CIBI Midterm Examination III November 2005
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1 Name: CIBI Midterm Examination III November 2005 Multiple Choice In each blank, identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. If a parent cell has 16 chromosomes, how many sister chromatids will be present after duplication of the chromosomes? a c Chromosomes other than those involved in sex determination are known as a. alleles. autosomes. c. chromatids. 3. In eukaryotic cells, which can occur during the stages of mitosis? a. the replication of DNA fragmentation and disappearance of the nuclear envelope 4. Sex chromosomes a. determine gender. carry some genes that have nothing to do with sex. 5. Which of the following designates a normal human male? a. XX YY c. XY 6. If R is dominant to r, the offspring of the cross of RR with rr will a. display the same phenotype as the rr parent. display the same phenotype as the RR parent. c. have the same genotype as the RR parent. 7. Genes that are located on the same chromosome a. will be separated during gamete formation. tend to be inherited together. 8. Which of the following designates a normal human female? a. XX XO c. XY 9. Hybrid organisms produced from a cross between two pure-breeding organisms belong to which generation? a. P 1 c. A1 F1 10. If alleles L, M, and N are on the maternal chromosome and l, m, and n are on the paternal chromosome, the only way that a gamete from a heterozygote will produce a gamete with alleles l, m, and N is through a. the law of independent assortment. crossing over. c. nondisjunction. 1
2 11. An organism with genotype AaBb is a. homozygous dominant. heterozygous. c. homozygous recessive. 12. The ABO blood types have different genotypes. a. 6 4 c Sexual reproduction a. produces genetic clones. leads to uniform characteristics in a population. c. results in new combinations of genetic traits. 14. If short hair (S) is dominant to long hair (s), then what fraction of the offspring produced by a cross of Ss x ss will be homozygous dominant? a. none (no chance of this offspring) 1/4 c. 1/2 15. If two genes are almost always found in the same gamete, a. they are located far apart on the same chromosome. they are located on nonhomologous chromosomes. c. they are located close together on the same chromosome. 16. When a cell undergoes mitosis, a. the daughter cells have identical genes. the daughter cells have genes identical to those of the mother cell that produced them. 17. In comparing mitosis and meiosis, which of the following statements is true? a. Crossing over occurs in both. Meiosis II resembles mitosis. c. Both processes result in four cells. 18. Different, or alternative, forms of the same gene are called a. chromatids. alleles. c. genetomorphs. 19. Through meiosis, a. the diploid chromosome number is reduced to haploid. parental DNA is divided and distributed to forming gametes. 20. Which is NOT a typical site for the occurrence of meiosis? a. plant ovary human nose cells c. human testis 21. According to Mendel, what kind of alleles are masked, or "disappear," in F1 pea plants? a. dominant recessive c. codominant 22. The spindle apparatus is made of a. Golgi bodies. microtubules. c. endoplasmic reticulum. 2
3 23. Which of the following is NOT associated with meiosis? a. sperm and egg somatic cells c. reduction of the chromosome number 24. If a daughter expresses an X-linked recessive gene, she inherited the trait from a. her mother. both parents. c. her father. 25. If two genes are on the same chromosome, a. they are in the same linkage group. they assort independently. c. crossing over occurs frequently. 26. When chromosomes become visible during prophase of mitosis, it is the result of a. addition of proteins to the DNA. DNA replication. c. condensation of DNA and associated proteins. 27. If ALL offspring of a cross have the genotype Aa, the parents of the crosses are most likely a. Aa x aa. AA x aa. c. Aa x Aa. 28. The chromatids separate from one another and become individual chromosomes during a. metaphase. prophase. c. anaphase. 29. Mendel found that pea plants expressing a recessive trait a. were pure-breeding. appeared only in the first generation offspring of a cross between two pure-breeding plants expressing contrasting forms of a trait. 30. In mitosis, if a parent cell has 16 chromosomes, each daughter cell will have how many chromosomes? a c Sister chromatids are separated from each other during a. metaphase I. anaphase II. c. metaphase II. 32. Which of the following is NOT true of human chromosomes? a. Human gametes have two of each type of 23 chromosomes. The haploid number is 23. c. Human gametes have one of each type of 23 chromosomes. 33. If a child has an AB blood type, the parents a. can have different blood types, but neither can be blood type O. must be A and B, but not AB. c. must both be AB. 34. Crossing over is one of the most important events in meiosis because a. it produces new combinations of alleles on chromosomes. c. homologous chromosomes must be separated into different daughter cells. the number of chromosomes allotted to each daughter cell must be halved. 3
4 35. The chromosomes are aligned at the spindle equator during a. interphase. metaphase. c. anaphase. 36. The number of different alleles for ABO blood types in the total human population is a c The chromosomes have arrived at opposite poles during a. anaphase. telophase. c. metaphase. 38. Homologous chromosomes a. have alleles for the same characteristics even though the gene expression may not be the same. are derived only from the maternal parent. 39. The chromosomes and genes are actually replicated during a. metaphase. anaphase. c. interphase. 40. Which of the following genotypes is homozygous? a. aabb aabb c. AaBB 41. Gene A is on chromosome #5, gene B is on chromosome #21. Therefore, these two parts of the chromosomes CANNOT be a. dominant. recessive. c. alleles. 42. If tall (T) is dominant to dwarf (t), and two homozygous varieties TT and tt are crossed, then what kind of offspring will be produced? a. all dwarf all tall c. 1/2 tall, 1/2 dwarf 43. The chromosomes are moving to opposite poles during a. metaphase. anaphase. c. interphase. 44. Meiosis typically results in the production of a. four diploid cells. four haploid cells. c. two diploid cells. 45. Which of the following does NOT produce variation? a. asexual reproduction c. crossing over random alignment of chromosomes during meiosis 46. Which of the following events occurs in prophase I but does NOT occur in prophase II? a. spindle formation crossing over 4
5 47. Genetic recombination as a result of crossing over occurs more often in genes a. that are located on different chromosomes. that are located close together on the same chromosome. c. that are located far apart on the same chromosome. 48. Red-green color blindness is an X-linked recessive trait in humans. A color-blind woman and a man with normal vision have a son. What is the probability that the son is color blind? a. 75 percent 100 percent c. 50 percent 49. Which of the following statements is FALSE? a. Crossing over leads to variation. The closer together genes are found on a chromosome the greater is the chance that crossing over will occur between them. c. Independent assortment of homologous chromosomes during meiosis increases variation. 50. Crossing over occurs during a. metaphase II. prophase I. c. anaphase I. Extra Credit Problem (2 points) 51. If a father and a son are both red-green color blind (an X-linked recessive trait) and the mother is normal, is it likely that the son inherited color blindness from his father? (a) Yes or No (circle one). (b) Explain your answer. 5
6 ID: A CIBI Midterm Examination III November 2005 Answer Section MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. ANS: B DIF: Easy 2. ANS: B DIF: Easy TOP: CHROMOSOMES AND INHERITANCE 3. ANS: B DIF: Moderate TOP: MITOSIS 4. ANS: C DIF: Easy TOP: CHROMOSOMES AND INHERITANCE 5. ANS: C DIF: Easy TOP: CASE STUDIES: CHANGES IN THE NUMBER OF SEX CHROMOSOMES 6. ANS: B DIF: Moderate TOP: MENDEL S THEORY OF SEGREGATION 7. ANS: B DIF: Moderate 8. ANS: A DIF: Easy TOP: CASE STUDIES: CHANGES IN THE NUMBER OF SEX CHROMOSOMES 9. ANS: C DIF: Moderate 10. ANS: B DIF: Difficult 11. ANS: B DIF: Moderate 12. ANS: DIF: Difficult TOP: DOMINANCE RELATIONS 13. ANS: C DIF: Moderate 14. ANS: DIF: Easy TOP: MENDEL S THEORY OF SEGREGATION 15. ANS: C DIF: Moderate 16. ANS: C DIF: Moderate 17. ANS: B DIF: Difficult TOP: MEIOSIS AND MITOSIS COMPARED 18. ANS: B DIF: Moderate 19. ANS: C DIF: Moderate 20. ANS: B DIF: Easy 21. ANS: B DIF: Moderate TOP: MENDEL S THEORY OF SEGREGATION 22. ANS: B DIF: Easy TOP: MITOSIS 23. ANS: B DIF: Moderate 24. ANS: B DIF: Moderate TOP: EXAMPLES OF INHERITANCE PATTERNS 25. ANS: DIF: Easy 26. ANS: C DIF: Easy 27. ANS: B DIF: Moderate TOP: MENDEL S THEORY OF SEGREGATION 1
7 ID: A 28. ANS: C DIF: Moderate TOP: MITOSIS 29. ANS: DIF: Difficult 30. ANS: DIF: Easy 31. ANS: B DIF: Moderate TOP: HOW MEIOSIS HALVES THE CHROMOSOME NUMBER 32. ANS: DIF: Difficult TOP: FROM GAMETES TO OFFSPRING 33. ANS: DIF: Moderate TOP: DOMINANCE RELATIONS 34. ANS: DIF: Difficult TOP: A CLOSER LOOK AT KEY EVENTS OF MEIOSIS I 35. ANS: B DIF: Easy TOP: MITOSIS 36. ANS: C DIF: Difficult TOP: DOMINANCE RELATIONS 37. ANS: B DIF: Easy TOP: MITOSIS 38. ANS: DIF: Moderate TOP: HOW MEIOSIS HALVES THE CHROMOSOME NUMBER 39. ANS: C DIF: Easy TOP: THE CELL CYCLE 40. ANS: B DIF: Easy 41. ANS: C DIF: Difficult 42. ANS: B DIF: Moderate TOP: MENDEL S THEORY OF SEGREGATION 43. ANS: B DIF: Easy TOP: MITOSIS 44. ANS: B DIF: Moderate TOP: FROM GAMETES TO OFFSPRING 45. ANS: DIF: Difficult TOP: MEIOSIS AND MITOSIS COMPARED 46. ANS: B DIF: Moderate TOP: A CLOSER LOOK AT KEY EVENTS OF MEIOSIS I 47. ANS: C DIF: Moderate 48. ANS: B DIF: Moderate TOP: EXAMPLES OF INHERITANCE PATTERNS 49. ANS: B DIF: Difficult 50. ANS: B DIF: Easy TOP: A CLOSER LOOK AT KEY EVENTS OF MEIOSIS I PROBLEM 51. ANS: (a) No. (b) Males inherit all X-linked traits from the mother: they must inherit their Y chromosome from their father, so they inherit their only X chromosome (and any X-linked traits) from the mother. See page 205. DIF: Difficult 2
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