Test Booklet. Subject: SC, Grade: 9- Quiz: Cell Processes. Student name:

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1 Test Booklet Subject: SC, Grade: 9- Quiz: Cell Processes Student name: Author: Jennifer Holm School: Lincoln High School Printed: Tuesday February 09, 2016

2 1 Which describes the cell theory? A Cells are the basic unit of structure for every living thing. B All living things are made up of many cells performing different functions. C All living things are made up of a single cell that performs different functions. D Cells contain hereditary information in DNA that is passed from cell to cell during division. 2 In the 19th century, scientists observed that plants and animals were composed of cells, and from this derived the cell theory. Today, cell biologists are making many new discoveries about cells at the molecular level. What technology do both groups have in common? A the telescope B sonic imaging C the microscope D x-ray photography 3 How is the cell membrane important to the process of osmosis? A It allows water to move into the cell. B It allows all materials from the outside environment to move into the cell. C It traps water and nutrients that would otherwise be unable to move into the cell. D It collects nutrients from water in the outside environment and moves them into the cell. 4 What is the role of cytoplasm in a living cell? A fight infections B digest proteins C surround organelles D pass on genetic information 5 Which statement describes how a plant cell s functions would change in the absence of a vacuole? A The cell would not be able to produce proteins. B The cell would lack energy to destroy foreign objects. C Fluid and wastes would not be stored within the cell. D Materials would not be transported between the nucleus and cell membrane. 6 How are plant and animal cells similar? A They both have flagella. B They both have a nucleus. C They both have an eyespot. D They both have chloroplasts. 7 A scientist examines a structure within a cell that contains a large amount of genetic material. Which statement best identifies this structure s function? A It controls cellular activities. B It stores food, water, and wastes. C It gives the cell shape and support. D It uses light energy to make sugars. 8 Even on a windy day, most plants can remain upright. Which structure plays the greatest role in providing a plant with this type of support? A nucleus B mitochondrion C cell wall D skeleton Page 1

3 9 Which of the following characteristics is unique to eukaryotic cells? A contain DNA arranged into chromosomes B filled with semi-transparent cytoplasm C contain ribosomes for protein synthesis D surrounded by a cell membrane 10 Which statement best describes a difference between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells? A The presence of both DNA and ribosomes in prokaryotic cells indicates that they are more complex than eukaryotic cells. B The larger size of prokaryotic cells indicates that they are more complex than eukaryotic cells. C The presence of membrane-bound organelles in eukaryotic cells indicates that they are more complex than prokaryotic cells. D The larger size of eukaryotic cells indicates that they are more complex than prokaryotic cells. 11 Living organisms can be classified as prokaryotes or eukaryotes. Which two structures are common to both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? A cell wall and nucleus B cell wall and chloroplast C plasma membrane and nucleus D plasma membrane and cytoplasm 12 What is the primary difference between diffusion and osmosis? A Diffusion requires energy input but osmosis does not. B Diffusion does not require energy input but osmosis does. C Diffusion is the movement of water from high to low concentration, while osmosis is the movement of any substance from high to low concentration. D Diffusion is the movement of any substance from high to low concentration, while osmosis is the movement of water from high to low concentration. 13 If a single-celled saltwater organism is placed in freshwater, it will not be able to survive. Which statement explains why this is true? A The organism s cell will absorb too much water through osmosis. B The organism s cell will release too many hydrogen ions through diffusion. C The organism s cell will release too much water through facilitated diffusion. D The organism s cell will absorb too many sodium ions through osmosis. 14 Which two transport mechanisms are considered to be passive? A diffusion and osmosis B diffusion and exocytosis C endocytosis and osmosis D exocytosis and endocytosis Page 2

4 15 Which matches a type of transport with its description? A Phagocytosis engulfing large particles into a cell B Pinocytosis expelling large amounts of liquid from the cell C Endocytosis releasing large amounts of material from the cell D Exocytosis taking materials into the cell by means of infoldings of the cell membrane 16 The illustrations below represent two different cells. Which of the following statements best identifies these two cells? A Cell X is a prokaryotic cell and cell Y is a eukaryotic cell. B Cell X is an archae cell and cell Y is a eubacterial cell. C Cell X is a red blood cell and cell Y is a muscle cell. D Cell X is a plant cell and cell Y is an animal cell. 17 An amoeba can take in a large food particle by surrounding it and creating a vacuole. What is this method of feeding called? A lysis B osmosis C exocytosis D phagocytosis 18 The diagram below shows how a paramecium maintains homeostasis. A paramecium normally lives in a hypotonic environment in which water continually diffuses into the cell. To maintain homeostasis, the paramecium must pump out large amounts of water using its contractile vacuole. If the paramecium is then placed in a hypertonic environment, which of the following will occur? A Water will diffuse into the paramecium. B Water will diffuse out of the paramecium. C Salt will be pumped out of the paramecium by the vacuole. D Salt will be pumped into the paramecium by the vacuole. 19 Molecules can cross cell membranes from areas of low concentration to areas of high concentration by binding with carrier proteins. What is this process called? A osmosis B endocytosis C active transport D facilitated diffusion 20 The channels in cell membranes that help substances to move in and out of cells during active transport are made of A protein. B chlorophyll. C cytoplasm. D carbohydrates. Page 3

5 21 An animal cell placed in a sugar solution is shown in the diagram below. Which statement best describes how osmosis will affect this animal cell? A Water will move out of the cell and the cell will shrink. B Water will move into the cell and the cell will expand. C Sugar will move out of the cell and the cell will expand. D Sugar will move into the cell and the cell will expand. 22 The diagrams show how carrier molecules allow passive and active transport. In the diagram of active transport, the letter X represents another molecule. This molecule provides energy for active transport but is not needed for passive transport. Which molecule is most likely represented by the letter X? A water B DNA C ATP D oxygen Page 4

6 23 What do the cell wall of a plant cell and the plasma membrane of an animal cell have in common? A They both are strong and rigid. B They both perform active transport. C They both consist of double layers of lipids. D They both allow particles to enter and exit the cell. 24 The diffusion of a substance into or out of a cell requires A a concentration gradient. B an active transport system. C a carrier molecule. D a functioning mitochondrion. 25 Use the diagrams to answer the question. The diagram shows the concentration of different molecules across a lipid bilayer. Which numbered diagram or diagrams represent active transport? A 1 only B 2 and 3 C 1 and 3 D 3 only Page 5

7 26 Prokaryotic cells are generally much smaller than eukaryotic cells. Part A: Identify a structural difference between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells that is directly related to their difference in size. Part B: Based on the structural difference, explain why prokaryotic cells can be much smaller than eukaryotic cells. Part C: Describe one similarity between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells that is independent of size. Page 6

8 27 Active and passive transport are very important to cell homeostasis. 1. Identify one type of passive transport and explain in detail how it occurs. 2. Identify one type of active transport and explain in detail how it occurs. BE SURE TO LABEL YOUR RESPONSES 1 AND 2. Page 7

9 28 Explain what will happen to the bag if it is allowed to stay in this solution. Support your answer with examples and details. Page 8

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