REMOTE DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF PATIENTS BY MEANS OF CLOUD COMPUTING TECHNOLOGY

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1 REMOTE DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF PATIENTS BY MEANS OF CLOUD COMPUTING TECHNOLOGY Mrs. Pankaja R 1, Ms. Areefa Banu 2, Mr.Shantosh Raj 3, Ms. Geetha Srikrishna 4 1 Assistant Professor, Dept. of CSE, SVCE, [email protected] 2 UG Student, Dept. of ISE, SVCE, [email protected] 3 UG Student, Dept. of ISE, SVCE, [email protected] 4 UG Student, Dept. of ISE, SVCE, [email protected] ABSTRACT The saying, Health is Wealth tells us that health is an important aspect in days today s life. Emerging technologies are giving rise to new techniques of preserving the important asset or chattel for man. This leads to raise of telemedicine an invention of technology on medicine or the remote diagnosis and treatment of patients by means of telecommunications technology. Earlier slow and fallacious processes are replaced by precise and faultless methods involving fast internet services. Rural healthcare centres can largely benefit from cloud based models in terms of cost reduction and resource utilization. These techniques allow real-time data accessibility with proper authentication. The idea behind the cloud -computing is streaming real time of videos. The gather information allowed presenting on the WEB which can be utilized by authorized medical staff and authorized people. Cloud computing has a radical effect on remote diagnosis. Many professionals from medical are already using advance Telehealth application of cloud computing. Various specialists and researchers, feel that cloud computing can improve healthcare services to an undoubtedly large extent. A Cloud based remotely diagnosis for a patient has advancement in utilization of cloud computing in field of telehealth. It contributes to improve health scenario all over the world. Keywords: Remote Diagnosis, Telemedicine, Cloud Computing, Telecommunication, Telehealth, Streaming Real Time Data, Health care INTRODUCTION As we all know that quality of healthcare services in rural and urban areas is not in proportion becau se of insufficient number of doctors in rural areas, healthcare facilities are very less [1].In India about 68% population are living below poverty, finding themselves for better and easy access to healthcare services. People in rural areas are suffering from severe diseases like dengue, TB, and other infections that may be uncontrollable as cancer. The negligence in rural healthcare system is largely due to lack of specialist physicians in rural sector. On the other side, major success of the healthcare services in urban areas is due to development of industries. Growing Internet services provide several healthcare portals to seek appropriate solutions at a common place [2]. In remote diagnosis consultations where a doctor remotely talks to a patient and advices (via video conferencing) them about health care, and also share their views. Now one might question Without touching a patient how the doctors can accurately diagnose the illness? Or is the doctor at the other side legally available for the diagnoses delivered via a communication link? Using newer technologies in the field of remote diagnosing software rather than just a video conferencing link has increased the clinical value o f the consultation. Depending on the need and availability of Telecommunications infrastructure, Remote diagnosis uses a variety of communication transmission modes including Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN), Local Area Network (LAN), Digital Subscriber Line, Internet, digital wireless, and the Satellite [3]. 2 LITERATURE SURVEY 2.1 Remote Diagnosis via Telemedicine Telemedicine is the use of telecommunication and information technologies in order to provide clinical health care at a distance anywhere and anytime in the world. Telemedicine is a method of providing health care based on the individual patient s information that can be viewed from images transmitted from distant areas. Telecare is a related term to provision at a distance for nursing and community support to a patient. Telehealth refers to public health service delivered at a distance, to people who wish to remain healthy and independent

2 [4].Telehealth and remote diagnosis and treatment facilitate the exchange of electronic information, such as medical images and real-time videos for remote monitoring, remote diagnosis, telesurgery and other forms of medical services [5]. Remote diagnosis has been viewed as the great healthcare hope, a technology that can transform the health statistics of rural India. It s taking a doctor and medical help to an area where it did not exist before. Telepathy, teleradiology, teleophthalmology these are the ways of accurately diagnosing from a distance. 2.2 Remote Services in India The health of a nation is the combination and interaction of many factors and forces. Economic growth, per capita income, literacy, education, age at marriage, birth rates, information on health care and nutrition, access to safe drinking water, public and private health care infrastructure, preventive health and medical care and the health insurance are the contributing factors. The advances in medical science and biomedical engineering on one side and Information and Communication Technology (ICT) on the other are offering wide opportunities for improved health care [7]. Many developing E-health projects help people living in rural areas to obtain improved health care services. Various private and government organizations have already participated in implementation of Remote diagnosis in developing Countries. Using newer technologies in the field-remote diagnosis software rather than just using a video-conferencing link-has increased the clinical value of the consultation. The fact of India s health care situation is as follows: 1. A recent survey by the Indian medical society has found 75% of the qualifying consulting doctors practice in urban centres and 23% in semi-urban areas and only 2% in rural areas whereas majority of patients come from rural areas. 2. Hospital beds/1000 people are.19% in rural and 2.2% in urban areas [1]. Fig-1: health care survey with respect to doctor Emergence in remote medicine has shown significant reduction in the cost of healthcare deployment and increased efficiency through systematic creation of records. Using remote diagnosis equipments, health of people living in rural areas can be monitored and collected data can be transmitted to data servers located in the city hospitals, which is made available to the expert doctors. The use of technology to deliver healthcare from a distance has been proved as an effective way of overcoming several barriers to care in rural areas like about 68% of Indian population stay in rural areas thus living below poverty line, if we look at availability of transportation facilities they don t get the advanced and technological facilities that forces them to stress under the name of work. 2.3 Issues to Develop Remote Diagnosis and Treatment 1) Infrastructural Issues: It involves poor bandwidth in some disease as while cost expensive in others. 2) Implementation Issues: In order to implement this, training is needed at the village end for technicians, IT staff and local doctors. 3) Acceptance Issues: For village doctor and villagers, using high end technology may be too obstructing. However, once the benefits are seen, the acceptance rate will likely be high such as has been seen with mobile telephony and rural internet services. 4) Viability Issues: In India, Remote diagnosis has been largely a free offering by large hospital groups. It has also the effect of improving their bed occupancy in case when a telepatient requires hospitalization and becomes real impatient [1]. 5) Some other Issues : Huge Investment, More IT Staff for management, Not possible to adopt for all healthcare organizations including rural healthcare centres, Lack of Computer equipment, Lack of computer skills, Lack of internet connection, Cost of internet connection, Lack of information, Lack of Training and technical support, Lack of Electricity, Lack of Service providers etc [8].

3 3. BENEFITS OF USING CLOUD-COMPUTING Cloud has left all other distributed computing structures or mechanisms far behind both in competition and in terms of popularity and success. The primary reason is that, any service can be scaled up or down as and when required, based on needs of consumer s. Cloud provide flexibility, quick to production model and offers capital reduction by enabling organizations to port all their data, information and infrastructure to offsite provider hosted premises. Cloud Computing is a combination of existing techno logies that make a paradigm shift in developing and maintaining distributed computing system and making use of multiprocessor, virtualization, network based distributed data storage and networking technologies [11]. 1) Elastic nature of cloud permits numerous consumers to access the cloud concurrently without any Restrictions. 2) Mobile devices no longer have to do all heavy lifting when it comes to running applications. The network handles them instead. 3) The Cloud infrastructure is used to store patient s health information and their personal details 4. ARCHITECTURE FOR PROPOSED MODEL Internet, a dynamic and rapidly evolving aspect allows the health information for both practitioners and consumers continues to expand geometrically. The requirement of the Cloud b ased information system is to create secure, state-of-art facility to store the data / information available in different healthcare centres and to provide access to users in a secured manner, as per their roles and privileges [8]. Traditionally, Remote diagnosis initiative is implemented using client/server architecture. Owing to the large amount of health information which would get accumulated over time in traditional severs; maintenance of huge data becomes a problem. So in this paper cloud computing is used to fill the space of providing healthcare quality to those whose disease can be easily diagnosed with known symptoms and suitable medicine provided as per the needs. Here cloud computing eases the collection and distribution of patient s essential information. This technology refers to both the applications delivered as the services via Internet and hardware and software in data -centres that provide services. Web computing that deals with providing application -as a service is highlighted. Healthcare service providers are just beginning to use Android tablets and Smartphone s to access patient s records. With this increase in tablets, users we aim to build software as an application that can be loaded in tablets and used by doctors. When doctors are far away from the patient or at the time of travel in flight, they can still see the current status of patient through such a system. The concept of video is streaming and cloud computing is combined to develop an application which does not involve complex algorithms. With an effort of a click and required data are made available to doctor s smart phones or tablets. A. Basic Idea: The basic idea behind the remote diagnosis and treatment of patients is to reduce the work load and to speed up the medical analysis even when mobility of patient persists. Fig-2: Accessing medical information through the Cloud B. Requirement: This application required a measurement device, a smart phone (or a tab), personal computer with internet connection on the patients side.

4 C. Procedure: The measurement device is directly attached with the patient. Modern medical equipments are available with an Ethernet port, which can be used to get LAN connected with the personal computers. Cloud computing is essentially the use of remote servers hosted on Internet to store and manage huge data. If a doctor contacts the patient via a web camera using cloud computing. Doctor s computer is accessing the software stored on the remote server. Software connects the doctor s video and audio stream to the patient s computer and data which enables to see and speak to patients in real time. D. Flow Diagrams Fig-3: Home page, admin and patient control flow diagram. According to the figure 3 to access the Health Care system users (Admin, Doctor, and Patient) need to Login and new user Register themselves. In the figure on the right admin login is validated to access his functions like Add the doctor, view patients and doctor details etc. Here admin acts as authenticator between patient and the doctor, In the same way doctor login is validated to access his functions like view Appointment and patient s details, and Doctor can consult other expertise physicians, similarly even patient need to register themselves before to get information or to contact doctors in order to get appointment etc. Other telehealth fields where cloud computing is used are: 1) physicians using web-based cloud computing in a basic form some doctors and hospitals allows their patients to view their medical records, contact their physician, monitor the prescription and schedule appointments from their home computers. 2) Emergency room physicians use advance cloud computing (e.g. videoconferencing) using real time device like teleeeg to transmit data to distant areas. 3) Surgeons are also using cloud computing to control robotic surgery. 4) Cloud computing can also be made applicable for administrative tasks of a healthcare. Patient admission, scheduling and monitoring are performed remotely. 5. PRESENT STATUS OF REMOTE DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT INVOLVING CLOUD COMPUTING According to survey conducted, healthcare related cloud based applications fall into five categories. 1. EMS is an emergency medical system that accesses personal health records of patients and helps provide timely care [12]. It mainly consists of three components, Personal Health Record (PHR) platform, EMS application and a Portal to access the former. The PHR platform is composed of a user interface and medical recorder pository. The user interface allows patients to access their own medical history data and authorized healthcare professionals to access appropriate parts of the data. While the EMS application stores emergency medical information along with application software. The application software includes a number of web services that are only accessible by authorized personnel in the ambulance and the emergency department. 2. HCX is a distributed web interactive system that provides a private cloud-based data sharing service allowing dynamic discovery of various health records and related healthcare services. HCX allows sharing

5 health records between different Electronic Health Record (EHR) systems. It automatically adapts to changes in the cloud. 3. Health ATM kiosks are developed for patients to manage their own personal health data. It provides timely access to relevant health data of the patient and strengthens the patient s communication with their care providers. Individuals can review personal account information and perform transactions to manage their care online. 4. DICOM-based system is based on Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine to deal with the high volume of medical images and diagnostic imaging procedure traditional healthcare information Technology stores and manages image archives onsite technology stores and manages image archives onsite using the internal hospital network. The network is protected by a firewall. is mobile healthcare information management system that is based on cloud computing and Android OS. It enables healthcare data storage, update and retrieval using Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3) [1]. 6. BENEFITS AND BARRIERS OF REMOTE DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT 6.1 Benefits of Remote Diagnosis and Treatment: Before invention of these technologies individual patient s records should have been stored safely in doctor s cabin, but now the communication between patient and doctor may be done on cloud. Remote diagnosis is cheaper than face-to-face outreach or clinic activities and patients accepted remote treatment as a valid form of continuity with healthcare professionals. Remote diagnosis is feasible means of delivery, multidisciplinary care to frail nursing home residents and may result in increased productivity and significant savings. 6.2 Barriers in Remote Diagnosis and Treatment: Since remote diagnosis systems are located in the hospital premises, the medical staffs who are busy with their routine work find it sometimes difficult to operate or attend to the practical operations of the these system [7]. Many potential remote diagnosis projects have been hampered by the lack of appropriate telecommunication technology. 1) Telephone lines do not regularly supply adequate bandwidth for most remote diagnosis applications. 2) Many rural areas do not have cable wiring or other kinds of telecommunications access required for use of remote diagnosis application. CONCLUSION In this paper, we tried to focus on how cloud computing can be used effectively for remotely diagnosis treatment for patient to provide great convenience for both the patients as well as the physicians. Healthcare and medical communities that are separated by distance could benefit from these latest advances in telecommunication and information technologies. Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India has been working hard to develop a National Policy on remote diagnosis and treatment, e- health which will benefit all the stake holders and facilitate promotion of remote diagnosis and integration of this technology in prevailing health system to develop electronic healthcare delivery system and tele-education in health science. Using this doctor and patient both will be benefited. ACKNOWLEDGMENT This work was supported by Mrs. Pankaja R, Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science And Engineering, Sri Venkateshwara College of Engineering (SVCE). We would like to thank our friends for being supportive with us all through our work.

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