Do National Libraries have a special role with regard to the digitisation of national cultural heritage? Practice in Norway

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Garry O’Brien’
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1 Do National Libraries have a special role with regard to the digitisation of national cultural heritage? Practice in Norway

2 National Library of Norway Main player in digitisation Mo i Rana Oslo 200 staff Reading rooms Exhibitions Events 200 staff Aqusition and cataloging Digitisation and digital library development Long term preservation

Exhibitions Events 200 staff Aqusition and cataloging

3 White Paper on the digitalisation of Cultural Heritage White Paper on Libraries (spring 2009) The National Library is the principle actor in digitalising work in the library field. [ ] and digital solutions to search across all libraries.

is the principle actor in digitalising work in the library

4 Digital strategy of The National Library Digitise all Collections Systematically A-Z For special purposes On demand Legal deposit of born-digital material Broadcasting Newspapers Publishers of books Strategic Partnership, sharing digitization costs 50/50 Norwegian Broadcasting Company Newspapers

born-digital material Broadcasting Newspapers Publishers of books

5 Legal deposit in Norway - all published content in all media to The National Library Legal Deposit Act of 1989 All printed material Music (sheet and sound) Photographs Broadcasts (radio and TV) Film and video Digital documents The.no domain

printed material Music (sheet and sound) Photographs

6 Norwegian approach to PPP Whitepaper on digitization The National Library is expected to work further with agreements about the storage of digital resources from publishers, newspapers and more.

7 Strategic Partners NRK, (The Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation), newspapers, periodicals publishers, media institutions, others Digitise for preservation Digital Legal Deposit Digital Hotel for Partners Access

media institutions, others Digitise for preservation

8 Business models (ett av disse bildene?) Public funding Negotiations / contracts Private Public Partnership Split cost Access Copyright clearance (different models) Cooperation on demand Digital deposit (incl. legal) Digital Collections (on the spot)

Partnership Split cost Access Copyright clearance (different

9 Private Public Partnership Norwegian model is based on bi-latteral and co-latteral agreements on joint operations and cost sharing between The National Library and publishers (right-holders), which. creates additional opportunities and eliminates the need for restricted preferential use

National Library and publishers (right-holders), which.

10 Cooperatian contracts Manuscripts: Mathematician Abel, Academy of Science and Letters Books: Constituition Jubilee 2014 (200 years): Museum collectians in and outside Norway Music: Mastertapes from Sony BMG Universial and museums Photo: Archives from Fr. Nansens Fram museum Publishers Film: Museums from all over Norway

and outside Norway Music: Mastertapes from Sony BMG Universial and museums

11 Mass digitisation key figures In-house or out-sourced a matter of cost-benefit 34 scanners for printed material and photo 19 scanners for sound, film and video Converts analog material to digital files, - 15 Tb weekly New digitisation-facilities in Mo i Rana opened February 2012.

for sound, film and video Converts analog material to digital files,

12 The digital collection (March) books in the open digital library (norwegian IP-adresses) out of copyright (downloadable) newspapers available in Norwegian Libraries manuscript pages photographs hours of radio hours of television 9300 film and video titles

371 000 available in Norwegian Libraries 390 000 manuscript pages 671 000

13 Access on the net or in libraries

14 From paper to pad Do people read on the net? The frequency of use What kind of books are most asked for? Fiction, non-fiction? Do people read the whole book or just parts of it? Does the use influence the sale of printed books or e- books? Does it influence the use of libraries?

16 The Bookshelf

17 Scope of the contract All books published i Norway through year 2000 ( titles) Full-text searchable Download of PDFs of public domain works Accessible for Norwegian ip-adresses Limited access for foreign users Rightsholders right to withdraw works Minister of Culture Hadia Tajik opening the bookshelf service in oktober 2012

for Norwegian ip-adresses Limited access for foreign users Rightsholders right to

18 Remuneration Annual remuneration pr page made available on the net Remuneration collected and distributed among authors and publishers by Kopinor (collecting society) Financed by the National Library Foto: NA24

distributed among authors and publishers by Kopinor

19 Legal framework The Copyright Act of 1961 with amendments allows The National Library to digitise all published material for long-term preservation) The Bookshelf contract is based on the framework of extended collective licencing (ECL)

material for long-term preservation) The Bookshelf

20 Extended Collective Licence Kopinor (collecting society) represents all rightsholders: Members and non-members Foreign rightsholders Orphan works Potential rightholders Kopinor distributes the compensation to rightsholders (i.e. through grants).

rightsholders Orphan works Potential rightholders Kopinor

21 European consideration vs the nordic ECL Orphan works: Time and resource consuming diligent search vs collective remuneration for use Out of distribution works: Similar approach in the two models

22 Monthly visits bokhylla.no Monthly visists bokhylla.no Januar Februar Mars April Mai Juni Juli August September Oktober November Desember

23 Still increasing in 2014 Total page views in Page views in January (up 39 % from january 2013) Page views up 39% from January 2013 to January 2014 and 35% from February 2013 to February 2014

24 Reference work Question from the Netherlands: The discovery an ad from 1929 about Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson with three quotes. Men jeg lægger min baad ( But I and my boat are away From the novel The Fisher Maiden or Fiskerjenten) Ja, vi elsker (Yes, we love Norwegian National Anthem) Denne bostavn er vor ( For this land is our own from The Fisher Maiden) What are the sources of the quotes? "denne bostavn" AND creator:bjørnson*

25 The world tweets about the bookshelf December 2013-January 2014

26 In love but lack the words? You will find the most beautiful love poems in bokylla.no

28 The Newspaper Service The National Library has an agreement with 25 newspapers. Nine additional titles are available online. 370 libraries have access. 61 % of all digital newspapers in the National Library are available in Norwegian libraries. The service is integrated into the National Library s digital library (Advanced Search - Newspapers).

29 Preserving pop music from the 21st Century Digital media and new publishing strategies Major changes in the music industry The amateur is the new professional! Example: Annual national music competition from A-pressen (45 Norwegiannewspapers) + Rock City New pop and rock bands and artists upload their music to their local newspaper s web page to participate The National Library harvests all the Bandwagon web pages preserving the uploaded music as digital documents Access from the National Library s webpage

30 The Widerøe-collection 124 municipalities have deposited their Widerøecollection in The National Library photographies

31 E-pub

32 E-pub

33 The Digital Library on mobile devices

34 Monthly visits NBdigital Januar Februar Mars April Mai Juni Juli August September Oktober November Desember

Pekka Gronow Nordic cultural commons conference 22 23.10.2008

Open content licenses in public broadcasting and archiving: some problems and eventual solutions Pekka Gronow Nordic cultural commons conference 22 23.10.2008 Europe s public broadcasters have enormous