Civics EOC Exam Preparation

Transcription

1 Civics EOC Exam Preparation Welcome! Sit in groups of four at each table. Presenter Mr. Hough Do not doodle on the dry erase boards.

2 Topic The Three Branches of Government as Established in the U.S. Constitution

3 Benchmark Illustrate the structure and function (three branches of government established in Articles I, II, and III with corresponding powers) of government in the United States as established in the Constitution. SS.7.C.3.3

4 Benchmark Clarifications Students will recognize the structure of the legislative, executive, and judicial branches. Students will compare the roles and responsibilities of the three branches of the federal government. Students will identify the general powers described in Articles I, II, and III of the U.S. Constitution. SS.7.C.3.3

5 Content Limit Items will not include comparison of U.S. government to other forms of government. SS.7.C.3.3

6 Stimulus Attribute Items addressing the structure and function of the three branches of government may use historical and contemporary documents and other relevant stimuli (e.g., maps, timelines, charts, graphs, tables).

7 Content Focus Additional items may include, but are not limited to, the following: approval of presidential appointments, armed forces, coin and print money, concurrent powers, declare war, delegated powers, elastic clause, numerated powers, foreign relations, impeachment, implied powers, naturalization laws, necessary and proper, regulation of immigration, and regulation of trade.

8 The U.S. Capitol Where the U.S. Congress debates and passes laws.

9 Article I Purpose Created Congress: the legislative (law-making) branch of the federal government Congress is divided into 2 chambers (parts): the Senate, and the House of Representatives

10 Expressed (Written) Powers of Congress Create taxes (tax bills start in the House of Reps.) Regulate commerce with foreign nations and between the states Establish naturalization laws Establish post offices Create courts (other than the U.S. Supreme Court) Create and fund military forces Declare war against another country Coin and print money Senate: approve presidential nominations Senate: approve treaties To make laws that are necessary and proper for executing expressed powers; called implied powers; also know as the elastic clause (government stretches to do the job it needs to do)

11 Checks over Executive Branch Impeach (House) and convict (Senate) executive branch officials (president, vice-president, department heads, etc.) Override presidential veto with 2/3 majority vote (both houses) Senate: can reject presidential appointments Senate: can refuse to approve treaties Pass an Amendment (which president cannot veto) Check over Judicial Branch Impeach and convict judges Can reject appointment of judges Can pass an Amendment (which cannot be ruled unconstitutional)

12 Vice- President and President of the Senate: Joseph Biden (D) The Senate ( upper house) Each state has 2 senators (total = 100) Senators are elected every 6 years (1/3 every 2 years, in 3 classes ) To run for the Senate: 30 years old, citizen of the U.S. for nine years, resident of the state elected in The Vice-President of the U.S. is the President of the Senate; he votes only to break a tie When the Vice-President is not present, the President protempore is in charge Florida s senators: Bill Nelson and Marco Rubio President pro-tempore of the Senate: Dennis Leahy (D VT) <<< Bill Nelson (D FL) Marco Rubio (R - FL) >>>

13 House Speaker: John Boehner (R OH) House of Representatives ( lower house) Each state has a number of representatives based on its population; all get at least 1 (current total = 435) All representatives are elected every 2 years To run for the House: at least 25 years old, citizen of the U.S. for seven years, resident of the state and district elected in The leader of the House is called the Speaker Florida has 27 representatives Florida District 17 Rep.: Thomas Rooney (R FL)

14 The White House in Washington, D.C. Where the President lives and works.

15 Article II Purpose Created the offices of President and Vice-President: the executive (lawenforcing) branch of the federal government

16 Executive Branch Roles/Powers The President is Chief Executive: carries out the nation s laws; appoints heads of executive branch agencies Chief Diplomat: signs treaties with foreign countries (with the approval of the Senate) Head of State: receives foreign leaders, presides over official government ceremonies Commander in Chief: leads the nation s armed forces Legislative Leader: proposes new laws to Congress Economic Leader: creates the federal government s budget, encourages American business growth Party Leader: Assists fellow part members who are trying to get elected or reelected

17 Check over Legislative Branch Vetoes (forbids) laws passed by Congress Check over Judicial Branch Appoints federal judges (with the approval of the Senate)

18 The President President Barack Obama (D) Elected every 4 years; 22 nd Amendment states that a President can serve for two terms (8 years total) To run for President: must be a natural-born citizen, at least 35 years old, and a resident of the U.S. for 14 years

19 The Vice President Vice- President Joseph Biden (D) Elected with the President (12 th Amendment) To run for V.P. you must have the same qualifications as President If the President resigns, dies, or becomes incapable of performing their duties, the V.P. becomes President

20 The Supreme Court building in Washington, D.C. Where the Supreme Court hears arguments about and makes decisions on major legal cases.

21 Article III Purpose Created the U.S. Supreme Court: the judicial (lawinterpreting) branch of the federal government Other inferior federal courts are created by Congress

22 U.S. Supreme Court s Powers Final appellate court Judicial Review (established by the Judiciary Act of 1789 and in Marbury v. Madison): review acts of Congress, the President, and the states to determine their constitutionality Has original jurisdiction in cases that o Involve the United States as a party oinvolve state vs. state conflicts oinvolve ambassadors

23 Check over Legislative Branch Can declare acts of Congress unconstitutional Check over Executive Branch Can declare presidential actions unconstitutional

24 The Supreme Court Chief Justice John Roberts Made up of nine Justices (judges) One Chief Justice leads the Supreme Court with eight Associate Justices (number can change by law) To be a justice: you must be appointed by the President, and confirmed by a majority vote in the Senate Justices serve for life (as long as they do not break the law)

25 The reflecting pool next to the Washington Monument

26 Instructions 1. Rally Coach: a. One student reads a question out loud and then answers it (explain your answer, too). b. The other three students at the table agree or disagree with the answer. c. The table must come to a consensus. One an answer is agreed upon, write a brief statement under it explaining why your answer is correct. d. Students take turns as the reader.

27 Which part of the U.S. Constitution outlines legislative power? a. First Amendment b.bill of rights c. Preamble d.article I

28 The passage below is from a speech by President George W. Bush, March 19, On my orders, coalition forces have begun striking selected targets of military importance to undermine Saddam Hussein s ability to wage war. These are the opening stages of what will be a broad and concerted campaign. What constitutional power justifies the actions described in the passage? a. Commander-in-Chief b. Head of State c. Chief Legislator d. Chief Regulator

29 The following passage is from McCulloch v. Maryland (1819). If such be the mandate of the Constitution, we have only to obey; but that instrument does not profess to enumerate the means by which the powers it confers may be executed Which constitutional provision does this decision support? a. commerce clause b. judicial review c. habeas corpus d. elastic clause

30 Which list includes roles of the president? a. Chief Justice, Commander in Chief b. Commander in Chief, Chief Executive c. President pro tempore, Chief Executive d. Speaker of the House, Chief Justice

31 The statement below is from a congressional document, July 27, Richard M. Nixon has acted in a manner contrary to his trust as President and subversive of constitutional government, to the great prejudice of the cause of law and justice, and to the manifest injury of the people of the United States. How have similar statements influenced modern congressional actions? a. presidential impeachment b. presidential nomination c. presidential election d. presidential veto

32 The newspaper headline below describes an event in U.S. History. Daily News August 4, 2006 CYBERCRIME TREATY APPROVED What parts of the national government participated in the process described in this newspaper headline? a. Senate and President b. Supreme Court and President c. House of Representatives and Senate d. Supreme Court and House of Representatives

33 Which of the following is an expressed power of the U.S. Congress? a. Pass a bill to fund the printing of postage stamps for the U.S. Post Office b. Appoint an ambassador to the U.S. Embassy in Paris, France c. Declare war against a foreign country d. Review cases decided by the U.S. Supreme Court to determine their constitutionality