Establishment of emission factors for Danish organic soils (SINKS-7) - CH 4 and N 2 O emissions
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1 5 March 21 Establishment of emission factors for Danish organic soils (SINKS-7) - CH 4 and N 2 O emissions Aarhus University Dept. Freshwater Ecology - Dept. Agroecology and Environment præsen TATION
2 5 March 21 Background CH 4 emissions from managed organic soils Not considered by IPCC (use of peatlands typically involves drainage) DK approach: The same 2
3 5 March 21 Methane from managed organic soils Effects of water level and aerenchymous plants (shunts) Couwenberg, 29 3
4 5 March 21 Methane from managed organic soils Effects of water level and aerenchymous plants (shunts) Couwenberg, 29 4
5 5 March 21 Flux measurements (Sept 8-Oct 9) Methane, individual scaling Methane (µg CH 4 m -2 h -1 ) 2 Potato (L4) Permanent grassland (L5) Grass in rotation (L3) Methane (µg CH 4 m -2 h -1 ) : Barley, 29: Grass (L8) Permanent grassland (L6) : Grass, 29: Barley (L7) Methane (µg CH 4 m -2 h -1 ) Barley (L1) 5-5 Meadow (L2) I. Skjern II. St. Vildmose III. Mørke
6 5 March 21 Accumulated emissions of CH 4 Estimated by linear interpolation 5 4 Potato (L4) Perm. grass (L5) Grass, rotation (L3) kg CH 4 ha Spring barley, grass undersown (L8) Spring barley (L1) Block 1 8 Block 2 1 Block 3 12 Continuous Perm. grass (L6) Perm. grass (L2) Græs - byg m. udlæg (L7) L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 L6 L7 L8 6
7 5 March 21 Background N 2 O emissions from managed organic soils 4 IPCC recommended approach: N 2 O-N OS = F OS,CG x EF CG Tier 1: EF CG,Temp = 8 kg N 2 O-N ha -1 yr -1 (uncertainty range 2-24) 4 Danish approach: Indirect, via C emission factor and C:N ratio Gyldenkærne et al., 25 7
8 5 March 21 Background N 2 O emissions from managed organic soils, DK Carbon Drained, Drained, Wet, Wet, balance shallow peat deep peat shallow peat deep peat t C ha -1 yr -1 Arable crops 5 8 Grass in rotation 5 8 Perm. grassland Y =.3575x C:N Average C:N = 2 used SOC (%) Gyldenkærne et al., 25 8
9 5 March 21 Site characteristics Soil organic C vs. C:N ratio (-3 cm) C:N ratio, -3 cm depth I. Skjern II. St. Vildmose III. Mørke y =.34x r 2 =.72 Lattergas (µg N 2 O m -2 h -1 ) Lattergas (µg N Lattergas (µg N 2 O m -2 h -1 2 O m -2 h -1 ) ) Lattergas 6 Kartofler (L4) Byg m. udlæg - græs (L8) Vårbyg-helsæd (L1) Lattergas (µg N 2 O m -2 h -1 ) Lattergas (µg N Lattergas (µg N 2 O m -2 h -1 2 O m -2 h -1 ) ) 6 Perm. græs (L5) Perm. græs (L6) Perm. græs (L2) Lattergas (µg N Lattergas (µg N 2 O m -2 h -1 2 O m -2 h -1 ) ) 6 Græs, omdrift (L3) Græs - byg m. udlæg (L7) Figur. xx. Lattergas... Øverste panel repræsenterer lokaliteterne i St. Vildmose, midterste panel Mørke, og nederste panel lokaliteterne ved Skjern. Venstre kolonne udgøres af marker i omdrift, midterste kolonne af permanente græsmarker, og højre kolonne af græsmarker i omdrift Soil organic C (%) 9
10 5 March 21 Flux measurements (Sept 8-Oct 9) Nitrous oxide Nitrous oxide (µg N 2 O m -2 h -1 ) 6 5 Potato (L4) Nitrous oxide (µg N 2 O m -2 h -1 ) 6 Perm. grass (L5) 5 4 Grazed in Nitrous oxide (µg N 2 O m -2 h -1 ) 6 Grass, rotation (L3) 5 4 Grazed in Nitrous oxide (µg N 2 O m -2 h -1 ) 6 5 Spring barley, grass undersown (L8) Nitrous oxide (µg N 2 O m -2 h -1 ) 6 5 Perm. grass (L6) 4 Grazed in Nitrous oxide (µg N 2 O m -2 h -1 ) 6 5 Grass, spring barley (L7) 4 Slurry in Nitrous oxide (µg N 2 O m -2 h -1 ) 6 5 Spring barley (L1) Nitrous oxide (µg N 2 O m -2 h -1 ) 6 5 Perm. grass (L2) 4 No N inputs I. Skjern II. St. Vildmose III. Mørke 1
11 5 March 21 Supporting data N 2 O dissolved in groundwater 11
12 5 March 21 Accumulated emissions of N 2 O Interaction between mineralized N and GWL? Potato (L4) Perm. grass (L5) Grass, rotation (L3) Spring barley, grass undersown (L8) Perm. grass (L6) Græs - byg m. udlæg (L7) Spring barley (L1) 4 6 Block 1 8 Block 2 1 Block 3 12 Continuous Perm. grass (L2)
13 5 March 21 Accumulated emissions of N 2 O Estimated by linear interpolation kg N 2 O ha L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 L6 L7 L8 13
14 5 March 21 Accumulated emissions of N 2 O and CH 4 Estimated from linear interpolation 4 3 t CO 2 eq ha L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 L6 L7 L8 14
15 5 March 21 Conclusions Emissions of CH 4 and N 2 O Without aerenchymous plants the CH 4 flux of these drained organic soils constituted a small drain or sink stimulated by shallow GW Where present, the CH 4 balance was dominated by emissions mediated by Juncus effusus. Important to obtain information about abundance and effects of soil conditions such as GW level Highest N 2 O emissions from cultivated organic soils A significant part of N 2 O may be produced in the saturated zone Mechanism? Perhaps a sudden increase in soil moisture/gwl following mineral N accumulation.
16 5 March 21 Methane from managed organic soils Effects of water level and aerenchymous plants (shunts) 2 Perm. grass (L5) Perm. grass (L6)
17 5 March 21 Methane from managed organic soils Effects of water level and aerenchymous plants (shunts) 2 Perm. grass (L5) Perm. grass (L6) Metan (µg CH 4 m -2 h -1 ) Metan (µg CH 4 m -2 h -1 ) 3 2 Perm. græs (L5) Perm. græs (L6) µg CH 4 m -2 h -1 = 88 kg CH 4 ha -1 yr -1 17
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