Hydropower as Flexibility Solution for Energy Storage Hydropower - supporting a power system in transition. Otto Pirker, Vienna; November 2015

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1 VERBUND AG,

2 Hydropower as Flexibility Solution for Energy Storage Hydropower - supporting a power system in transition Otto Pirker, Vienna; November 2015 VERBUND AG,

3 Agenda Position of Hydropower in the European generation mix Different types of HP plants various ways of providing system services Operation of storage and pump storage HPP Flexibility and storage the big advantage of the Hydro Power System VERBUND AG, VERBUND AG/HK/Pirker TT.MM.JJJJ Seite 3

pump storage HPP Flexibility and storage the big advantage of the Hydro Power

4 Hydropower as Flexibility Solution for Energy Storage Position of Hydropower in the (European) generation mix & Future developments VERBUND AG, Seite 4

5 Electricity Generation Mix world-wide (2012) Renewable electricity generation world-wide 2012 (Data Base - U.S. Information Administration) Worldwide, hydropower is the most important renewable energy sources in electricity generation by far! The share of hydropower in electricity generation is 17%! 77% of electricity from renewable energy we generated in hydro power plants! VERBUND AG, Seite 5

Information Administration) Worldwide, hydropower is the most important renewable energy sources in

6 EU28 Gross Elsctricity Generation 2012 (3.295 TWh). Data Base - DG Energy Statistical pocketbook 2014 VERBUND AG, VERBUND AG/HK/Pirker TT.MM.JJJJ Seite 6

7 EU28 - Gross Electricity Generation (1990,2000,2010 and 2012). Data Base - DG Energy, Statistical pocketbook VERBUND AG, VERBUND AG/HK/Pirker TT.MM.JJJJ Seite 7

8 EU28 Gross Renewable Electricity Generation 2012 (799 TWh)Data Base - DG Energy pocketbook 2014 In spite of the intensive development of wind and PV, hydropower is still the most important renewable energy source in Europe! The share of hydropower in electricity production in the European Union is 13% (18% in total Europe) About 46 % of electricity from renewable sources in EU 28 was produced in hydro power plants VERBUND AG, VERBUND AG/HK/Pirker TT.MM.JJJJ Seite 8

The share of hydropower in electricity production in the European Union is 13% (18% in total Europe) About 46 % of

9 Hydropower is the heart of the renewable family VERBUND AG, VERBUND AG/HK/Pirker TT.MM.JJJJ Seite 9

10 MW Installed capacity renewable energies in Germany 160, ,000 StrG EEG 120, ,000 80,000 Maximum load: ca MW ,000 40,000 20,000 Minimum load: ca MW 0 thermische Abfallbehandlung Wasserkraft >5 MW* Wasserkraft <5MW* Biomasse Wind-Onshore Wind-Offshore Photovoltaik Geothermie** Sourcee: BDEW, BMU-Leitstudie 2011 VERBUND AG, Mathias Timm Seite 10

Maximum load: ca. 82.000 MW 2015 60,000 40,000 20,000 Minimum load: ca. 35.

Year 2050 (Target) Conventional energy sources: ca. 80% RES: ca. 20% Conventional energy sources: ca. 20% RES: ca.

11 Renewables - Target 2050 "exchange of roles" High Share of renewable energies in gross domestic electricity consumption in Germany: Challenge - integration of wind and PV, while maintaining security of supply Year 2012 Year 2050 (Target) Conventional energy sources: ca. 80% RES: ca. 20% Conventional energy sources: ca. 20% RES: ca. 80% Source: BDEW, AG Energiebilanzen,Stand: 08/2012; Ziele der BR VERBUND AG, Mathias Timm Seite 11

12 Wind & PV supply and installed capacity in Germany 2012/13 VERBUND AG, Seite 12

13 MW /MWh Interaction of renewable and "backup powerplants" 80,000 70,000 60,000 50,000 40,000 30,000 20,000 10, ,000-20,000-30,000-40,000 Saturday, Sunday, Residual load: MW 65 % load coverage by wind and PV Monday, hours later, Residual load: MW 3 % load coverage by wind and PV -100 /MWh Tuesday, Wind Photovoltaik Stromverbrauch Spotpreis [ /MWh] Wednesday, Quellen: Übertragungsnetzbetreiber, EEX, BDEW (eigene Berechnungen) VERBUND AG, Mathias Timm Seite 13

837 MW 3 % load coverage by wind and PV -100 /MWh Tuesday, 18.06.

Wind & PV is not always available RES generation in Germany 2012: installed capacity and generation EE* = Wind + PV 2012: 63 GW PV + Wind extreme fluctuations (daily, seasonal) Load differences

14 Wind & PV is not always available RES generation in Germany 2012: installed capacity and generation EE* = Wind + PV 2012: 63 GW PV + Wind extreme fluctuations (daily, seasonal) Load differences within 1,5 h up to MW resp. 6 h about MW Security of supply Parallel to wind and. PV necessary: 1. Back up Power Plants to meet the full demand 2. Highly flexible and reliable power generation 3. Flexible Energy Storage Für 2020 gilt in erster Näherung: alle Angaben (2012) mal Faktor 2 VERBUND AG, 14

000 MW Security of supply Parallel to wind and. PV necessary: 1. Back up Power Plants to meet the full demand 2.

15 Development of the residual load in Europe max median source: dena 2012, Studie Integration EE min VERBUND AG,

16 Hydropower as Flexibility Solution for Energy Storage Different types of HP plants various ways of providing system services Hydropower as part of the solution VERBUND AG, Seite 16

ways of providing system services Hydropower as

17 Hydropower is.. more than 5,000 years old since approx. 150 years an essential part of the electricity supply system (first HP station in 1880 in Northumberland) - proven technology! was continuously adapted to the particular circumstances - site-specific and innovative! the most important renewable energy sources in electricity generation (17% worldwide; 18% in Europe) European "leadership" in terms of technology VERBUND AG, Seite 17

proven technology! was continuously adapted to the particular circumstances - site-specific and innovative!

18 Run power plants Baseload generation, primary control capable Pondage Power Plants Baseload and peakload generation partial short-term storage, primary and secondary control Different types of hydropower plants offer all grid sevices Storage power plants Peak load generation, perfect balancing and reserve power plants depending on the storage volume. secondary and tertiary control Pumped storage power plants As storage power plants in addition, Enectricity from the system can be stored Positive and negative balancing power VERBUND AG, Seite 18

perfect balancing and reserve power plants depending on the storage volume.

19 MW Typical daily diagram of Kops II (Austria) Regelpumpenbetrieb Kopswerk II Ist-Leistung KOW II M : : : : : : : MW/min QSource: VIW Zeit VERBUND AG, Seite 19

10.2010 18:00 29.10.2010 20:00 29.10.2010 22:00 30.10.2010 00:00-50 80 MW/min -100-150 -200 QSource: VIW Zeit VERBUND AG, www.

20 Kops II, Hydraulic shortcut VERBUND AG, Seite 20

21 Examplel Kops II / Flexibility 5 years Experience About 8000 hours / year per machine Changes between P / T per day The existing flexibility covers exactly the needs of the market VERBUND AG, Seite 21

D A Ch PSHPP Potential? Existing and under construction: 14.400 MW Planind stage: 9.

22 D A Ch PSHPP Potential? Existing and under construction: MW Planind stage: MW Storage Power Plants (existing) D - A - CH: 12,1 GW D: 0,3 GW A: 3,7 GW CH: 8,1 GW Quelle: Dr. Gruber, Verbund Quelle: Prof. Aufleger + eigene Bearbeitung VERBUND AG, Prof. Dr.-Ing. Frank Pöhler - AGAW-Symposium - Innsbruck

23 Today hydropower is - the most important renewable energy sources in electricity generation worldwide and in Europe - generating currently about 600 TWh (380 TWh in EU28) CO2 free renewable electricity in Europe - provides all ancillary services (balancing and reserve capacity, reactive power supply) - provides Black start capability - and about 220 TWh maximum storage can currently be provided by storage and pumped storage power stations in Europe. VERBUND AG, Seite 23

24 Hydropower - - is avoiding about 350 million tonnes of CO2 emissions annually in Europe - has the lowest "carbon footprint" in all generating technologies. - is currently the most cost-efficient form of electricity storage and costefficient way of providing flexibility. - contributes to GDP with about 25 billion (EU28); 38bn (Europe) - s added value stays mainly in Europe - has a broad rang of multipurpose functions. VERBUND AG, Seite 24

Development on the electricity market prices (01.01.2007-31.10.2014) Distortion in the electricity market!

25 Development on the electricity market prices ( ) Distortion in the electricity market! 3,1 ct/kwh No investment incentives for necessary investments in required capacities and flexible storage VERBUND AG, 25

26 Requirements for a (new) Market Design 1. Reform of the CO2 market 2. Integration of renewable energies into the market 3. Reduction of market barriers (Allowing price spikes, Pumped storage must be considered as a generation asset and must therefore not be burdened by double grid fees.) 4. Integration of the turn-off in demand in the current pricing (DSM) 5. Transboundary opening of the balancing markets 6. Consideration of flexibility and storage in the "new market design 7. Developing the transmission system 8. Level playing field for all technologies VERBUND AG, VERBUND AG/HK/Pirker Seite 26

27 VERBUND AG,

Workshops on the theme of Advancing Partnerships in River and Water Management Hydropower and River Management

Workshops on the theme of Advancing Partnerships in River and Water Management Hydropower and River Management Position of Hydropower in the European Generation Mix Otto Pirker, Vienna; March 2016 VERBUND