LCB-Ethanol als Ergänzung zur 1. Generation Bioethanol oder

Transcription

1 LCB-Ethanol als Ergänzung zur 1. Generation Bioethanol oder Biomass potential for the production of lignocellulosic bioethanol from various agricultural residues in Austria and Worldwide Alexander Jäger

2 Agenda Introduction Pros and Cons State of the art LCB Bioethanol Calculations - Austria - Worldwide Conclusions and outlook 2

3 Facts: Established 1994 ~1,500 students > 100 Full time researchers Bio- and Environmental Technology Eco Energy Working group Bioethanolics Bioethanol Biogas Biodiesel from lignocellulosic substrates Straw as insulation material

4 Wels Lignocellulosic Bioethanol Production 4

5 Bioethanol production: Pros Peak Oil CO 2 reduction Reduction of mineral oil import Economic potential Green jobs Research interest Enviromental problems with mineral oil Usage as fuel: Unchanged distribution system Up to 10 % without problems with each car Up to 95 % after minor changes 5

6 Bioethanol production: Cons 6

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9 Food versus bioethanol? Is there a simple answer? AGRANA says: Yes 9

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11 Coming from 10 % to 100%??

12 Lignocellulosic Bioethanol as supplement of Bioethanol 1G Yes and no s

13 Lignocellulosic Bioethanol is already reality Already industrial with hydrothermal pretreatment (mainly steam/steam explosion) - DONG: Energy/Inbicon Kalungborg DK First pilot / demo plant - Abengoa: Kansas, Hugoton USA Production plant current under construction - Chemtex: Cresentino Italy First production plant Brasil - production plant under construction - Clariant: Straubing Germany Pilot / demo plant - POET-DSM USA, Iowa, Emmetsburg, Production plant current under construction 13

14 Inbicon DK

15 Straubing (D)

16 Cresentiono (I)

17 Emmetsburg (Iowa)

18 1. Integration 1 st G 2 nd G Bioethanol Production

19 Cons!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Straw has to remain on the fields!

20 POET Bioethanol Plants Sioux Falls, South Dakota Alexandria, Indiana Ashton, Iowa Big Stone City, South Dakota Bingham Lake, Minnesota Chancellor, South Dakota Cloverdale, Indiana Coon Rapids, Iowa Corning, Iowa Emmetsburg, Iowa Fostoria, Ohio Glenville, Minnesota Gowrie, Iowa Groton, South Dakota Hanlontown, Iowa Hudson, South Dakota Jewell, Iowa Lake Crystal, Minnesota Leipsic, Ohio Marion, OhioMitchell, South Dakota North Manchester, Indiana Portland, Indiana Scotland, South Dakota 2 Mio hl Ethanol

21 Straw has to remain on the fields! But: Longer roots store more organic matter

22 Stover Harvest Report Three-year soil data from Emmetsburg Data shows responsible biomass harvesting is part of good soil management Non-traditional stover baling keeps good cover on Emmetsburg, Iowa soil, 6/1/2011 D. Karlen and D. S. Birrelof

23 Three-year average soil-test values as affected by various stover harvest treatments Stover Harvest Treatment ph SOM P K % ---- ppm Conventional no removal Cobs only MOG bulk collection Single-pass baling of MOG Two-pass baling STS High-cut (just below ear) STS Low-cut (4 inch stubble) LSD (0.1) NS NS 6 NS

24 Each region must be evaluated separately

25 Biomass potential for the production of lignocellulosic bioethanol from various agricultural residues in Austria and Worldwide Own calculations 25

26 Feedstocks examined / calculated Wheat straw Rye straw Oat straw Corn straw Miscanthus Corn cobs Sun flower 26

27 Grain yield and straw in Austria 2011 Substrate Area [ha] Yield [t] Ratio fruit/straw Straw yield [t] Oat 25, ,807 1: ,788 Corn 217,100 2,453,133 1:1 2,453,133 Rye 45, ,002 1: ,802 Wheat 304,334 1,781,837 1:0.8 1,425,470

28 Ethanol yield of different crops at different pretreatment conditions Substrate Condition EtOH [kg] theor. EtOH [kg] pract. Yield [%] Oat 200 C, 20 min Corn 190 C, 10 min Rye 200 C, 20 min Wheat 200 C, 20 min

29 Ethanol yield of different crops in Austria Substrate Straw p.a. [t] EtOH [t/a] Oat 60,394 13,770 Corn 1,226, ,936 Rye 90,901 22,362 Wheat 1,425, ,113 Total 643,183

30 Ethanol yield of different crops in Austria Substrate Straw p.a. [t] EtOH [t/a] Oat 60,394 13,77 Corn 1,226, ,936 Rye 90,901 22,362 Wheat 1,425, ,113 Total 643,183 Pischelsdorf 200,000 Total 843,183 Gasoline consumed 1,800,000 Replacement %

31 Results: Austria In Austria 1,800,000 t of gasoline was consumed in ,183 t bioethanol from straw could be produced. About one third of this could be replaced by bioethanol from straw. As a result, all the bioethanol needed for E 10 can easily be provided using about a third of the available straw. Only about half of the straw would have to be used. Together with 1 st Gen. Bioethanol nearly 50% of gasoline could be replaced --- tomorrow!

32 Bioenergy Potential Worldwide Available Area Worldwide 2011 Mio km 2 World Africa Asia America Europe (Incl. Russia) Oceania Total Area Land Area Agricultural Area Farmland Grassland Fallow land < 0.1 Forest areas

33 Ethanol from straw worldwide Utilization rate of straw Straw [Mio t/a] EtOH [Mio t/a] Oil equivalent [Mio t/a] Substitution of fossil fuel [%] 15% % % 1, % 1, % 2,

34 Mio. Tonnen Development of Grain Production Barley Wheat Rye Triticale Oat Corn Rice Total

35 Ethanol from straw worldwide at european grain production rates Utilzation rate of straw Straw [Mio t/a] EtOH [Mio t/a] Oil equivalent [Mio t/a] Substitution of fossil fuel [%] 9% % % 1, % 2, % 3,

36 Results For a replacement of 10 % of the worlds fuel demand 15 % of the straw has to be used. If the european grain productivity can be achieved worldwide, 9 % of the straw has to be used for a replacement of 10 % of the worlds fuel demand. Plants not regarded as agricultural plant like reed but suitable for bioethanol production are not calculated.

37 Conclusions and Outlook I 1. Technology for 1 G bioethanol production is well established 2. Technology for bioethanol production from straw is available 3. First 1 G production plant ( t p.a) is in Italy in operation 4. First 1G 2 G production plant ( t p.a) is in USA under construction 5. Bioethanol from straw can replace a large part of fossil fuel. 6. Local biofuel production reduces dependence on energy imports. 7. Local biofuel production ensures supply security.

38 Conclusions and Outlook II Integration if 1 G 2 G Bioethanol plant is synergistic Common logistic Common downstream processing Common workpower Etc.

39 Thank you

40 Working group Bioethanolics Thank you for attention