Global Statistical Review

Transcription

1 Global Statistical Review

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3 Carrer de la Fruita Seca 4, Polígon Tecnoparc, REUS, Spain T F inc@nutfruit.org - 3

4 Table of Contents Introduction World Production Historical Trend Supply Value World Production by Zones Almonds Amazonia (Brazil) Nuts Cashews Hazelnuts Macadamias Pecans Pine Nuts Pistachios Walnuts Peanuts Dates Dried Apricots Dried Figs Dried Grapes Prunes INC Statistics Database and Trade Map 4

5 Introduction The International Nut and Dried Fruit Council Foundation (INC) is the International source for information on nuts and dried fruits for: Health, Nutrition, Food Safety, Statistics, Government Standards and Government regulations regarding trade barriers and trade quality standards. The INC was founded in 1983 with the mission of providing new opportunities for increasing global consumption of almonds, Amazonia (Brazil) nuts, cashews, hazelnuts, macadamias, pecans, pine nuts, pistachios, walnuts, peanuts, dates, dried apricots, dried figs, prunes and dried grapes, by: Providing a single source of annual statistical information from producing and consuming countries. Ensuring that global quality standards and trading terms are within the framework of existing national and international governmental bodies and do not inhibit trade within the industry. Promoting research and scientific studies. Promoting international cooperation by interacting with public, private, national and international organizations with common goals. Increasing goodwill and mutual understanding of the nut and dried fruit industries by promoting international meetings in producing and consuming countries. It is the purpose of the present review to present worldwide statistics on production, trade and consumption on nuts and dried fruits. The data have been gathered from different information sources, countries and formats. The present collection of statistics will enable researchers, stakeholders, Government officials, nonprofit organizations and the industry in particular to analyze trends. The present report gathers world production statistics of nuts and dried fruits from 2004 to 2014, and worldwide imports, exports and estimated consumption data until Statistics are classified by product, year, producing country, exports, imports and main transit countries. A consumption study for each product and year for the largest consumer countries is shown. Each product is classified by: Production: total metric tons produced from 2004 to 2014, main producing countries in 2014, and six years average. Exports: total metric tons exported from the main producing countries and eventually re-exported from transit countries between 2004 and Imports: the twenty largest importers between 2004 and Consumption: it is the apparent availability during the time period in the twenty main consuming countries. Some countries are identified as transit points or processors, i.e. India and Vietnam are important processors of cashews, Germany and Denmark are known for their marzipan production. The consumption survey is presented for the twenty largest consuming countries in: Total metric tons consumed between 2009 and Consumption per capita in kilograms per year: total volume consumed through the total population of the country (population census according to the UN Statistics Division). consumption per capita in kilograms per year: total volume consumed through the estimated percentage of population that is considered as regular consumers of the specific nut or dried fruit. Data sources from the INC database, the DESA/UNSD United Nations Comtrade Database, the US Department of Agriculture and World Bank. 5

6 World Production WORLD TREE NUT PRODUCTION / METRIC TONS Almonds Kernel Basis Walnuts Kernel Basis Pistachios Inshell Basis Cashews Kernel Basis Hazelnut sk Kernel Basis 0 Pecans Kernel Basis Macadamias Kernel Basis Pine Nuts Kernel Basis Brazil Nuts Kernel Basis In season 2014/15, tree nuts production achieved 3.7 millions of metric tons, 8.5 percent up from the previous season and 56 percent up compared with 2004/05, which confirms the upward trend over the last ten years. Almonds were the tree nut that had experienced the greatest growth, doubling its productions in only ten years. Walnuts and Pistachios were the second and third tree nut most produced in 2014, achieving 656,000 (kernel basis) and 638,000 (in shell basis) respectively. Pine nuts were the second tree nut with a proportionally higher production growth in the last ten years, achieving an increase of 87 percent. Pecans and macadamias have also reported significant growths in their crops (60 percent and 55 percent respectively) in the last ten years. 6

7 TREE NUT PRODUCTION / KERNEL BASIS (EXCEPT PISTACHIOS IN SHELL) / METRIC TONS USA Turkey Iran China India Viet Nam Others Historically USA has been the world s largest tree nut producer country, accounting 12.4 million metric tons produced since USA is followed by Turkey, which a total production of almost 4.5 million metric tons, Iran with 2.6 million metric tons, India and China with 2.01 and 2.06 million metric tons respectively. USA was also the country with the proportionally higher growth in the last ten years, reporting an increase on its production of 83 percent. Turkey with 62 percent, China with 60 percent and Iran with 57 percent have also experienced significant growths the last decade WORLD DRIED FRUIT PRODUCTION / METRIC TONS In season 2013/14, dried fruits production achieved 9 millions of metric tons, that is, 0.3 percent up than last year and 10 percent up compared with Dates were the dried fruit most produced in 2014 with 7.5 million (including table dates and dates used for industrial purposes) ! Dates Dried Grapes Prunes Dried Apricots Dried Figs 7

8 WORLD DRIED FRUIT PRODUCTION / METRIC TONS Iran Arabia Saudí Egypt UAE Pakistan Algeria Others In 2014, Iran was the world s largest dried fruit producer country, with 1.26 million metric tons produced in the last year and accounting 12.6 million metric tons in the last ten years. Iran was followed by Egypt, with a production of 1.18 million metric tons in 2014 and 12.5 million metric tons accounting since 2004 and Saudi Arabia, with 1.24 million metric tons produced in 2014 and accounting 12 million metric tons since These three countries accounted the 40 percent of all dried fruits production in the last ten years, primarily due to dates, which accounted the 81 percent of all dried fruits production in WORLD PEANUT PRODUCTION / IN SHELL BASIS / METRIC TONS China India Nigeria USA Indonesia Others More than 35.6 millions of peanuts were produced in China was the main producer country with 13 millions metric tons (the 36 percent of world production), followed by India with 5 millions metric tons (14 percent) and Nigeria with 3 millions metric tons (8 percent)

9 Historical Trend WORLD TREE NUT PRODUCTION / METRIC TONS KERNEL BASIS (EXCEPT PISTACHIOS IN SHELL) Lower-income economies Middle-income economies High-income economies In these graphs there are classified all economies according to their Gross National Income per capita (using the World Bank Atlas method). In 2006, middle-income countries (MIC) produced 37 percent more tree nuts than highincome countries (HIC), being the largest difference between both income groups in the last decade. But from that year, the trend changed, and in 2009 HIC ranked first in the world production of tree nuts. Production by MIC followed a negative trend until 2011, when HIC produced 26 percent more tree nuts. From there, the situation seems to have changed again, and the difference between both economies was only 5 percent in the last season. On the other hand, lower-income economies (LIC) have showed significant growths in production of tree nuts in the last two seasons. WORLD TREE NUT CON / METRIC TONS KERNEL BASIS (EXCEPT PISTACHIOS IN SHELL) Lower-income economies Middle-income economies High-income economies Total consumption of tree nuts has grown 53 percent over the last ten years. MIC have increased their consumer demand achieving, in 2013, 34 percent of world tree nuts consumption (8 percentage points more than in 2004). For the 2015 fiscal year, low-income economies, middle-income economies and highincome economies are defined as those with the GNI per capita, using the World Bank Atlhas method: Low-Income Economies: GNI per capita of $1,045 or less Middle-Income Economies: (includes both Lower-Middle-Income Economies and Upper-Middle-Income Economies): $1,046 to $12,746 High-Income Economies: $ 12,746 or more 9

10 Peanuts are basically produced by middle-income economies and consumed by both middle and high-income countries. The significant weight of middle-income countries in terms of production has not changed in the last ten years. By contrast, consumption in middle-income countries has increased significantly. Middle-income countries as Egypt, Pakistan, Algeria, Iraq, Sudan, Morroco and Libya lead the world production of dried fruits, primarily due to dates. WORLD PEANUTS PRODUCTION IN 2004 WORLD PEANUTS CON IN 2004 WORLD DRIED FRUITS CON IN 2004 WORLD DRIED FRUITS PRODUCTION IN % 34% 36% 32% 65% 63% 68% 93% 1% 1% 0,2% High-income economies, Low-income economies, 0 Middle-income economies, High-income economies, Low-income economies, Middle-income economies, High-income economies, Low-income economies, Middle-income economies High-income economies, Low-income economies, Middle-income economies, WORLD PEANUTS PRODUCTION IN 2013 WORLD PEANUTS CON IN 2013 WORLD DRIED FRUITS CON IN 2013 WORLD DRIED FRUITS PRODUCTION IN % 0,3% 53% 45% 37% 34% 63% 66% 94% 2% 0,4% High-income economies, Low-income economies, Middle-income economies, High-income economies, Low-income economies, 26,961 Middle-income economies, High-income economies, Low-income economies, Middle-income economies, High-income economies, Low-income economies, 0 Middle-income economies,

11 Supply Value In 2014, all tree nuts accounted a supply value of 33,706 million dollars, 25 percent up than 2013 and 146 percent up compared with Almonds were the tree nut which accounted a higher supply value in 2014, with 8,320 million dollars, a quarter of the total tree nut supply value. On the other hand, dried fruits totaled a supply value of 7,470 million dollars in 2014, that is, 5 percent more than the previous season and 56 percent more than In 2014, only dried grapes accounted almost half of the total dried fruit supply value. TREE NUT & DRIED FRUIT TOTAL SUPPLY VALUE ($ MILLION) TREE NUT SUPPLY VALUE ($ MILLION) Almonds, Pistachios, Walnuts, Cashews, Hazelnuts, Almonds Shelled Pistachios In Shell Walnuts Shelled Cashews Shelled Hazelnuts Shelled Pecans Shelled Pine Nuts Shelled Macadamias Shelled Brazil Nuts Shelled Pecans, Pine Nuts, Macadamias, 586 Brazil Nuts, DRIED FRUIT SUPPLY VALUE ($ MILLION) Dried Fruit Tree Nut Dried Grapes, Dates, Prunes, 934 Dried Figs, 535 Dried Apricots Dried Grapes Dates Prunes Dried Apricots Dried Figs 11

12 The graphs below show the relation between supply value (in 2014) and production, taking into account the proportion of each nut/fruit production over world production. The graphs show, for instance, how walnuts registered a higher supply value than cashews, even though their production volumes are very similar. PECAN, MACADAMIA, BRAZIL NUT AND PINE NUT SUPPLY VALUE / PRODUCTION IN 2014 TREE NUTS SUPPLY VALUE / PRODUCTION IN PECANS PRODUCTION CASHEWS WALNUTS ALMONDS PISTACHIOS HIOS PRODUCTION MACADAMIAS PINE NUTS BRAZIL NUTS BRAZIL NUTS 0 MACADAMIAS PECANS PINE NUTS HAZELNUTS SUPPLY VALUE ($ MILLION) SUPPLY VALUE ($ MILLION) DRIED FRUITS SUPPLY VALUE / PRODUCTION IN DATES PRODUCTION DRIED GRAPES PRUNES DRIED FIGS 0 DRIED APRICOTS SUPPLY VALUE ($ MILLION) 12

13 World Production by Zones The two graphs below represent the world distribution of tree nuts by geographical zone, expressed in total terms and in percentage. Almonds were the most produced tree nut. Its production was significantly high in North America. In 2014, more than 80 percent of almonds were produced in North America. Pistachios, the second most produced tree nut in 2014, were mainly produced in the Middle East and North America. Both regions accounted the 96 percent of world pistachio production. Only pistachios represented the 52 percent of the totality of tree nuts produced in the Middle East. TREE NUT PRODUCTION BY ZONE / 2014 METRIC TONS In 2014, dates were clearly the most produced dried fruit in the world, and their production was mainly located in the Middle East (almost 70 percent of world production), Africa (20.5 percent share) and Asia (10 percent share). Production of dried grapes in 2014, the second most produced dried fruit, was mainly located in the Middle East (38 percent of world production, mainly from Turkey), Asia (24 percent share) and North America (22 percent share). DRIED FRUIT PRODUCTION BY ZONE / 2014 METRIC TONS AFRICA ASIA EUROPE LATIN AMERICA MIDDLE EAST NORTH OCEANIA AMERICA Dates Dried Figs Prunes Dried Apricots Dried Grapes 0 AFRICA ASIA EUROPE LATIN AMERICA MIDDLE EAST NORTH AMERICA OCEANIA The 85 percent of total tree nuts produced in Africa were Cashews. Only Cote d Ivoire and Guinea-Bissau produced 109,500 metric tons and 48,250 metric tons respectively. About 70 percent of total walnuts production was divided between Asia and Europe, with more than 227,000 and 217,000 respectively. Finally, 73 percent of world hazelnuts were produced in the Middle East, basically in Turkey. Europe represented the other big focus of hazelnuts production, with 22 percent of total production. DISTRIBUTION OF TREE NUT PRODUCTION BY ZONE / % 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Almonds Brazil Nuts Cashews Hazelnuts Macadamias Pistachios Pecans Walnuts In Shell AFRICA ASIA EUROPE LATIN AMERICA MIDDLE EAST NORTH AMERICA OCEANIA Almonds Brazil Nuts Cashews Hazelnuts Macadamias Pistachios Pecans Walnuts In Shell On other hand, almost 81 percent of prunes production was located in only two regions, Latin America (43 percent) and North America (37 percent). Finally, dried figs were mainly produced in Middle East, with 76 percent of total production, Europe (15 percent) and North America (8 percent). DISTRIBUTION OF DRIED FRUIT PRODUCTION BY ZONE / % 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% AFRICA ASIA EUROPE LATIN AMERICA MIDDLE EAST NORTH OCEANIA AMERICA Dates Dried Figs Prunes Dried Apricots Dried Grapes 13

14 Almonds Production In season 2014/15, world production of almonds achieved 1,077,000 metric tons (kernel basis), 7 percent up compared to the five-year average and 96 percent compared with 2004, which confirms the upward trend over the last years. The United States of America with 834,000 metric tons (), Australia with 65,000 and Spain with 48,000 remain the major producers, accounting for 87 percent of world s almond production ESTIMATED ALMOND PRODUCTION KERNEL BASIS / METRIC TONS USA, / 77% Australia, / 6% Spain*, / 4% Iran, / 3% Turkey, / 1% Tunisia, / 1% Others, / 1% * Processing for turron (Spanish nougat) WORLD ALMOND PRODUCTION KERNEL BASIS / METRIC TONS +96% over YEARS AVERAGE ALMOND PRODUCTION KERNEL BASIS / METRIC TONS USA, / 80% Australia, / 5% Spain*, / 5% Iran, / 2% Turkey, / 2% Tunisia, / 1% Others, / 6% * Processing for turron (Spanish nougat) 14

15 Exports More than 650,000 of almonds (shelled) were exported in 2013, a quantity that represents an important increase compared with 390,377 in USA was the main exporting country. The top destination of US almonds was Spain, accounting the 16% of total exports, followed by Germany and China with the 13% and 8% respectively. Spain was the second-largest exporter. Its exports went, principally, to Germany (25% of total), France (23%) and Italy (23%). Almonds 2013 WORLD ALMOND EXPORTS SHELLED / METRIC TONS USA, / 73% Spain, / 11% Australia, / 4% Germany, / 2% Netherlands*, / 2% Others, / 8% * Transit country WORLD ALMOND EXPORTS SHELLED / METRIC TONS 5 YEARS AVERAGE ALMOND EXPORTS SHELLED / METRIC TONS +68% over USA, / 75% Spain, / 9% Australia, / 3% China, / 3% Netherlands*, / 1% Others, / 9% * Transit country

16 Almonds IMPORTS / SHELLED / METRIC TONS COUNTRY Germany Spain* UAE France China Italy Netherlands** Japan Canada Russian Fed UK Korea Rep Belgium** Turkey Mexico Viet nam Algeria Saudi Arabia India USA Others TOTAL Growth ( ) * Processing country ** Transit country 16

17 Almonds CON KERNEL BASIS COUNTRY USA ,686 1, ,760 1, ,820 1, ,871 1, ,840 1,688 Germany ,746 1, ,860 1, ,877 1, ,875 1, ,959 1,919 Spain* ,929 1, ,940 1, ,338 2, ,252 2, ,044 2,088 Australia ,489 2, ,135 2, ,541 2, ,372 2, ,086 3,792 France ,466 0, ,472 0, ,460 0, ,481 0, ,609 1,218 Italy ,473 0, ,485 0, ,660 1, ,614 1, ,584 1,168 Japan ,183 0, ,164 0, ,170 0, ,203 0, ,223 0,297 Canada ,590 1, ,608 1, ,727 1, ,697 1, ,731 1,461 Russian Fed ,074 0, ,093 0, ,122 0, ,142 0, ,152 0,610 Korea Rep ,209 0, ,216 0, ,284 1, ,441 1, ,436 1,742 China ,018 0, ,021 0, ,027 0, ,026 0, ,016 0,064 Turkey ,222 0, ,296 1, ,313 1, ,319 1, ,271 1,085 Netherlands ,039 2, ,657 1, ,642 1, ,802 1, ,152 2,304 Iran ,147 0, ,174 0, ,169 0, ,135 0, ,207 0,377 Tunisia ,227 1, ,347 1, ,352 1, ,251 1, ,372 1,960 UK ,157 0, ,219 0, ,196 0, ,251 0, ,223 0,446 Greece* ,100 1, ,979 1, ,232 1, ,068 1, ,961 1,478 Viet Nam ,134 0, ,143 0, ,164 0, ,216 0, ,086 0,199 Morocco ,302 0, ,301 0, ,299 0, ,278 0, ,211 0,423 India ,009 0, ,007 0, ,009 0, ,008 0, ,004 0,044 WORLD TOTAL , , , , ,160 (1) Total consumption expressed in Kg per person. Based on UN Statistics Division population census. (2) Based on the estimated percentage of population consuming the specific product. * Processing country 17

18 Amazonia (Brazil) Nuts Production World production of Amazonia (Brazil) nuts in 2014 was 25,000 metric tons (kernel basis). Bolivia accounted 18,500, the 74% of total of Brazil Nuts, followed by Peru with 3,500 (14% share) and Brazil with 3,000 (12% share). The Amazonia (Brazil) nut is the most economically important plan product that is harvested sustainably in the Amazonian rain forest. Close to 70 percent of the world s supply comes from the Pando region, an area that only represents 3 percent of the Amazon forest. WORLD BRAZIL NUT PRODUCTION KERNEL BASIS / METRIC TONS -7% over ESTIMATED BRAZIL NUT PRODUCTION KERNEL BASIS / METRIC TONS Bolivia, / 74% Peru, / 14% Brazil, / 12% 6 YEARS AVERAGE BRAZIL NUT PRODUCTION KERNEL BASIS / METRIC TONS Bolivia, / 76% Brazil, / 12% Peru, / 12%

19 Exports Amazonia (Brazil) Nuts More than 31,900 of Amazonia (Brazil) nuts were exported in 2013, 37 percent up compared with Bolivia was the main exporting country in Its exports went mainly to the United Kingdom (the 28.5% of total), USA (20%), Germany (18%) and Netherlands (11%). On the other hand, almost 70% of Peru s exports (the second largest exporter) went to the USA WORLD BRAZIL NUT EXPORTS SHELLED / METRIC TONS Bolivia, / 63% Peru, / 11% Netherlands*, / 7% UK, / 5% Others, / 14% * Transit country WORLD BRAZIL NUT EXPORTS SHELLED / METRIC TONS 5 YEARS AVERAGE BRAZIL NUT EXPORTS SHELLED / METRIC TONS +37% over Bolivia, / 61% Peru, / 13% UK, / 6% Netherlands*, / 5% Brazil, / 5% Thailand, / 3% Germany*, 929 / 3% Others, / 4% * Transit country 19

20 Amazonia (Brazil) Nuts IMPORTS / SHELLED / METRIC TONS COUNTRY USA UK Germany* Netherlands* Australia China Canada Russian Fed Colombia Italy New Zealand France Belgium* Spain Israel Sweden South Africa Brazil Others TOTAL * Transit country Growth ( ) 20

21 Amazonia (Brazil) Nuts CON KERNEL BASIS COUNTRY USA ,027 0, ,024 0, ,019 0, ,024 0, ,023 0,069 Germany ,021 0, ,042 0, ,054 0, ,039 0, ,055 0,184 UK ,101 0, ,087 0, ,079 0, ,064 0, ,072 0,217 Australia ,061 0, ,056 0, ,049 0, ,073 0, ,069 0,277 China 67 0,000 0, ,000 0, ,000 0, ,000 0, ,001 0,007 Canada 588 0,017 0, ,021 0, ,021 0, ,023 0, ,027 0,271 Russian Fed ,003 0, ,003 0, ,004 0, ,006 0, ,005 0,052 Colombia 726 0,016 0, ,013 0, ,013 0, ,016 0, ,016 0,162 Italy 475 0,008 0, ,009 0, ,008 0, ,009 0, ,010 0,098 New Zealand 191 0,044 0, ,074 0, ,052 0, ,068 0, ,085 0,339 France 287 0,005 0, ,005 0, ,011 0, ,005 0, ,005 0,172 Israel 158 0,021 0, ,019 0, ,033 0, ,058 0, ,033 0,131 Spain 568 0,012 0, ,009 0, ,007 0, ,009 0, ,005 0,018 Sweden 213 0,023 0, ,017 0, ,021 0, ,075 0, ,024 0,235 South Africa 194 0,004 0, ,006 0, ,003 0, ,006 0, ,004 0,038 Norway 259 0,053 0, ,022 0, ,039 0, ,026 0, ,030 0,304 Ireland 189 0,042 0, ,061 0, ,039 0, ,028 0, ,031 0,126 Denmark 101 0,018 0, ,021 0, ,036 0, ,031 0, ,023 0,045 Switzerland 100 0,013 0, ,010 0, ,008 0, ,009 0, ,015 0,150 Czech Republic 145 0,014 0, ,012 0, ,006 0, ,007 0, ,011 0,107 WORLD TOTAL , , , , ,004 (1) Total consumption expressed in Kg per person. Based on UN Statistics Division population census. (2) Based on the estimated percentage of population consuming the specific product. 21

22 Cashews Production India led the production of cashews in 2014 with a crop of 164,286 metric tons (kernel basis), which represented the 26 percent of global production, followed by Vietnam (119,048, 19 %) and Côte d Ivoire (109,583, 17 %). Global production of cashews in 2014 reached 629,668 metric tons, an increase of 7 percent from the previous season and 16 percent up compared with East and West Africa are exporting almost all their production in inshell raw cashew nuts to India, Vietnam and Brazil to be shelled and processed there ESTIMATED CASHEW PRODUCTION KERNEL BASIS / METRIC TONS West Africa, / 38% India, / 26% Viet nam, /19% East Africa, / 7% Brazil, / 4% Cambodia, / 3% Others, / 3% WORLD CASHEW PRODUCTION KERNEL BASIS / METRIC TONS +16% over YEARS AVERAGE CASHEW PRODUCTION KERNEL BASIS / METRIC TONS West Africa, / 35% India, / 29% Viet nam, / 14% East Africa, / 8% Brazil, / 6% Cambodia, / 3% Indonesia, / 2% Others, / 2%

23 Exports With 437,223 exported in 2014, cashews had almost doubled their exports in less than ten years. Viet Nam and India clearly led the exports of cashews with more than 237,500 and respectively. USA is the main destination of both Viet Nam and India s exports, representing the 41% of total Viet Nam s exports and 27% of total India s exports. Cashews 2014 WORLD CASHEW EXPORTS SHELLED / METRIC TONS Viet nam*, / 54% India*, / 29% Brazil, / 5% Netherlands**, / 2% Côte d Ivoire, 6.060/ 1% UK, / 1% Mozambique, / 1% Indonesia, / 1% Others, / 6% * Processing country ** Transit country WORLD CASHEW EXPORTS SHELLED / METRIC TONS +48% over YEARS AVERAGE CASHEW EXPORTS SHELLED / METRIC TONS Viet nam*, / 45% India*, / 28% Brazil, / 8% Netherlands**, / 5% Tanzania, / 3% Ghana, / 2% Nigeria, / 1% Indonesia, / 1% Others, / 6% * Processing country ** Transit country 23

24 Cashews IMPORTS / SHELLED / METRIC TONS COUNTRY USA China Netherlands* Germany* UAE* Australia UK Canada Russian Fed France Japan Thailand Belgium India** Saudi Arabia Italy Spain Israel New Zealand Singapore Others TOTAL Growth ( ) * Transit country ** Processing country 24

25 Cashews CON KERNEL BASIS COUNTRY USA ,397 1, ,421 1, ,365 1, ,354 1, ,422 1,279 China ,030 0, ,032 0, ,031 0, ,038 0, ,038 0,116 India ,033 0, ,039 0, ,046 0, ,059 0, ,042 0,085 Germany ,193 0, ,223 0, ,241 0, ,320 1, ,313 1,252 Netherlands ,316 1, ,024 1, ,213 1, ,744 0, ,385 1,731 Australia ,615 1, ,628 1, ,627 1, ,695 1, ,707 1,414 Cambodia ,707 1, ,847 1, ,832 1, ,830 1, ,046 2,093 Indonesia ,106 0, ,042 0, ,055 0, ,041 0, ,061 0,121 Canada ,271 0, ,264 0, ,275 0, ,346 0, ,350 0,701 Russian Fed ,041 0, ,044 0, ,060 0, ,071 0, ,071 0,282 UK ,241 0, ,214 0, ,157 0, ,199 0, ,155 0,469 France ,132 0, ,130 0, ,151 0, ,134 0, ,138 0,553 Japan ,049 0, ,059 0, ,063 0, ,059 0, ,064 0,116 Thailand ,047 0, ,046 0, ,067 0, ,088 0, ,089 0,133 Saudi Arabia ,186 0, ,191 0, ,161 0, ,225 0, ,193 0,584 Spain ,101 0, ,097 0, ,097 0, ,095 0, ,107 0,428 Italy ,059 0, ,082 0, ,077 0, ,089 0, ,078 0,523 Israel ,403 0, ,392 0, ,338 0, ,530 1, ,371 0,741 New Zealand ,447 0, ,458 0, ,452 0, ,547 1, ,606 1,212 Malaysia ,071 0, ,068 0, ,073 0, ,075 0, ,047 0,093 WORLD TOTAL , , , , ,098 (1) Total consumption expressed in Kg per person. Based on UN Statistics Division population census. (2) Based on the estimated percentage of population consuming the specific product. 25

26 Hazelnuts Production World production of hazelnuts in 2014 achieved 337,870 metric tons, down 25 percent from the previous season but 4 percent up compared with Turkey clearly led the hazelnuts production with a crop of 240,000 metric tons (kernel basis) in 2014, which represented the 71 percent of total production. Italy was the second largest producer, with a crop of 37,600, that is, the 11 percent of global production ESTIMATED HAZELNUT PRODUCTION KERNEL BASIS / METRIC TONS Turkey, / 71% Italy, / 11% USA, / 4% Georgia, / 4% Azerbaijan, / 3% Spain, / 3% Others, / 3% WORLD HAZELNUT PRODUCTION KERNEL BASIS / METRIC TONS +4% over YEARS AVERAGE HAZELNUT PRODUCTION KERNEL BASIS / METRIC TONS Turkey, / 73% Italy, /11% Azerbaijan, / 4% USA, / 4% Georgia, / 3% Spain, / 2% Others, / 3%

27 Exports Hazelnuts exports in 2013 achieved more than 245,750 metric tons, that is, 14% more than the previous year and 25% more than in Turkey had a clear leadership in trade, exporting the 66% of all hazelnuts in Italy was the principal destination of Turkey s hazelnut, importing more than 48,500, which represented the 30% of Turkey s exports. Georgia was the second largest exporter, with almost 27,750, being Germany the main destination. Hazelnuts 2013 WORLD HAZELNUT EXPORTS SHELLED / METRIC TONS Turkey, / 66% Georgia, / 11% Italy, / 7% Azerbaijan, / 4% Czech Republic, / 4% Others, / 8% WORLD HAZELNUT EXPORTS SHELLED / METRIC TONS -5% over YEARS AVERAGE HAZELNUT EXPORTS SHELLED / METRIC TONS Turkey, / 74% Georgia, / 7% Italy, / 6% Azerbaijan, / 5% Germany, / 2% Others, / 6%

28 Hazelnuts IMPORTS / SHELLED / METRIC TONS COUNTRY Italy* Germany* France Canada Switzerland Russian Fed Poland Belgium* Spain USA Netherlands Iraq Australia Ukraine Austria Egypt Czech Republic Brazil UK Greece Others TOTAL Growth ( ) * Processing country 28

29 Hazelnuts COUNTRY CON KERNEL BASIS Italy* ,317 1, ,113 1, ,707 2, ,188 1, ,459 1,945 Turkey ,615 1, ,624 1, ,744 1, ,151 2, ,889 1,777 Germany* ,354 0, ,335 0, ,304 0, ,349 0, ,423 0,845 France ,225 0, ,427 1, ,427 1, ,443 1, ,415 1,661 USA ,056 0, ,038 0, ,048 0, ,049 0, ,053 0,160 Spain ,209 0, ,262 0, ,245 0, ,237 0, ,268 0,536 Switzerland* ,248 1, ,190 1, ,201 1, ,093 1, ,244 1,659 Canada ,141 0, ,231 0, ,299 0, ,325 0, ,281 0,852 Russian Fed ,061 0, ,077 0, ,098 0, ,093 0, ,064 0,258 Poland ,163 0, ,182 0, ,184 0, ,266 1, ,227 0,908 Belgium ,546 0, ,604 0, ,980 1, ,613 0, ,639 0,852 Azerbaijan ,128 0, ,203 0, ,239 1, ,841 0, ,569 0,632 Australia ,067 0, ,103 0, ,100 0, ,124 0, ,129 0,344 Ukraine ,034 0, ,044 0, ,028 0, ,058 0, ,062 0,249 Egypt ,037 0, ,050 0, ,026 0, ,045 0, ,035 0,141 Brazil ,012 0, ,012 0, ,013 0, ,014 0, ,012 0,049 UK ,016 0, ,025 0, ,024 0, ,027 0, ,036 0,109 Greece ,155 0, ,187 0, ,142 0, ,173 0, ,167 0,666 Israel ,141 0, ,173 0, ,165 0, ,224 0, ,155 0,620 WORLD TOTAL , , , , ,063 (1) Total consumption expressed in Kg per person. Based on UN Statistics Division population census. (2) Based on the estimated percentage of population consuming the specific product. * Processing country 29

30 Macadamias Production Macadamias have experienced an increase in their crop of 70% in the last ten years, achieving more than 44,000 (kernel basis) in Australia was the largest producer with 14,100 metric tons (kernel basis), followed by South Africa (13,146 ), Kenya (5,448 ), USA (3,600 ) and Malawi (1,813 ). These countries account for 86 percent of world production. WORLD MACADAMIA PRODUCTION KERNEL BASIS / METRIC TONS +70% over ESTIMATED MACADAMIA PRODUCTION KERNEL BASIS / METRIC TONS Australia, / 32% South Africa, / 30% Kenya, / 12% USA, / 8% Malawi, / 4% Guatemala, / 4% China, / 3% Others, / 7% 6 YEARS AVERAGE MACADAMIA PRODUCTION KERNEL BASIS / METRIC TONS Australia, / 32% South Africa, / 28% Kenya, / 13% USA, / 11% Malawi, / 5% Guatemala, / 4% China, / 4% Others, / 4%

31 Exports A total of 20,360 of shelled macadamias were exported in 2013, that is, 51 percent up compared with 2004, but 40 percent less than in This decrease is explained by a switch in South Africa s exports to China to inshell macadamias. Still, South Africa remained as the top exporter of shelled macadamia nuts. USA and China were the main destinations. Australia was the second exporting country, being China the principal destination. Macadamias 2013 WORLD MACADAMIA EXPORTS SHELLED / METRIC TONS South Africa, / 31% Australia, / 27% China*, / 11% USA, / 7% Guatemala, / 7% Netherlands**, / 7% Others, / 10% * Processing country ** Transit country WORLD MACADAMIA EXPORTS SHELLED / METRIC TONS 5 YEARS AVERAGE MACADAMIA EXPORTS SHELLED / METRIC TONS +51% over South Africa, / 32% Australia, / 19% China*, / 13% Kenya, 3,717 / 12% Netherlands**, / 7% Guatemala, / 5% Zimbabwe, / 5% USA, / 4% Others, 796 / 3% * Processing country ** Transit country 31

32 Macadamias IMPORTS / SHELLED / METRIC TONS COUNTRY USA China* Germany Japan Australia Netherlands** Canada Belgium Luxembourg UK Spain Italy Singapore Malaysia France South Africa Viet nam Thailand Costa Rica Korea Rep Others TOTAL Growth ( ) * Processing country ** Transit country 32

33 Macadamias CON KERNEL BASIS COUNTRY Australia ,257 0, ,294 0, ,268 0, ,253 0, ,347 0,693 USA ,035 0, ,030 0, ,024 0, ,028 0, ,021 0,082 China 783 0,001 0, ,004 0, ,003 0, ,003 0, ,004 0,044 Kenya 560 0,015 0, ,015 0, ,066 0, ,153 1, ,117 1,171 Japan ,022 0, ,019 0, ,016 0, ,017 0, ,016 0,047 Malawi 801 0,069 0, ,102 0, ,039 0, ,106 0, ,100 0,200 Germany ,032 0, ,045 0, ,036 0, ,009 0, ,015 0,074 Brazil 306 0,002 0, ,003 0, ,003 0, ,005 0, ,006 0,055 Canada 761 0,011 0, ,027 0, ,013 0, ,036 0, ,028 0,056 Luxembourg* 739 1,458 1, ,065 1, ,799 2, ,775 1, ,029 1,372 UK 503 0,008 0, ,008 0, ,007 0, ,004 0, ,005 0,024 Spain 100 0,009 0, ,012 0, ,017 0, ,005 0, ,005 0,017 Italy 87 0,004 0, ,008 0, ,007 0, ,003 0, ,003 0,014 Korea Rep 194 0,004 0, ,009 0, ,004 0, ,006 0, ,004 0,040 Costa Rica 170 0,079 0, ,098 0, ,168 0, ,070 0, ,035 0,039 New Zealand 188 0,043 0, ,046 0, ,072 0, ,022 0, ,034 0,135 Malaysia 138 0,005 0, ,006 0, ,002 0, ,006 0, ,004 0,017 Singapore 88 0,017 0, ,009 0, ,015 0, ,041 0, ,024 0,097 France 202 0,003 0, ,002 0, ,007 0, ,002 0, ,002 0,007 Thailand 144 0,003 0, ,002 0, ,001 0, ,005 0, ,000 0,004 WORLD TOTAL , , , , ,005 (1) Total consumption expressed in Kg per person. Based on UN Statistics Division population census. (2) Based on the estimated percentage of population consuming the specific product. *Processing Country 33

34 Pecans Production World production of pecans totalled more than 108,000 metric tons (kernel basis), that is, 59 percent of increase in the last ten years. Production of pecans is clearly led by the United States and Mexico, which account for 93 percent of world production. Their production in 2014 was 60,185 and 40,823 metric tons respectively, followed by South Africa with 5,724 metric tons and Australia with 1,080 metric tons ESTIMATED PECAN PRODUCTION KERNEL BASIS / METRIC TONS USA, / 55% Mexico, / 38% South Africa, / 5% Australia, / 1% Others, 644 / 1% WORLD PECAN PRODUCTION KERNEL BASIS / METRIC TONS +59% over YEARS AVERAGE PECAN PRODUCTION KERNEL BASIS / METRIC TONS USA, / 59% Mexico, / 35% South Africa, / 4% Australia, 896 / 1% Others, 727 / 1%

35 Exports Pecans exports accounted almost 35,500 in 2013, 2 percent down than last year but 7 percent up compared with Mexico and USA accounted the 97% of all pecans exports in 2013, being USA the main destination of Mexico s exports and Canada, the principal destination of USA s exports WORLD PECAN EXPORTS SHELLED / METRIC TONS Pecans Mexico, / 52% USA, / 45% Australia, 731 / 2% South Africa, 200 / 1% WORLD PECAN EXPORTS SHELLED / METRIC TONS +7% over YEARS AVERAGE PECAN EXPORTS SHELLED / METRIC TONS Mexico, / 59% USA, / 40% South Africa, 320 / 1% Australia, 274 / 1% China, 207 / 1%

36 Pecans IMPORTS / SHELLED / METRIC TONS COUNTRY USA* Canada Netherlands** Mexico UK Israel France Korea Rep Germany China Japan Belgium Italy Switzerland Saudi Arabia UAE Spain New Zealand Australia South Africa Others Total Growth ( ) * Processing country ** Transit country 36