Ch.12 Reading and Concept Review Packet /20
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1 Name: Period: Date: Ch.12 Reading and Concept Review Packet /20 Term Chapter 12 Reading and Concept Review: page Directions: Link the various terms into coherent sentence or two that connects all the terms. Do not give book or internet definitions, use your own words. 1. Carrier, Pedigree, Inheritance, Dominant and Recessive Traits 2. Chromosome, Autosome, and Sex Chromosome 3. Allele, Protein, and Traits 4. Dominance Traits, Incomplete dominance, and Co-dominance 5. Multiple allele,polygenetic inheritance, and sex-linked traits 1
2 Pedigree Pedigree chart traces traits over several generations in a similar way as a family tree. Pedigree charts are useful in gathering background genetic information that can be used for medical reasons. When interpreting pedigree charts remember square are male and circles are females. 1. Use the below pedigree chart to answer the following three questions. Muscle type is not a sex-linked characteristic. a. Place the genotypes of each individual below its symbol. b. What is the genotype of individual #3 and 4? c. Can either individual #8 or 9 be homozygous? d. Explain the family relationship that #12 has with #2. 2. Label the genotype for each of the individuals below its symbol on the pedigree chart (note: eye color is not a sex-linked trait). 2
3 3. List the possible genotypes of the following hemophilia pedigree chart below. Remember hemophilia is a sex linked trait that is caused by a recessive allele, therefore you must denote the individuals sex chromosomes (X N X n and X n Y or Nn and ny) as well as the hemophilia allele (n). 4. Examine the following pedigree chart of color-blindness. In humans, color blindness is caused by a recessive sex-linked allele. On the diagram, label the genotypes of the individuals Create a pedigree for 3 generations that includes you that follows a trait. Include both sides of your family tree. a. Make a pedigree chart based on the information on a separate sheet of paper. b. Label the genotypes of the individuals in the chart. c. Identify the dominant and recessive trait a. Pick from the following traits: Earlobe Attachment, Tongue rolling, Cleft Chin, Dimples, Freckles, Natural Curly Hair, Colorblindness, Widow Peak d. Staple to the packet. 3
4 Incomplete Dominance Incomplete Dominance is a heterozygous condition in which both alleles are partially expressed, often producing an intermediate phenotype. 1. In snapdragons, when a red flower (R) is crossed with a white flower (W), the offspring are pink (RW) Perform a cross of pink flower with another pink flower. 2. What would you expect from the mating of a gray rooster with a black hen assuming incomplete dominance of black (B) over white (W)? 3. In some cats the gene for tail length shows incomplete dominance. Cats with long tails and cats with no tails are homozygous for their respective alleles. Cats with one long tail allele and one no tail allele have short tails. What would be the predicted offspring from a cross between a short tailed cat and a cat with no tail? 4
5 Codominance Codominance is a condition in which both alleles of a gene pair in a heterozygote are fully expressed, with neither one being dominant or recessive to the other. 4. A black cat is crossed when crossed with a tan cat will produce a tabby pattern on the cat (black and tan fur together) What would be the predicted offspring from a cross between parents where one is tabby and one is black. Blood type A A B B AB O Genetic makeup AA AO BB BO AB OO Blood types are inherited. But there is not a dominant type. When the genes determine the blood types BOTH traits are exhibited, so the blood type becomes a mixture of both traits. Example, if a parent is type A and the other is type B, then the child will get a blood type called AB because both A and B are both dominant (co-dominant.) 5. A woman with a blood type of O is accusing a man with a blood type of AB of being the father of the child whose blood type is O. Use a Punnett Square to determine the probability the man truly being the child s father. 4 4 Percent chance that this man is FATHER of the child? 5
6 6. A child has blood type AB. The mother has type B. What blood type(s) would the father have to have to be considered the biological father? Support your answer by giving all the possibilities on Punnett Squares. Conclusion: The father s blood type would have to be to produce a child with AB from a mother with B. 6
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