Assessment Schedule 2013 Chemistry: Demonstrate understanding of the properties of organic compounds (91391)
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1 NCEA Level 3 Chemistry (91391) 2013 page 1 of 8 Assessment Schedule 2013 Chemistry: Demonstrate understanding of the properties of organic compounds (91391) Evidence Statement Q Evidence Achievement Achievement with Merit Achievement with ONE (a) 3-hydroxy propanal / 3-hydroxyl propanal TWO correct Names and / or structure. ALL THREE correct. THREE correct but with errors in numbering. 4-methyl pentan-2-one (b)(i) 3-D structure drawn, eg: ONE isomer drawn correctly with 3D arrangements of groups around asymmetric carbon. Correct 3D arrangements drawn, representing molecules that are enantiomers. Any pair of enantiomers that are valid 3-D structures will be accepted. In (b) (i), BOTH isomers drawn but an error in the way the groups are connected to asymmetric carbon. (ii) Enantiomers exist for atoms containing a carbon atom with 4 different groups attached / Non-optically active substances do not have any carbon with 4 different groups attached. ONE correct statement. TWO correct statements. Enantiomers rotate (plane) polarised light in opposite directions.
2 NCEA Level 3 Chemistry (91391) 2013 page 2 of 8 (c)(i) O ONE correct. THREE correct. CH 3 CH 2 C OH THREE compounds with correct functional groups. (ii) CH 3 C O O CH 3 HC O O CH 2 CH 3 (iii) HO CH 2 C CH 3 O (d) TWO correct products (name or formula). Identifies hydrolysis. TWO correct products (name and formula). AND Identifies hydrolysis. ALL products correct (name AND formula). AND acidic hydrolysis compared and contrasted against basic hydrolysis. The ester link is hydrolysed in both acid and basic conditions. Both produce an alcohol. Acidic hydrolysis produces an acid and basic hydrolysis produces a base or salt / following hydrolysis in sodium hydroxide, an acid-base reaction occurs to form the sodium salt and water. (No further reaction occurs in acid.)
3 NCEA Level 3 Chemistry (91391) 2013 page 3 of 8 Not Achieved Achievement Merit NØ N1 N2 A3 A4 M5 M6 E7 E8 No response; no relevant evidence. 1a 2a 4a 5a 3m 4m 1e and 2m 1e and 3m
4 NCEA Level 3 Chemistry (91391) 2013 page 4 of 8 Q Evidence Achievement Achievement with Merit Achievement with TWO (a)(i) Reagent: NaBH 4 / LiAlH 4 Type of reaction reduction / redox EITHER Correct reagent used. Type of reaction. Three reagents or reactions correct. (ii) Reagent: conc H 2 SO 4 / conc H 3 PO 4 / Al 2 O 3 Type of reaction elimination / dehydration / condensation EITHER Correct reagent used. Type of reaction. Part (a) answered in full. (iii) Explanation: An elimination reaction occurs because the molecule has changed from saturated to unsaturated / a (C=C) double bond forms. Because water is removed / H and OH have been removed (from adjacent C atoms). The but-2-ene is the major product / but-1-ene is the minor product. A mixture of products is formed, because the two carbons adjacent to the carbon-bearing OH have different numbers of H atoms attached / it is asymmetric. Elimination partially defined. Identifies but-2-ene as major product or but-1-ene as minor product. Elimination explained. Mixture of products explained. (Zaitsev s rule the major product has the more substituted double bond) (b) Aldehyde (Butanal) is obtained by distillation of butan-1-ol with acidified (potassium) dichromate / (acidified potassium) permanganate solution. One process identified. A correct explanation of distillation. (Distillation) is used because the aldehyde has a lower boiling point (than butan-1-ol and the carboxylic acid formed) / to prevent it from being oxidised further. (Both) reactions are oxidation reduction because butan-1-ol has lost electrons/lost hydrogen/gained oxygen/oxidation number (of C) has increased. Identifies oxidation (or reduction) reaction. Type of reaction justified. Full discussion. Carboxylic acid (butanoic acid) is obtained by reacting a mixture of butan-1- ol with acidified potassium dichromate solution (under reflux conditions) until all of the reactant has been converted to butanoic acid. Observations: orange Cr 2 O 7 2 to green /, purple MnO 4 to colourless / aldehyde condensed in the condenser. Reagent identified. One observation. One observation linked.
5 NCEA Level 3 Chemistry (91391) 2013 page 5 of 8 (c) Add to water then test with blue litmus paper The butan-1-ol will not react with water nor change the colour of the moistened litmus paper. The butanoic acid will change the moistened blue litmus paper to red. The butanoyl chloride will react violently with the water. ONE chemical identified. ONE chemical (word or symbol) equation. Devises a correct method with observations identifying all THREE substances. Correct method referenced to the structure of the organic compounds. Carboxylic acids react with water to form hydronium ions / equation Acyl chlorides react with water to form carboxylic acids and hydrogen chloride / equation Not Achieved NØ N1 N2 No response; no relevant evidence. 1a 2a Achievement A3 A4 4a 5a Merit M5 M6 4m 5m E7 E8 1e and 2m 2e
6 NCEA Level 3 Chemistry (91391) 2013 page 6 of 8 Q Evidence Achievement Achievement with Merit Achievement with THREE (a)(i) The three alcohols are (structural) isomers / they have the same molecular formula but different structural formula. Methyl propan-2-ol is a tertiary alcohol / structural formula. Butan-2-ol is a secondary alcohol / structural formula. Butan-1-ol is a primary alcohol / structural formula. Identifies that they are isomers. TWO alcohol types are correctly identified. Two correct structural formulae are drawn. Isomers AND ALL types identified. (ii) Butan-1-ol is oxidised using permanganate / acidified dichromate, EITHER forming an aldehyde which can be identified using Tollens, silver mirror forms / Benedict s or Fehling s solution. forms brick red precipitate / forming a carboxylic acid, which can be identified turning (moist) blue litmus paper red. Identifies ONE alcohol with partial explanation. Correctly links observations to species involved in one reaction. Identifies TWO alcohols with minor omission (eg acidified or conc missing). Identifies all three alcohols. Butan-2-ol is oxidised to a ketone with permanganate / acidified dichromate, but this does not give a positive test using Tollens or Benedict s. Methyl propan-2-ol does not react with oxidising agents, permanganate remains purple / dichromate remains orange. Lucas test may be accepted with correct explanation. (anhydrous) ZnCl 2 and conc HCl Solution goes cloudy / layers form Tertiary in seconds Secondary in minutes Primary in hours / no reaction. (b) 1 SOCl 2 (Accept PCl 3, PCl 5 or conc HCl / ZnCl 2 ) ONE correct ALL correct
7 NCEA Level 3 Chemistry (91391) 2013 page 7 of 8 (c) Name: 3 methyl butanoyl chloride. Products: ONE correct. ALL correct answers. Hydrogen chloride / HCl / ammonium chloride / NH 4 Cl (d) TWO correct structures drawn and amide linkages identified with circles. ONE correct dipeptide structure. Amide linkage correctly circled on ONE structure. ALL correct. Not Achieved Achievement Merit NØ N1 N2 A3 A4 M5 M6 E7 E8 No response; no relevant evidence. 2a 3a 4a 5a 3m 4m 1e and 2m 1e and 3m
8 NCEA Level 3 Chemistry (91391) 2013 page 8 of 8 Judgement Statement Not Achieved Achievement Achievement with Merit Achievement with Score range
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