WWII Test - HONORS. 1. As a result of Franklin Roosevelt's unwillingness to support the London Conference,

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1 WWII Test - HONORS 1. As a result of Franklin Roosevelt's unwillingness to support the London Conference, a. inflation in the United States was reduced. b. the United States was voted out of the League of Nations. c. the trend towards extreme nationalism was strengthened. d. the United States began to pull out of the Depression. 2. In promising to grant the Philippines independence, the United States was motivated by a. treaty obligations. b. doubts about the islands' potential profitability. c. the view that the islands were militarily indefensible. d. the realization that the islands were economic liabilities. 3. President Franklin Roosevelt's foreign-trade policy a. lowered tariffs to increase trade. b. encouraged trade only with Latin America. c. continued the policy that had persisted since the Civil War. d. was reversed only after World War II. 4. Throughout most of the 1930s, the American people responded to the aggressive actions of Germany, Italy, and Japan by a. assisting their victims with military aid. b. giving only economic help to the targets of aggression. c. retreating further into isolationism. d. demanding an oil embargo on all warring nations. 5. By the mid-1930s, there was strong nationwide agitation for a constitutional amendment to a. increase the size of the Supreme Court. b. limit a president to two terms. c. ban arm sales to foreign nations. d. forbid a declaration of war by Congress unless first approved by a popular referendum. 6. From 1925 to 1940 the transition of American policy on arms sales to warring nations followed this sequence: a. embargo to lend-lease to cash-and-carry. b. cash-and-carry to lend-lease to embargo. c. lend-lease to cash-and-carry to embargo. d. embargo to cash-and-carry to lend-lease. 7. Franklin Roosevelt's sensational "Quarantine Speech" resulted in a. immediate British support of U.S. policy. b. a wave of protest by isolationists. c. support from both Democratic and Republican leaders. d. Japanese aggression in China. 1

2 8. In September 1938 in Munich, Germany, a. Britain and France consented to Germany's taking the Sudetenland from Czechoslovakia. b. Hitler declared his intention to take Austria. c. Hitler signed the Axis Alliance Treaty with Japan. d. Britain and France acquiesced to the German reoccupation of the Rhineland. 9. Congress's first response to the unexpected fall of France in 1940 was to a. revoke all the neutrality laws. b. pass a conscription law. c. enact a new neutrality law enabling the Allies to buy American war matçriel on a cash-and-carry basis. d. call for the quarantining of aggressor nations. 10. In return for old American destroyers, the British gave the United States a. "most favored nation" status. b. a role in developing the atomic bomb. c. eight valuable naval bases. d. access to German military codes. 11. When Germany invaded the Soviet Union in 1941, the United States a. promised aid to the Soviets but did not deliver. b. refused to provide any help, either military or economic. c. gave only nonmilitary aid to Russia. d. made lend-lease aid available to the Soviets. 12. After the Greer was fired upon, the Kearny crippled, and the Reuben James sunk, a. Congress passed the Lend-Lease Act. b. the United States Navy began escorting merchant vessels carrying lend-lease shipments. c. Congress allowed the arming of United States merchant vessels. d. Congress forbade United States ships to enter combat zones. 13. The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941 came as a great surprise because a. President Roosevelt suspected that if an attack came, it would be in Malaya or the Philippines. b. there was no way of knowing that the Japanese had been provoked to the point of starting a war with the United States. c. Japanese communications were in a secret code unknown to the United States. d. the United States was, at the time, Japan's main source of oil and steel. 14. As World War II began for the United States in 1941, President Roosevelt a. led a seriously divided nation into the conflict. b. endorsed the same kind of government persecution of German-Americans as Wilson had in World War I. c. called the American people to the same kind of idealistic crusade with the same rhetoric that Wilson had used in World War I. d. decided to concentrate first on the war in Europe and to place the Pacific war on hold. 2

3 15. Japanese-Americans were placed in concentration camps during World War II a. due to numerous acts of sabotage. b. in retaliation for the placement of Americans in concentration camps by the Japanese. c. as a result of anti-japanese prejudice and fear. d. all of these. 16. While American workers, on the whole, were committed to the war effort, several unions went on strike. The most prominent was the a. American Federation of Labor. b. Amalgamated Meat Packers. c. Longshoremen. d. United Mine Workers. 17. During World War II, Native Americans a. demanded that President Roosevelt end discrimination in defense industries. b. rarely enlisted in the armed forces. c. moved south to replace African-American laborers. d. moved off reservations in large numbers. 18. The first naval battle in history in which all the fighting was done by carrier-based aircraft was the Battle of a. Leyte Gulf. b. the Java Sea. c. the Coral Sea. d. Midway. 19. The tide of Japanese conquest in the Pacific was turned following the Battle of a. Leyte Gulf. b. the Java Sea. c. the Coral Sea. d. Midway. 20. The Japanese made a crucial mistake in 1942 in their attempt to control much of the Pacific when they a. failed to take the Philippines. b. unsuccessfully attacked the oil-rich Dutch East Indies. c. overextended themselves instead of digging in and consolidating their gains. d. sent their submarine force on a suicide mission at the Battle of Midway. 21. In waging war against Japan, the United States relied mainly on a strategy of a. heavy bombing from Chinese air bases. b. invading Japanese strongholds in Southeast Asia. c. fortifying China by transporting supplies from India over the Himalayan "hump." d. "island hopping" from the South Pacific to within striking distance of Japan. 22. The conquest of was especially important, because from there Americans could conduct round-trip bombing raids on the Japanese home islands. a. Guadalcanal b. Wake c. New Guinea d. Guam 3

4 23. Hitler's advance in the European theater of war crested in late 1942 at the Battle of, after which his fortunes gradually declined. a. the Bulge c. Monte Cassino b. Stalingrad d. Kasserine Pass 24. The Allies postponed opening a second front in Europe until 1944 because a. they hoped that Germany and the Soviet Union would cripple each other. b. men and material were needed more urgently in the Pacific. c. the Soviet Union requested a delay until it could join the campaign. d. of British reluctance and lack of adequate shipping. 25. President Roosevelt and Prime Minister Churchill announced at their wartime conference in Casablanca that their principal war aim was to a. destroy the last remnants of European imperialism. b. promote the national independence of Third World nations. c. contain the postwar power of the Soviet Union. d. force the unconditional surrender of both Germany and Japan. 26. At the wartime Teheran Conference, a. the Soviet Union agreed to declare war on Japan within three months. b. the Big Three allies agreed to divide postwar Germany into separate occupied zones. c. the Soviet Union agreed to allow free elections in Eastern European nations that its armies occupied at the end of the war. d. plans were made for the opening of a second front in Europe. 27. The cross-channel invasion of Normandy to open a second front in Europe was commanded by General a. George Patton. b. Dwight Eisenhower. c. Douglas MacArthur. d. Bernard Montgomery. 28. As a result of the Battle of Leyte Gulf, a. Japan stalled an Allied victory. b. Admiral William F. "Bull" Halsey lost his first naval engagement. c. Japan was nearly able to take Australia. d. Japan was finished as a naval power. 29. The Potsdam conference a. determined the fate of Eastern Europe. b. issued an ultimatum to Japan to surrender or be destroyed. c. concluded that the Soviet Union would enter the war in the Pacific. d. was Franklin Roosevelt's last meeting with Churchill and Stalin. 30. African-Americans did all of the following during World War II except a. fight in integrated combat units. b. rally behind the slogan "Double V" (victory over dictators abroad and racism at home). c. move north and west in large numbers. d. form a militant organization called the Congress of Racial Equality. 4

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