Co-existence of Wireless LAN and Cellular Henry Haverinen Senior Specialist Nokia Enterprise Solutions

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1 Co-existence of Wireless LAN and Cellular Henry Haverinen Senior Specialist Nokia Enterprise Solutions Nokia city_wlan_2005_haverinen.ppt / / HH

2 Outline Key use cases of integrating Wireless LAN and Cellular Status of multi-access in the market Standardization Conclusions Nokia city_wlan_2005_haverinen.ppt / / HH

3 Wireless LAN Technology Characteristics Key Benefits High bandwidth Low delay Low price Low power consumption per bit Challenges Geographically focused, limited and scattered coverage Low mobility Heterogeneous for example security solutions vary a lot Different settings required in different networks Power efficiency when always on Not well suited for outdoor usage Nokia city_wlan_2005_haverinen.ppt / / HH

4 Wireless LAN Technology Characteristics Key Benefits High bandwidth Low delay Low price Low power consumption per bit Challenges Geographically focused, limited and scattered coverage Low mobility Heterogeneous for example security solutions vary a lot Different settings required in different networks Power efficiency when always on Not well suited for outdoor usage Wireless LAN and Cellular can be seen as complementing technologies Nokia city_wlan_2005_haverinen.ppt / / HH

5 Enterprise Usage Examples 1. Enterprise Wireless LAN WLAN network in the enterprise premises Stay connected in meeting rooms Fast and inexpensive & synchronization Voice over Wireless LAN 2. Working from home WLAN-enabled broadband access at home Use enterprise services over VPN stay connected, fast and inexpensive & synchronization Use voice over Wireless LAN operator hosted (improved coverage or reduced cost) Use enterprise voice-related services from home 3. Public hotspots Wireless LAN coverage at public venues Subscription based or temporary service Roaming with home operator or enterprise credentials Nokia city_wlan_2005_haverinen.ppt / / HH

6 Consumer Usage Examples 1. Home & proximity services Copy media between mobile device and fixed home device Direct device-to-device media sharing Display or stream media to a remote renderer Proximity printing 2. Internet services Upload/download media Online photo print order with large attachments Voice over IP at home or in a public hotspot Online peer-to-peer media sharing Nokia city_wlan_2005_haverinen.ppt / / HH

7 Outline Key use cases and benefits of integrating Wireless LAN and Cellular Status of multi-access in the market Standardization Conclusions Nokia city_wlan_2005_haverinen.ppt / / HH

8 Enterprise Wireless LAN Takes Off Enterprise deployment is increasing General-purpose connectivity alternative especially in small offices Vertical usage is emerging (education, retail, healthcare, manufacturing) Technology trends Cisco Systems has a significant market share and influences the technology via the Cisco Compatibility extensions program (CCX) Voice services gaining traction => WiFi Multimedia (WMM), 5 GHz (802.11a), fast access point handovers Integration of cellular voice and voice over wireless LAN first based on circuitswitched cellular calls to enterprise handover server Security solutions still fragmented (WiFi Protected Access or VPNs, authentication methods) Radio resource measurements and control Switch/ thin architectures versus fat architectures Terminal integrity checks (admit verified terminals only) Nokia city_wlan_2005_haverinen.ppt / / HH

9 Home Deployment WLAN penetration into the broadband home is projected to increase Today, home WLANs are mainly used to connect multiple PCs to a broadband connection integration of WLAN into multimedia devices coming next Technology trends Ease of use, initiatives ongoing to help the configuration of security and other settings High speeds sometimes with proprietary variants of IEEE technologies Voice services, but technology requirements are not as demanding as in the enterprise Integration to consumer electronics Nokia city_wlan_2005_haverinen.ppt / / HH

10 Wireless LAN Subscription vs. Short-term Service Trend towards long-term subscription Wireless LAN roaming market is developing, roaming agreements being made Enterprises may subscribe in order to cut costs via centralized purchase of Wireless LAN access Long-term subscription enhances usability. Current short-term service solutions are hard to use, for example you may need to enter credit card information manually Long-term subscription enables seamless roaming Mobile operators want to complement their data offering via long-term Wireless LAN subsciptions Nokia city_wlan_2005_haverinen.ppt / / HH

11 Wireless LAN Subscription vs. Short-term Service Trend towards long-term subscription Wireless LAN roaming market is developing, roaming agreements being made Enterprises may subscribe in order to cut costs via centralized purchase of Wireless LAN access Long-term subscription enhances usability. Current short-term service solutions are hard to use, for example you may need to enter credit card information manually Long-term subscription enables seamless roaming Mobile operators want to complement their data offering via long-term Wireless LAN subsciptions Trend towards short-term service E.g. hotels and convention centers may provide give-away Wireless LAN for their customers Wireless LAN is becoming a cost of doing business Nokia city_wlan_2005_haverinen.ppt / / HH

12 End-user Products Emerging Several Wireless LAN Cellular multiaccess PC cards are available High-end smartphones such as Nokia 9500, Nokia N91 Wireless LAN capabilities are integrated in different types of mobile devices All these devices support SIM authentication in wireless LAN: Nokia city_wlan_2005_haverinen.ppt / / HH

13 Multi-Access Operator Services Emerging Many mobile operators are also Wireless LAN operators First combined multiaccess services are emerging Nokia city_wlan_2005_haverinen.ppt / / HH

14 Outline Key use cases of integrating Wireless LAN and Cellular Status of multi-access in the market Standardization Conclusions Nokia city_wlan_2005_haverinen.ppt / / HH

15 The Role of Standardization Open standards have traditionally been important to the success of cellular systems Convergence brings more parties, more interdependencies and more complexity to the picture The portion of the functionality defined by a single systems standard is decreasing Nobody can define the ultimate multi-access system architecture A single device must implement several separate standards Standards bodies refer to each other s specifications Open standards are still important for interoperability Nokia city_wlan_2005_haverinen.ppt / / HH

16 Wireless LAN Cellular Standardisation A Big Picture Charging System HLR Operator-2-Operator HLR: Home Location Register QoS: Quality of Service AAA: Authentication, Authorization, Accounting EAP: Extensible Authentication Protocol Mobile IP Home Agent Authentication Server 3GPP, 3GPP2 GSM Association System Architecture WLAN service profile Billing/roaming Mobile Operator Services Access Point AAA Proxy Access Point Access Point IETF IEEE WFA Authentication, Authorization Accounting ISP roaming (Radius, Diameter) Authentication Methods: EAP Mobile IP, QoS Authentication Access Control Air Interface Security QoS Nokia city_wlan_2005_haverinen.ppt / / HH

17 3GPP WLAN Interworking Scenarios (3GPP TR ) 1. Common Billing and Customer Care Out of scope for 3GPP 2. Common Access Control and Charging SIM and USIM based network access authentication, authorization, accounting. Network selection Release 6 3. Access to 3GPP Packet-Switched Services VPN tunnels to operator services (IMS); operator-hosted enterprise VPN Release 6 4. Service Continuity Sessions survive as terminal moves between cellular and WLAN Technical solution open Mobile IP is a strong candidate 5. Seamless Mobility Minimize packet loss and handoff delay 6. Access to 3GPP Circuit-Switched Services No use case recognized Nokia city_wlan_2005_haverinen.ppt / / HH

18 3GPP WLAN Reference Model 3GPP Home Network Intranet / Internet SLF HSS HLR Dw Wx D' / Gr' Wf Offline Charging System WLAN Access Network Wa 3GPP AAA Server Wo OCS Wz WLAN UE Ww Wn Wg Wm Wy WAG Wp PDG Wi Wu WLAN 3GPP IP Access Non-roaming case Source: 3GPP TS Nokia city_wlan_2005_haverinen.ppt / / HH Abbreviations UE: User Equipment SLF: Subscription Locator Function HSS: Home Subscription Server HLR: Home Location Register AAA: Authentication, Authorization, Accounting OCS: Online Charging System WAG: WLAN Access Gateway PDG: Packet Data Gateway

19 Other Relevant Work in 3GPP and 3GPP2 3GPP IP Multimedia Subsystem, and its access independence Interworking of Circuit-Switched services and IMS 3GPP2 (CDMA) Similar WLAN scenarios as in 3GPP Already working on scenario 4 IMS Nokia city_wlan_2005_haverinen.ppt / / HH

20 Unlicensed Mobile Access The Unlicensed Mobile Access (UMA) forum is a telecom industry co-operation A GSM interworking solution for unlicensed radios (Wireless LAN, Bluetooth) The work has been transferred from the UMA forum to 3GPP s GSM/EDGE Radio Access Network (GERAN) work Basic idea: tunnel GSM protocols between terminal and UMA network controller From the point of view of the GSM network, UMA access looks like a base station subsystem WLAN can be considered an alternative radio access network, connected to the cellular core The services provided by UMA are exactly the same as the traditional GSM services, including voice, supplementary voice services, SMS, MMS, WAP etc. Handovers between UMA and GSM are supported. An important application for UMA is to extend the GSM coverage in U.S. residential areas UMA is expected to be relevant mainly in the short term Nokia city_wlan_2005_haverinen.ppt / / HH

21 Unlicensed Mobile Access Architecture Source: Nokia city_wlan_2005_haverinen.ppt / / HH

22 Outline Key use cases of integrating Wireless LAN and Cellular Status of multi-access in the market Standardization Conclusions Nokia city_wlan_2005_haverinen.ppt / / HH

23 Conclusions IP Mobility for data Mobile VPN (scen 3) SIM Authentication (Scen 2) Cellular-WLAN PC Card Data Smartphone Proprietary consumer VoIP Proprietary enterprise VoIP UMA Standard-based Operator VoIP IP-based handovers for voice Enterprise voice handovers to cellular Integration of wireless LAN and cellular is in its infancy Integration happens in phases, and on different tracks Nokia city_wlan_2005_haverinen.ppt / / HH

24 Thank You Nokia city_wlan_2005_haverinen.ppt / / HH

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