Cell Processes. Chapter Review

Transcription

1 Name Date Class Chapter Review Cell Processes Part A. Vocabulary Review Directions: Select the term from the following list that matches each description. active transport energy enzyme inorganic compound passive transport consumer equilibrium metabolism producer diffusion mixture exocytosis organic compound matter endocytosis fermentation osmosis 1. movement of molecules without the use of energy 2. passive transport of water by diffusion 3. protein binds to a particle and uses energy to move through the cell membrane 4. condition in which molecules of a substance are spread evenly throughout a space 5. an organism that makes its own food 6. a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction 7. a process by which vesicles release their contents outside the cell 8. all of the activities that occur within the cells of an organism 9. movement of molecules from an area of more molecules to an area of less molecules 10. an organism that can t make its own food 11. compound containing carbon and hydrogen and is associated with living things 12. process that releases energy without using oxygen 13. a substance made of elements other than carbon 14. process of taking substances into a cell by surrounding it with the cell membrane 15. combination of substances in which each substance retains its own properties 16. has mass and takes up space 17. the ability to cause change Cell Processes 35

2 Chapter Review (continued) Part B. Concept Review 1. Explain the difference between compounds and mixtures. Directions: Identify the following examples as a compound or a mixture. 2. glucose 3. blood 4. Explain the difference between organic and inorganic compounds. Directions: Identify the following examples as organic or inorganic. 5. water 8. chlorophyll 6. cellulose 9. carbon dioxide 7. calcium 10. DNA 11. Explain the function of a selectively permeable membrane. Directions: Identify the following as part of active transport or passive transport. 12. mineral movement into plant root 13. osmosis 14. carrier proteins 15. diffusion Directions: Write P if the item describes photosynthesis or R if it describes respiration. 16. carbon dioxide is waste 17. occurs in mitochondria 18. oxygen given off 19. makes glucose from CO uses light energy 21. uses chlorophyll 36 Cell Processes

3 Chapter Test Cell Processes I. Testing Concepts Directions: Match the description in the first column with the term in the second column by writing the correct letter in the space provided. Some items in the second column may not be used. 1. the total of all chemical reactions in an organism 2. an organism that makes its own food 3. movement of molecules from an area where there are many to an area where there are few 4. compound that does not contain carbon 5. a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction in a cell 6. passive transport of water by diffusion 7. when the contents of a vesicle are released by the cell 8. movement of substances without the use of energy 9. large molecules are surrounded by the cell membrane and enter the cell 10. a combination of substances; each substance keeps its identity a. active transport b. diffusion c. endocytosis d. enzyme e. exocytosis f. fermentation g. inorganic compound h. metabolism i. mixture j. organic compound k. osmosis l. passive transport m. producer Directions: For each of the following, write the letter of the term or phrase that best completes each sentence. 11. An atom s nucleus contains. a. neutrons only c. neutrons, protons, and electrons b. protons and electrons d. protons and neutrons 12. A chemical formula shows the kind and number of atoms that form a. a. compound b. mixture c. solution d. suspension 13. Organic compounds that store important coded information in cells are. a. carbohydrates b. lipids c. nucleic acids d. water molecules 14. The function of the selectively permeable cell is to allow some things to pass through it, but not others. a. cytoplasm b. membrane c. nucleus d. wall 15. Bacteria are taken into cells by. a. diffusion b. endocytosis c. exocytosis d. osmosis 16. Organic compounds are compounds that always contain. a. carbon b. calcium c. nitrogen d. oxygen Cell Processes 37

4 Chapter Test (continued) 17. are organic compounds made of sugars or starches. a. Carbohydrates b. Enzymes c. Lipids d. Nucleic acids 18. are organic compounds that store energy. a. Enzymes b. Lipids c. Nucleic acids d. Proteins 19. In a(n), substances mix evenly with other substances. a. inorganic compound c. solution b. organic compound d. suspension 20. The movement of large molecules through the cell membrane out of the cell is called. a. endocytosis b. exocytosis c. homeostasis d. osmosis 21. If the movement of molecules requires energy, it is. a. active transport c. osmosis b. diffusion d. passive transport 22. is a process that releases energy when oxygen is insufficient. a. Cellular respiration c. Fermentation b. Equilibrium d. Metabolization 23. are organisms that can t make food. a. Biodegradables c. Consumers b. Enzymes d. Producers 24. Producers use light energy to make. a. chlorophyll b. glucose c. proteins d. starch II. Understanding Concepts Skill: Recognizing Cause and Effect Directions: Read each of the following descriptions. Then answer the questions that follow. When you drop a sugar cube in a glass of water, at first the water doesn t taste sweet. Later, it tastes very sweet. 1. What causes the change in the water s taste? 2. Is active or passive transport involved? 3. What is the name of this type of molecule movement? 4. What term explains molecule movement to maintain a balance with the environment? 38 Cell Processes

5 Chapter Test (continued) When making yeast bread dough, the dough rises after a while in the pan. 5. What causes dough to rise? 6. What is the name of this process? Skill: Comparing and Contrasting, Using Tables Directions: Using the table below and your knowledge of elements and compounds, answer the questions. Comparing Compounds Name ammonia glucose salt water Chemical formula NH 3 C 6 H 12 O 6 NaCl H 2 O 7. Is glucose an organic or inorganic compound? 8. How can you tell? 9. What kind of compounds are ammonia, salt, and water? 10. What do ammonia, glucose, and water contain that salt does not? Directions: Complete the paragraph by filling in the blanks. In a mixture, substances 11. their original properties. Mixtures are important in life processes. A 12. is a mixture in which one or more substances mix evenly with other substances. A 13. is a mixture in which substances spread through a liquid or gas but settle out over time. Water is the compound that makes up a larger part of 14. matter than any other. Water helps keep the temperature of cells constant so 15. reactions can take place. Cell Processes 39

6 Chapter Test (continued) III. Applying Concepts Directions: Match the description in the first column with the item in the second column by writing the correct letter in the space provided. 1. particle with a negative charge 2. particle with a positive charge 3. particle with no charge 4. salt and water mixture 5. blood 6. plant that contains chlorophyll 7. movement of minerals into plant root cells 8. dispersal of air freshener throughout a room a. active transport b. neutron c. diffusion d. electron e. producer f. proton g. solution h. suspension IV. Writing Skills Directions: Answer the following questions using complete sentences. 1. Describe the processes of photosynthesis and respiration. 2. How do large molecules or bacteria enter a cell? 40 Cell Processes