Electrolysis for grid balancing Where are we?

Transcription

1 Electrolysis for grid balancing Where are we? Copenhagen May 10, 2012 Raymond Schmid, Global Market Strategist

2 Our company Global provider of On-site hydrogen water electrolysers Fuel cells systems 120 employees Locations: Canada (HQ): Fuel Cell Belgium: Electrolyzers, H 2 Fueling stations Germany: Fuel Cell Systems Listed on NASDAQ (HYGS) and TSX (HYG) Over 1,800 projects deployed in >100 countries 2

3 Alkaline and PEM Electrolysis From small to large scale 3

4 Hydrogenics Strategic Positioning Right solution for every existing market meeting Hydrogenics strategic positioning R&D and product development for future strategic markets 4

5 Hydrogenics Strategic Positioning Industrial applications To leverage ROI and development H2 fueling station H2 energy storage Put them on the market at the right time Develop electrolysis knowledge and technology To anticipate the market needs (demo projects) Subsidies & Fundings required 5

6 Long History in Electrolysis cell stacks The Electrolyser Corporation founded Stuart Energy Systems IPO in October 2000 HYG starts Atmospheric PEMWE alkaline monopolar (CST) program Atmospheric alkaline mono-polar (Gen II) Hydrogenics acquires Stuart Energy January 2005 Stuart acquires Hydrogen Systems January 2003 HYG demonstrates Large Active Area PEM electrolyser Adopt pressurized alkaline bi-polar (IMET) S-1000 Large pressurized (IMET) S-4000 MW Scale PEMWE Large pressurized (IMET) S

7 Hydrogenics HySTAT Cell Stack Alkaline electrolysis: 30% vol. KOH Pressure:10 barg to 30bar Conversion efficiency: 4.44 kwh/nm 3 H 2 (HHV: 80%, LHV: 68% ) Lifetime: hours Hydrogen purity: 99.9% < 1000 ppm O 2 in H 2 12ppm N 2 H 2 O saturated 7

8 PEM Electrolyzer Development Generation Prototype 90E 91E 701E 92E 1250E Input power 102 W 3.9 kw 4.2 kw 115 kw 5.4 kw 1.2 MW H 2 Production rate Nm 3 /hr [kg/day] Pressure rating (bar) [0.04] 0.67 [1.4] 0.94 [2.0] 30 [64] 1.20 [2.6] 265 [565] Durability (hour) ,000 6,500 25,000+ (Ongoing) 50,000 (Target) Features Initial R&D Platform Development Platform Increased performance and H 2 production Increased output for refueling Improved stack design, efficiency 1.65X active area scale-up of 701E

9 Efficiency [HHV%] Progress in efficiency Hydrogen Production Rate, HHV [MMBTU/h] % 90% 80% DOE 2017 Target 70% Commercial Alkaline 60% 50% Current Density [A/cm 2 ] Confidential - Do not duplicate or distribute without written permission from Hydrogenics Corporation

10 Efficiency [HHV%] Progress in efficiency 100% Hydrogen Production Rate, HHV [MMBTU/h] % 80% DOE 2017 Target 70% Commercial Alkaline 60% % Current Density [A/cm 2 ] Confidential - Do not duplicate or distribute without written permission from Hydrogenics Corporation

11 Efficiency [HHV%] Progress in efficiency 100% Hydrogen Production Rate, HHV [MMBTU/h] % 80% DOE 2017 Target 70% 60% Commercial Alkaline % Current Density [A/cm 2 ] Confidential - Do not duplicate or distribute without written permission from Hydrogenics Corporation

12 Efficiency [HHV%] Progress in efficiency 100% Hydrogen Production Rate, HHV [MMBTU/h] % 80% 2007 DOE 2017 Target 70% 60% Commercial Alkaline % Current Density [A/cm 2 ] Confidential - Do not duplicate or distribute without written permission from Hydrogenics Corporation 12

13 Efficiency [HHV%] Progress in efficiency 100% Hydrogen Production Rate, HHV [MMBTU/h] % 80% DOE 2017 Target 70% 60% Commercial Alkaline % Current Density [A/cm 2 ] Confidential - Do not duplicate or distribute without written permission from Hydrogenics Corporation

14 Current (A) Averaged Half Stack Cell Voltage (V) Temperature ( C) Progress in efficiency and durability (Alkaline) 2, ,98 1,96 1, ,92 1, , ,86 Insignificant voltage degradation after 10,000 ON/OFF cycles 15min ON/15min OFF 30min ON/30min OFF 1,84 1,82 1, , , , ,72 Time (min.) 15min ON/15min OFF 1, Cycles Corr. Cell Voltage Temperature Confidential - Do not duplicate or distribute without written permission from Hydrogenics Corporation

15 Mean Cell Voltage [V] Progress in efficiency and durability (PEM) Previous Generation Current Generation (on-going) No failure, no degradation Continuous 2 A/cm 2, 7 barg ,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000 Cumulative Time [Hrs]

16 + Integration of complete electrolyser systems for the industrial market (since 1948.) Reliability Robustness Efficiency Price Dynamic responsiveness (limited to %) 16

17 Over 250 worldwide Industrial Units (2007 now) Some of our installed units (50kW 2.4MW): Saudi Arabia: Powerplant Russia: Float Glass Romenia: Float Glass Ukraine: Metallurgy China: Merchant Gas Greece: Solar Industry 17

18 + Integration of complete fueling stations (since 2000 ), involved in over 45 stations Increased safety (public applications) Communication between equipment Use of H 2 as energy carrier Legal issues Price 18

19 WaterstoNet, Brussels, Belgium 350bar, 65kg/day 19

20 Shell, Santa Monica, CA, USA 35kg/day 700bar station

21 Los Angeles, CA, USA 65kg/day, 700bar station

22 Ruter/AL, Oslo, Norway 350bar, 260kg/day 22

23 Postauto, Brügg, Switzerland 350bar, 130kg/day 23

24 + Grid stabilistion & Power to Gas energy storage (since 2007 ) Scale up Power management High dynamic response Legal issues (Ownership, Gas inter-operability codes and standards for injecting hydrogen into natural gas system) Price (Ability to monetize grid stabilisation and energy storage to secure capital investments) 24

25 Current Situation Energy storage is not a new requirement, but the scale of energy storage required with the increased penetration of renewables in the generation mix has changed s of MWh in any given hour. There are different ways of tackling problem of utility-scale energy storage. How to choose? Demonstration projects 25

26 Renewables & Fluctuating Energy Availability Supply & Demand Leveling Power to Gas may be the pathway we need to allow more renewable energy absorption 26

27 From Energy Silos to Energy Bridges Energy System Heat (GJ) Travel (Litres) Electricity (kwh) Current Tool Natural Gas Gasoline / Diesel Electrons Advantage Storage Portability Speed Disadvantage Dependency CO 2 emissions Dependency CO 2 emissions Storage 27 B u s i n e s s C o n f i d e n t i a l

28 Faster Response Resources will help reduce IESO s Regulation Procurement 1 An ideal responding resource is: 1.7 times more efficient than the average Hydro Power units for regulation. 2.7 times more efficient than the average Combustion Turbine capacity 29 times more efficient than a Steam turbine 1MW of ideal regulation can substitute 2.7 MW of Combustion Turbine regulation 1 Assessing the Value of Regulation Resources based on their time Response Characteristics, Makarov, PNNL-17632

29 Energy Storage Technology Comparison Pumped Hydro Facility CAES Facility Hydrogen Facility Geesthacht Pumped-storage Power Plant EON Huntorf CAES Plant EON Huntorf converted to hydrogen storage V = 3.3 million m 3 H = 83 m E = 534 MWh (3 x 40 MW Turbines) Vgeo. = 0.3 million m 3 P = bar E < 580 MWh Output: 290 MW < 3h Input: 60 MW <12h Vgeo. = 0.3 million m 3 P = 60 bar Ethermal = 41,832 MWh E 40% = 16,733 MWh 29

30 Energy Storage for Remote Communities 30

31 Energy Storage: Remote Communities Ramea Island (Newfoundland, Canada) Solve the cost and storage issues associated with intermittent/ renewable energy generation. Wind and hydrogen as an alternative to diesel power currently installed. Provide continuous high quality power. HySTAT-30/10. Hydrogen compression and storage system to provide 24/7 power from wind. Hydrogen power provided by H 2 gensets (HEC). 31

32 Spain, Gas Natural Electrolyser system (0,3 mw) H2 compression and storage system. H2 ICE to produce electricity. Maximize wind utilization 32

33 Argentina, Patagonia Electrolyser system (0,6 mw) H2 compression and storage system. H2 ICE to produce electricity. Maximize wind utilization 33

34 Today, ancillary services consume generating capacity. When loads provide these reserves, generating capacity is freed up to do what it was designed for, i.e., generate electricity. Electrolyzer technology can offer grid stabilization services as a fast-acting load while simultaneously storing surplus power. 34

35 Hydrogenics HySTAT provides frequency regulation on Ontario grid HySTAT TM electrolyzer provided frequency regulation by responding to real-time frequency regulation signals from the IESO on a secondby-second basis. 35

36 Germany (Rostock) 7.5 MW onshore wind turbines Total capacity: 140MW

37 Hydrogen energy storage system Electrolysis system (1MW) Compressor Storage (27MWh) HICE Electricity Heat Gas 37

38 Energy Storage & Transport 38

39 Distributed Electrolyzer Fueling Stations IESO Setpoints selected to achieve IESO target regulation signal while respecting filling station constraints

40 Vattenfall, Hamburg, Germany Largest European H 2 Filling Station 1 MW HySTAT 40

41 Energy Storage Power to Gas 41

42 Natural Gas Network: - Existing Infrastructure - Storage capability - Supply for transport - EU: +-1,8 mio. Km 42

43 ZSW (research): Power to Gas Overcapacity Biogas installation 0.3 MW Electrolyser CO 2 Electricity H 2 at 10bar Biomethane (CH4) Natural Gas Grid (Storage)

44 5Mio CAD Develop utility scale energy storage in NA Bridge between the electricity and natural gas networks Bring seasonal storage capabilities to electricity networks

45 EU project Green Energy Storage system 1MW electrolyser; 33MWh storage (FP7 Energy, 26Mio. ) 1MW Electrolyser Electricity kg H2 storage (metal hydrides) chemical compounds formed when hydrogen gas reacts with certain metals. Equilibrium pressure / temperature. Fuel Cell demand leveling Merchant Gas Transport Gas network

46 European Utility: 2MW electrolyser, 780kg/day H 2 at 57bar Natural Gas Grid (Storage)

47 Multi megawatt scale electrolyser 1 300Nm 3 /h, 2 800kg/day, +-7MW Stack Module (220Nm 3 /h) Power racks 29 m 23 m

48 From Energy Silos to Energy Bridges Energy System Heat (GJ) Travel (Litres) Electricity (kwh) Current Tool Natural Gas Gasoline / Diesel Electrons Advantage Storage Portability Speed Disadvantage Dependency CO 2 emissions Dependency CO 2 emissions Storage 48 B u s i n e s s C o n f i d e n t i a l

49 To conclude Large scale Alkaline and PEM are entering a phase where engineering and manufacturing will become as important as technical leadership. Focus should be on cost reduction, engineering scale-up, and market development. Hydrogenics is developing a MW PEM and alkaline stack and system building block will offer a major step toward affordable large-scale renewable hydrogen. Government-Industry investment is required to demonstrate cost and efficiency of demonstration plants.

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