Geologic Mapping C Div

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1 C Div Thank you for running this event! This is a station event. There are 19 stations. If you have more than 19 teams, print a second set. If there are only one or two more teams than you have stations for, you can print the Rest Station found at the end of the test. Stations must be in COLOR. Station 4 has 2 pages. Each team will need a copy of the response sheet. Station 6 needs materials: 3 large marshmallows per team (not mini), have extra a Ziploc bag or envelope to put the marshmallows in to turn in with the test several sharpies, they might stop working from writing on the marshmallows If you are ambitious, you could pre-label the bags and marshmallows for the teams. Teams are allowed to bring ONLY the following materials into the event: one three-ring binder (any size) with information in any form from any source. The material must be 3-hole punched and inserted into the rings (notebook sleeves are allowable). one protractor and/or ruler, one non-programmable calculator, colored pencils, an equal-area projection stereonet with tracing paper and pin. A stereonet looks like this -----> Teams will have 2 minutes at each station. If a team finishes their station early they should work on the topographic profile on the first page of their response sheet.

2 Station 1 Use the cross section of the Caspian Sea pre-basin below to answer the following questions: 1. This area has well developed salt dome structures. There are more than 1,500 salt domes, covering 25-30% of the basin's area. It is difficult to drill through salt domes. Which oil field will the company have the easiest access to, West Dolinskaya, Yanvartsevskaya, or Chinarovskoye? 2. Drilling through more than 3 km of salt is hazardous. Can the drilling team safely drill through to the limestone layer at location UGS-3? 3. If the company s permit only allows them to drill to a depth of 5000 m, how many of the oil deposits can they reach? 4. The company s drill cannot drill through reefs without a special drilling fluid. Which of the drilling locations (UGS-3, P-12, P-9, P-10) will need the special fluid? List all that apply.

3 Station 2 Here is a list of characteristics of maps. For each, indicate which type of map has this characteristic: topographic or geologic or both or neither. 5. Designed to show geologic features 6. Designed to show ground contours and features 7. May contain stratigraphic contour lines 8. Use colors or symbols to represent different types of rock, fault lines, and other features. 9. Typically produced by US Geologic Survey. 10. Typically produced by individual states. 11. Useful for hiking 12. Show roads and buildings 13. Show strike and dip of features 14. Show features such as basins and saddles 15. Useful for planning long road trips

4 Station 3 Here is a topographic map. 16. The topographic profile from A to B is crossing what land feature? 17. The highest elevation on profile A to B is what? 18. The lowest elevation on profile A to B is what? 19. If you were looking at profile A to B with A on your left and B on your right, would the rivers be flowing towards you or away from you?

5 Station 4

6 Station 4 continued Use the Geology of Texas map on the previous page to answer the following questions. 20. As you move closer to the coast, do the geologic units get older or younger? 21. San Antonio is on the border between two geologic units. What are the 2 units? 22. What is the geologic era of the north side of San Antonio? 23. What geologic period is Corpus Christi in? 24. The name for where 2 geologic units are found next to each other is called a. 25. All lines marked on a geologic map are known with great certainty. True or False?

7 Station Match each side view image with the appropriate set of contour lines.

8 Station 6 Marshmallow Activity Write your school name and team (Varsity, JV1, etc) on a bag with the Sharpie. Take 3 marshmallows, and gently label them COMP, TEN, and SHEAR with the sharpie. 30. Take the marshmallow you labeled COMP and holding it by the ends, demonstrate compression strain. Do this well enough that the marshmallow retains some of its new shape. Make sure the marshmallow stays in one piece. 31. Take the marshmallow you labeled TEN and holding it by the ends, demonstrate tension strain. Do this well enough that the marshmallow retains some of its new shape. Make sure the marshmallow stays in one piece. 32. Take the marshmallow you labeled SHEAR and holding it by the ends, demonstrate shear strain. Do this well enough that the marshmallow retains some of its new shape. Make sure the marshmallow stays in one piece. When you are done, place all marshmallows in the bag to turn in with your test at the end of the event. DO NOT EAT THE MARSHMALLOWS!!

9 Station 7 Many kinds of rocks form in broad, flat layers, called beds, that stack up like the layers of a cake. In areas like northern Arizona, thick stacks of rock beds that have built up over millions of years remain in their original flat orientation (where they can be viewed as multicolored horizontal layers of rock that make up the spectacular walls of the Grand Canyon). In places like California near active plate boundaries, however, the forces that make earthquakes don t leave the beds flat for long, but bend and tilt them. 33. Tilted beds are shown with a symbol. This symbol consists of three parts: 34. A long line, called a line, 35. A short line, called a line, And a number. 36. The long line shows the direction of the beds. 37. The short line shows the way the bed is. 38. The number tells how much the bed is.

10 Station 8 The earth is comprised of layers like an onion. Name each of these layers using the mechanical model of the earth below (Layers not drawn to scale):

11 Station 9 An insurance company is estimating flood insurance rates for ten new houses waiting to be built. Houses outside of the floodplains have a standard rate of $317 per year. Houses in the 500 year floodplain have a slightly higher rate at $790 per year. Houses in the 100 year floodplain have the highest rate, at $2400 per year. 44. Which houses are in the 100 year floodplain? 45. House 2 can afford to spend $820 per year on flood insurance. Should they build at that location? 46. House 8 can only afford to spend $350 a year on flood insurance. Which locations could they move to?

12 Station Rocks formed when magma cools are called. 48. Rocks formed from depositions of eroded rock are called. 49. Rocks formed from other types of rock that have been subjected to heat and pressure, are called. 50. The law that states that rocks are always deposited in horizontal or nearly horizontal layers, although they may be disturbed later, is the Law of. 51. The law that says that in any sequence of rocks or sediments that has not been overturned the oldest layers will be at the bottom and the youngest layers at the top is the Law of. 52. The law that is based on the observation that sedimentary rock layers contain fossilized flora and fauna and that these fossils succeed each other vertically in a specific reliable order that can be identified over wide horizontal distances is called the Law of.

13 Station 11 Below are models of some geologic features. Please identify them. A B C D 53. Anticline 54. Syncline 55. Eroded Anticline 56. Eroded Syncline

14 Station 12 Match the fault type to the diagram: 57. Normal dip slip fault 58. Reverse Dip slip fault 59. Left lateral Strike-slip fault 60. Right lateral strike-slip fault 61. Oblique-slip fault A B C D E

15 Station 13 Identify these fold shapes. A C E G B D F H 62. Symmetrical anticline, upright 63. Symmetrical syncline, upright 64. Inclined anticline 65. Inclined syncline 66. Recumbent anticline 67. Recumbent syncline 68. Asymmetrical anticline 69. Asymmetrical syncline

16 Station 14 Examine this graphic and answer the questions. 70. What is the name of this type of graphic? 71. Which group of rocks are the oldest? 72. How old are they, in millions of years? 73. Which rocks are the youngest? 74. How old are they, in millions of years? 75. What law is used here?

17 Station 15 Examine this map and answer the questions. Order the rock types in the key as follows: 76. Oldest 77. Next oldest 78. Middle 79. Next youngest 80. Youngest 81. Based upon your knowledge of the age of the rocks, what is this geologic structural element?

18 Station 16 Put the layers/events above in order by when they happened from first to last First: E 82. Second: 83. Third: 84. Fourth: 85. Fifth: 86. Sixth: 87. Seventh: 88. Eighth: 89. Ninth: 90. Tenth: 91. Eleventh: 92. Twelfth: Last: F

19 Station 17 Match each image below with the appropriate word description. 93. Gentle slope on all sides. 94. Round hill with two peaks. 95. Steep south side. 96. Two peaks, with east side higher.

20 Station This topographic map is contoured in meters. What is the contour interval of this map? 98. Determine the gradient from point X to point Y. (show your work on response sheet)

21 STATION 19 Plate Tectonics Use the image above to answer the following questions: 99. The most earthquakes are happening along the edge of which two tectonic plates? 100. The motion between the eastern end of the South American and Caribbean Plate demonstrates what kind of boundary? 101. The hypocenters closest to the plate boundaries tend to be shallow or deep? (# ) The boundary where two different plates pull apart from one another, such as at latitude 20 N, longitude -83 W, is called a (102.) boundary. This is also a (103.) zone. (99-100) The boundary along the edge of the Cocos Plate is a (104.) boundary. This is also a (105.) zone.

22 GeoLogic Mapping Response Sheet School: Varsity JV1 JV2 JV3 JV4 Students: Whenever you finish a station early, work on this topographic profile (15 pts): Using the graph paper below, construct a topographic profile for the line A - A. Label both rivers and the ridge

23 Station Station Station Station TRUE or FALSE Station A B C D 27. A B C D 28. A B C D 29. A B C D Station 6 (Marshmallows) 30. Compression 31. Tension 32. Shear Station Station Station YES or NO 46. Station Station A B C D 54. A B C D 55. A B C D 56. A B C D Station A B C D E 58. A B C D E 59. A B C D E 60. A B C D E 61. A B C D E

24 Station Station 14 Station A B C D 94. A B C D 95. A B C D 96. A B C D Station (show work) Station Station Station

25 GeoLogic Mapping ANSWER KEY Tiebreaker: Best topographic profile score, then best Station 16, then best Station 4 1 point per answer, unless otherwise noted. A perfect score is 126. Whenever you finish a station early, work on this topographic profile: Using the graph paper below, construct a topographic profile for the line A - A. Label both rivers and the ridge Points as follows (15 pts max): 5 points for 15 data points (shown as red dots in key) in correct locations. 3 points for approximately correct shape of line connecting data points 1 point for highest point at ~795 ft (shown in purple) 1 point for lowest point at ~695 ft (shown in purple) 1 point for line entering West edge at ~735 ft 1 point for line exiting east edge at ~785 ft 3 points for river, ridge, and river marked and labeled (dots shown in purple)

26 Station 1 1. Chinarovskoye 2. No P-10 Station 2 5. Geologic 6. Topographic 7. Geologic 8. Both 9. Topographic 10. Geologic 11. Topographic 12. Topographic 13. Geologic 14. Topographic 15. Neither Station valley ft (acceptable range) ft (acceptable range) 19. away Station younger 21. quaternary undivided, Navarro and Taylor groups (either order) 22. Mesozoic 23. Quaternary 24. Contact 25. TRUE or FALSE Station A B C D 27. A B C D 28. A B C D 29. A B C D Station 6 (See images at end of key) 30. Compression 31. Tension 32. Shear Station strike and dip 34. strike 35. dip 36. (OMIT this question) 37. tilted or dipping 38. tilted or dipping Station crust 40. upper mantle 41. mantle 42. outer core 43. inner core Station , YES or NO 46. 3, 4, 5, 7, 9, 10 Station igneous 48. sedimentary 49. metamorphic 50. original horizontality 51. superposition 52. faunal succession Station A B C D 54. A B C D 55. A B C D 56. A B C D Station A B C D E 58. A B C D E 59. A B C D E 60. A B C D E 61. A B C D E

27 Station A 63. B 64. E 65. F 66. G or D 67. G or D 68. C 69. H Station Stratigraph 71. Vishnu Basement Rocks to Kaibab Formation Superposition Station pre-cambrian 77. Cambrian and ordovician 78. late Ordovician to carboniferous 79. cretaceous and paleogene 80. quaternary 81. dome Station G 83. L 84. C 85. H 86. M 87. D 88. J 89. A 90. N 91. K 92. B Station A B C D 94. A B C D 95. A B C D 96. A B C D Station m % 40/3000 = 1/75 = 1.3% (1 pt for calculation) Station Cocos Caribbean (either order) 100. transform 101. shallow 102. divergent 103. rift 104. convergent 105. subduction Marshmallow grading: 1 point for label, 1 point for shape per marshmallow Marshmallows don t hold their shape well, so if it looks like they tried to do something, give them credit.

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