Null-Emissions-Strategie Prof. Dr.-Ing. Ralf Otterpohl

Transcription

1 Chancen der Wassermanagements als Baustein einer lokalen Null-Emissions-Strategie Prof. Dr.-Ing. Ralf Otterpohl Leiter Institut für Abwasserwirtschaft und Gewässerschutz Vorsitz IWA Specialist Group Resources oriented Sanitation

2 Source: Prof. G. Teodorescu, Stuttgart

3 Kreativität: Entspannter Zustand erforderlich!

4 Ersparnis an Wasser und Energie ca 200 pro Person und Jahr (Bubble Rain) dazu Duschwärmetauscher

5 Ressourceneffiziente Wassersysteme WERTSCHÖPFUNG: Kosteneffiziente oft dezentrale Systeme Düngerproduktion im Teilstrom, Terra Preta Energieeinsparung, Biogas Rückgewinnung Energie Warmwasser Mehrfachnutzung Wasser Weitestgehender Gewässerschutz (Baden..)

6 Major problems related to Wastewater (Miss)Management: Pollution of Rivers, Lakes and the Seas Inefficient Water Usage

7 Loss of Soil Fertility (slow but dramatic, global scale) counteraction by returning treated biowaste and faecals (Map from

8 Lack of phosphate resources, demand for antropogenic fertilizer (figure:

9 Volume l/(p*year) Yearly Loads kg/(p*year) Greywater Flushwater can be saved Urine ~ 500 Feaces ~ 50 (option: add biowaste)

10 Volume l/(p*year) Yearly Loads kg/(p*year) Greywater Flushwater can be saved Urine ~ 500 Feaces ~ 50 (option: add biowaste) N ~ 4-5 ~ 3 % ~ 87 % ~ 10 % P ~ 0,75 ~ 10 % ~50 % ~ 40 % K ~ 1,8 ~ 34 % ~ 54 % ~ 12 % COD ~ 30 ~ 41 % ~ 12 % ~ 47 % S, Ca, Mg and trace Treatment elements Reuse / Water Cycle Treatment Fertiliser Biogas-Plant Composting Soil-Conditioner Geigy, Wiss. Tabellen, Basel 1981, Vol. 1, LARSEN and GUJER 1996, FITSCHEN and HAHN 1998

11 Toilets and resulting Dilution Type of Toilet Daily Flow per P. Pro and Con's Flushing + widely accepted toilet - waste of water Separating toilet Waterless Urinal Vacuumtoilet Compostingtoilet Desiccation toilet - high dilution + low water demand + well developed (ships) - high-tec / expensive + little water / little dilution + simple fertiliser reuse - little experience + no water / no dilution - maintenance required + no water needed - high space demand - maintenance needed ++ Desiccation for hot climates

12 What will work in Hamburg?

13 Separett Villa, Sweden A good starting point Cild seat Design ok, funktion?? Carrying buckets? Cover lid

14 Straight-drop dry urine-diverting toilet in multi-story apartments in Dong Sheng, Northern China (SEI) (EcoSan Res/ A. Rosemarin

15 Waterless Urinal (Keramag) Sorting-Toilet (Gustavsberg, Sweden)

16 Urine containers and pre-composters for a school and 100 flats in Linz, Austria Linz AG

17 Ecological Settlement Lübeck-Flintenbreite Double-Houses Terraced Houses

18 Greywater Nutrient loads in blackwater and greywater Blackwater

19 Vacuum-Biogas-System: 32 houses in Sneek, The Netherlands

20 Swimming in the inner city of Hamburg Advertisment of Hamburg Water

21 From a brochure of the big utility Hamburg Water, Hamburg, Germany, 2008 a concrete plan for 2000 PE and evaluation of the future department for blackwater diversion for the whole city in the long run

22 Loo-Loop: fertiliser production WaterEfficient house installations INTAQUA TM AG worldwide patents Freshwater demand: 60 to 200 litres /person/d Flushwater Biogas Toilets, kitchen waste grinder Blackwater Bath, kitchen, washing losses Central supply losses Treatment plant Treatment plant (MBR) greywater Treatment plant (MBR) Soil conditioner, fertiliser Full Local reuse for landscape irrigation

23 Stand-alone water reuse: Loo-Loop Flushwater INTAQUA TM AG worldwide patents Freshwater demand (rain, lake, river): 10 to 20 litres /person/d Freshwater demand: 10 to 20 litres /person/d Toilets, kitchen waste grinder Bath, kitchen, washing Tap water losses Biogas Blackwater Greywater Option: seawater Soil conditioner, fertiliser Treatment plant (MBR) Treatment plant (MBR) RO-Tap water processing local aquifer (natural or artifical) Highest possible water efficiency for very dry areas

24 Initial research unit at TUHH, Prof. Otterpohl

25 Energyunit Waterworks Fertiliser-Factory Vakuum-Biogas-System with production of dry fertiliser Modules for 500 to persons

26 DESERTEC Euro-Supergrid EU-MENA: Club of Rome

27 ZERO fossile DESERTEC Zusammenwirken mit dezentralen Strukturen

28 Integrated urban bio-systems

29 Integrated urban bio-systems Patric Blanc,, Paris

30 Breakthrough in faecal matter treatment trough vermicomposting at TUHH (BMBF / IPSWaT)

31 Vielen Dank! Patric Blanc, Paris, France