Name Class Date. physical property solid liquid

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1 2.1 MATTER SECTION REVIEW Objectives Identify the characteristics of matter and substances Differentiate among the three states of matter Define physical property and list several common physical properties of substances Key Terms matter mass substance physical property solid liquid gas vapor physical change Part A Completion Use this completion exercise to check your understanding of the concepts and terms that are introduced in this section. Each blank can be completed with a term, short phrase, or number. Chemistry is a natural science that deals with 1 and 1. the changes it undergoes. Matter is anything that has 2 and 2. occupies 3. Matter exists in three states, 4, 5, 3. and A solid has a definite 7 and 8. A liquid has a 5. definite volume, but takes the 9 of its container. A takes both the shape and volume of its container. 7. Part B True-False Classify each of these statements as always true, AT; sometimes true, ST; or never true, NT Matter has mass and occupies space. 12. A liquid has a definite shape. 13. Heating a solid to 200 C will cause it to become a liquid. 14. Liquids have a density greater than 1 g/cm 3. Review Module / Chapters

2 Part C Matching Match each description in Column B to the correct term in Column A. Column A Column B matter mass substance physical property solid liquid gas vapor physical change a. a quality or condition of a substance that can be observed or measured without changing the substance s composition b. matter that assumes both the shape and volume of its container c. matter that has a uniform and definite composition d. anything that has mass and takes up space e. matter that has a definite volume and takes the shape of its container f. alteration of a material without changing its chemical composition g. gaseous state of a substance that generally exists as a liquid or solid at room temperature h. matter that has a definite shape and volume i. the amount of matter that an object contains Part D Questions and Problems Answer the following questions in the space provided. 24. Classify each of the following as a solid, liquid, gas, or vapor. a. steam a. b. filtered apple juice b. c. gasoline c. d. hockey puck d. e. air e. 25. State whether or not each of the following is a physical change. a. melting butter a. b. shattering a window b. c. burning gasoline c. d. boiling water d. 30 Review Module / Chapters 1 4

3 2.2 MIXTURES SECTION REVIEW Objectives Categorize a sample of matter as a substance or a mixture Distinguish between homogeneous and heterogeneous samples of matter Key Terms mixture heterogeneous mixture homogeneous mixture Part A Completion solutions phase distillation Use this completion exercise to check your understanding of the concepts and terms that are introduced in this section. Each blank can be completed with a term, short phrase, or number. A physical combination of two or more substances is a A mixture has a variable composition and may be identified as 2. 2 or 3. Homogeneous mixtures are known as 4 3. and have uniform properties. Any part of a system with uniform 4. composition and properties is called a Many mixtures can be separated into their 6 by physical 6. methods. 7 is a method of separation involving boiling and 7. re-condensation of a liquid. Part B True-False Classify each of these statements as always true, AT; sometimes true, ST; or never true, NT. 8. Homogeneous mixtures can be separated by distillation. 9. A solution has a uniform composition. 10. A heterogeneous mixture contains two or more phases. 11. A phase contains a single substance. Review Module / Chapters

4 Part C Matching Match each description in Column B to the correct term in Column A. Column A Column B mixture heterogeneous mixture homogeneous mixture solution phase distillation a. a mixture that has a completely uniform composition b. any part of a system that has uniform composition and properties c. a mixture which is not uniform in composition d. separation of a liquid solution by boiling and recondensation e. a special name for a homogeneous mixture f. a physical blend of two or more substances Part D Questions and Problems Answer each of the following questions in the space provided. 18 State whether each of the following is a homogeneous or heterogeneous mixture. a. oxygen dissolved in water a. b. carbon mixed with sand b. c. filtered apple juice c. d. vegetable soup d. e. fresh squeezed lemonade e. 19. Classify each of the following as a substance or a mixture. a. sugar (sucrose) a. b. hot tea b. c. salt (sodium chloride) c. d. vinegar d. 32 Review Module / Chapters 1 4

5 2.3 ELEMENTS AND COMPOUNDS SECTION REVIEW Objectives Explain the difference between an element and a compound Identify the chemical symbols of common elements, and name common elements, given their symbols Key Terms elements compounds chemical symbol Part A Completion Use this completion exercise to check your understanding of the concepts and terms that are introduced in this section. Each blank can be completed with a term, short phrase, or number. A pure substance is either a(n) 1 or a(n) Compounds are made up of 3, which are always present in 2. the same 4 in a given compound. Compounds can be 3. separated into their constituent elements only by 5 reaction. 4. Each element is represented by a one or two letter For example, carbon is represented by the symbol 7, while 6. potassium is represented by the symbol Part B True-False Classify each of these statements as always true, AT; sometimes true, ST; or never true, NT. 9. Heating a chemical compound produces elements. 10. Compounds can be broken down into elements by physical means Elements are the simplest forms of matter that can exist under normal conditions. 12. Each element is represented by a chemical symbol. Review Module / Chapters

6 Part C Matching Match each description in Column B to the correct term in Column A. Column A Column B elements compounds mixture chemical symbol a. substances that can be separated into simpler substances only by chemical means b. a physical blend of two or more substances c. a one- or two-letter representation for an element d. simplest forms of matter that can exist under normal conditions Part D Questions and Problems Answer the following questions in the space provided. 17. Classify each substance as an element or a compound. a. water a. b. oxygen b. c. table salt c. d. alcohol d. e. mercury e. 18. Write the chemical symbols for each of the following elements. a. lithium a. b. argon b. c. sodium c. d. chlorine d. e. sulfur e. 19. Name the chemical elements represented by the following symbols. a. Cu a. b. H b. c. Ag c. d. F d. e. N e. 34 Review Module / Chapters 1 4

7 2.4 CHEMICAL REACTIONS SECTION REVIEW Objectives Differentiate between physical and chemical changes in matter Apply the law of conservation of mass Key Terms chemical reaction reactants products chemical property law of conservation of mass Part A Completion Use this completion exercise to check your understanding of the concepts and terms that are introduced in this section. Each blank can be completed with a term, short phrase, or number. Compounds can be separated into their constituent elements 1. only by 1 reaction. A change in the properties of a substance 2. without a change in the composition is a 2 change. If the 3. composition changes, then a 3 reaction has occurred. In a 4. chemical reaction, 4 are converted to products changes are often reversible; many 6 changes are not easily 6. reversible. The law of 7 states that mass is neither created nor 7. destroyed in any physical or chemical reaction. In other words, the 8. 8 of matter is unchanged during any physical or chemical reaction. Part B True-False Classify each of these statements as always true, AT; sometimes true, ST; or never true, NT. 9. A physical change is reversible. 10. In a chemical reaction, reactants are changed into products. 11. The amount of matter present appears to change during a chemical reaction. Review Module / Chapters

8 12. Matter can be created during a chemical reaction. 13. Substances formed in a chemical reaction are called reactants. Part C Matching Match each description in Column B to the correct term in Column A. Column A Column B chemical reaction reactants products chemical property a. matter is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction b. starting substances in a chemical reaction c. ability of a substance to undergo chemical reaction and form new substances d. substances formed in a chemical reaction 18. law of conservation of mass e. process in which one or more substances change into new substances Part D Questions and Problems Answer the following questions in the space provided. 19. When 400 grams of wood are burned, 30 grams of ash remain. What happened to the missing 370 g of matter? 20. Some car batteries give off a potentially explosive mixture of gases. What kind of change is taking place in the battery? grams of methane gas combine with 64 grams of oxygen to form 44 grams of carbon dioxide, plus water. What mass of water is produced? 36 Review Module / Chapters 1 4