CHAPTER-LEVEL ACTIVITIES: What Do You Know? KWL Chart... 2 Vocabulary Builder Activity... 2 Hands-On Chapter Project: Toward Civil War...

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1 Table of Contents CHAPTER-LEVEL ACTIVITIES: What Do You Know? KWL Chart... 2 Vocabulary Builder Activity... 2 Hands-On Chapter Project: Toward Civil War... 2 LESSON-LEVEL ACTIVITIES: Guided Reading: Lesson 1 The Search for Compromise... 3 Guided Reading: Lesson 2 Challenges to Slavery... 4 Guided Reading: Lesson 3 Secession and War... 5 Geography and History Activity: Lesson 1 Understanding Region: Expansion of Slavery... 5 Primary Source Activity: Lesson 2 Speaking on Slavery st Century Skills Activity: Lesson 3 Critical Thinking and Problem Solving: Distinguishing Fact from Opinion... 6 Page 1

2 CHAPTER WORKSHEETS What Do You Know? KWL Chart What I Know: Answers will vary. What I Want to Know: Answers will vary. What I Learned: Answers will vary. Vocabulary Builder Activity A. Content Vocabulary 1. fugitive 2. martyr 3. states rights 4. secede 5. civil war 6. arsenal B. Academic Vocabulary 1. manage, control 2. group, interconnected system 3. firm, unbending, stiff 4. theme, issue, subject 5. give reasons for, defend 6. refuse, turn down C. Combined Vocabulary Reinforcement 1. f 2. d 3. c 4. h 5. i 6. b 7. a 8. e 9. g Hands-On Chapter Project Toward Civil War Worksheet 1: Project Plan The army I ve selected: Students should select either the Confederate Army or the Union Army. Due Date: The due date will be assigned by the instructor.

3 Worksheet 2: Creating a Bibliography Students sources should reflect their project and be formatted correctly. Worksheet 3: Assessment Rubric Students self-assessment will be based on their opinions about their performance during the project. LESSON WORKSHEETS Guided Reading: Lesson 1 The Search for Compromise Political Conflict Over Slavery David Wilmont Possible answer: Wilmot proposed banning slavery in any lands acquired from Mexico. The South opposed Wilmot's plan. John C. Calhoun Possible answer: Senator Calhoun, of South Carolina, argued that neither Congress nor any territorial government could ban or regulate slavery. Free-Soil Party Possible answer: The Free-Soil Party opposed slavery and gained seats in Congress. Underground Railroad Possible answer: People who were part of the Underground Railroad helped runaway slaves get to freedom. 1. Possible answer: Whenever a new state was added, it could be a slave state or a free state. Each state had two votes in the Senate. Neither pro-slavery nor antislavery groups wanted the other side to have more votes in Congress. The Kansas-Nebraska Act 1. c, a, d, b 2. Possible answer: The border ruffians were armed gangs who crossed the border from Missouri just to vote in Kansas s first election so they could make slavery legal. 3. Student answers should include facts such as an antislavery group setting up a rival government when slavery was made legal in Kansas, both sides being armed, slavery supporters burning buildings in Lawrence, and the retaliation killings by Brown. 4. Possible answers: Yes; they thought the election of the pro-slavery government was illegal because so many people came from Missouri to vote in the election. No; if they disagreed with the state government, they should have tried to win the next election. Page 3

4 Guided Reading: Lesson 2 Challenges to Slavery Birth of the Republican Party 1. True 2. False - In the 1854 election, Republicans won several seats in the House of Representatives from Northern states. 3. False - James Buchanan, a diplomat and former congressman, was nominated for president by the Democratic Party in True 5. True 6. True 7. False - Frémont carried 11 of the 16 free states but not a single electoral vote south of the Mason-Dixon line. Dred Scott v. Sandford Possible chart responses: Entry Dred Scott (the person) The Dred Scott case The Supreme Court justice who wrote the Court s ruling The Supreme Court s ruling Impact of the Decision Details sold as a slave to a doctor; moved with the doctor and lived in free territory; returned to a slave state; thought he should be free Dred Scott sued for his freedom on the grounds that he had lived in free territory so he must be free. The case went all the way to the Supreme Court. Chief Justice Roger B. Taney Scott was not a citizen and had no right to bring a lawsuit; An enslaved person is property, and property may not be taken away without due process of law. Southerners were pleased because it upheld their belief that nothing could legally stop slavery. Antislavery groups called the decision the greatest crime ever committed in the nation s courts. Lincoln and Douglas 1. Stephen A. Douglas; Abraham Lincoln 2. slavery 3. An arsenal is a storage area for weapons. 4. Students should include that Brown hoped to get arms for enslaved African Americans when he attacked the arsenal; that more than half of his group, including two of his sons, died in the fighting; that the group was captured by Robert E. Lee s troops. 5. No; because it did not spark an uprising of enslaved people in Virginia, and the attack was crushed by federal troops.

5 6. Some antislavery Northerners did not like his use of violence; others saw Brown as a martyr. 7. Brown s abolitionist connections made some Southerners believe Northerners were in a conspiracy against them. Guided Reading: Lesson 3 Secession and War The 1860 Election 1. Steven A. Douglas/Northern Democrat/popular sovereignty; John C. Breckinridge/Southern Democrat/pro-slavery; John Bell/Constitutional Union/no position on slavery; Abraham Lincoln/Republican/leave slavery alone where it existed but ban it in the territories. 2. Lincoln 3. Answers will vary. Possible answer: Northern Republicans: because they had just won an election on the principle that they would stop the spread of slavery; Southerners: because they rejected any plan to hold back the spread of slavery or try to keep it in just one region. Fighting at Fort Sumter 1. Fort Sumter was a U.S. fort on an island that guarded the harbor; Charleston, South Carolina. 2. d, f, b, e, c, a 3. Possible answers: No; he sent them into a trap because the commander told Lincoln the Confederates were there and wanted the fort to surrender. Yes; Lincoln set up the Confederates so they had to make the first move, and he could not be blamed for starting the war. 4. Possible answer: They did not want war, but once shots were fired they felt they had to choose sides and had more in common with other Southerners. 5. Answers might include: No; the differences between them were too great. Yes; if slavery was slowly abolished and the government helped slaveholders find inexpensive labor or made adjustments to the Crittenden plan. Geography and History Activity: Lesson 1 Understanding Region: Expansion of Slavery 1. Possible answer: The line was placed in the southern area of the United States to limit slavery to the southern region where it already existed. 2. Possible answer: Some areas north of the Missouri Compromise line were now open to slavery because of the Compromise of California and the territories of Washington and Oregon were classified as free areas. 4. The territory was in the South and almost surrounded by slave states, so it would most likely become a slave state. 5. Answers might include: The area had been made up of free states for this entire period, so it s likely there was little dispute about the existence of slavery.

6 6. Possible answers: It grew. Except for Oregon and California, most of the West was opened to slavery as a result of the Dred Scott decision. Primary Source Activity: Lesson 2 Speaking on Slavery 1. The founding fathers left the nation divided into free states and slave states, and they left each State free to do as it pleased on the subject of slavery. 2. Lincoln states first, that slavery itself is monstrously unjust, and second, that it forces many good people into a conflict with the very basic principles of civil liberty. 3. It is a fact; someone can prove whether or not the hills in New Hampshire are made of granite rock. 4. Answers might include: Lincoln wants to get rid of slavery completely, and Douglas wants to leave the decision up to the people in each state. Douglas believes there can never be a uniform rule for all states; Lincoln thinks slavery is so divisive that there should be a rule against it. 5. Answers might include: Yes; he argues that the founders accepted the idea that each state was sovereign and should make its own rules about slavery. No, because many things had changed since the nation was founded. 21st Century Skills Activity: Lesson 3 Critical Thinking and Problem Solving: Distinguishing Fact from Opinion 1. F 2. O 3. F 4. O 5. F 6. O 7. F 8. F 9. O Applying the Skill 1-5. Answers will vary. Accept any example that is really a fact that makes sense. Answers will vary. Accept any example that is really an opinion that makes sense. Page 6

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