MODIS Collection-6 Standard Snow-Cover Products

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1 MODIS Collection-6 Standard Snow-Cover Products Dorothy K. Hall 1 and George A. Riggs 1,2 1 Cryospheric Sciences Laboratory, NASA / GSFC, Greenbelt, Md. USA 2 SSAI, Lanham, Md. USA

2 MODIS Collection-6 Standard Snow-Cover Products 500-m resolution daily snow cover at the swath level 500-m daily snow-cover tile products gridded to sinusoidal projection 5-km daily climate-modeling grid (CMG) snow cover 500-m 8-day composite snow-cover tile products gridded to sinusoidal projection 5-km 8-day composite climate-modeling grid (CMG) snow cover 5-km monthly snow cover New! 500 m and 5 km cloud-gap-filled (CGF) daily snow cover 500 m snow cover extent using surface reflectance input (improved accuracy in less-than-ideal viewing conditions)

3 Terra MODIS Image of Snowstorm in the Northeastern U.S. Acquired on 28 December 2010

4 500-m resolution daily snow cover at the swath level Images acquired on 28 December 2010 showing the result of a major snowstorm in the northeastern United States. cloud Binary snowcover map cloud cloud Fractional snowcover map Low SCF cloud High SCF

5 500-m daily snow cover tile products gridded to sinusoidal projection cloud snow % snow cover Non-snow covered land MODIS Aqua true-color image (left) and fractional snow-cover map (right) acquired on December 23, 2011

6 5-km 8-day composite climate-modeling grid (CMG) snow cover

7 Sequence of MODIS Snow Maps (CGF) 1 6 January 2013 cloud 1 Jan 2013

8 2 Jan 2013

9 3 Jan 2013

10 4 Jan 2013

11 5 Jan 2013

12 6 Jan 2013

13 New! 500 m cloud-gap-filled (CGF) daily snow cover Cloud-gap filled (CGF) cloud-persistence count (CPC) snow-cover map. The CPC provides quality assurance (QA) information in each pixel or cell.

14 Collection-6 (C6) Algorithm Improvements Dropped the binary snow product in C5 only fractional snow algorithm will be provided using the full range of NDSI from ; no binary product will be distributed; Dropped the surface temperature screen that erroneously reversed snow detection on mountains during spring and summer in C5; Added new screens to alleviate snow commission errors; Increased data information content in the QA data to enable better evaluation of the snow cover; QA flags set for screens applied.

15 Deleterious Effect of the C5 Surface-Temperature Screen on Spring Snow-Cover Mapping in the Sierra Nevada Mts., USA Collection 6 FSC Map Collection 5 FSC Map C5 / C6 difference Red shows how much snow was not mapped due to the temperature screen in C5 3 May 2010

16 Some Uses of the MODIS Snow- Cover Products Hydrology : for development of snow-cover depletion curves; Climatology: for monitoring snow cover extent and duration; Modeling: validation of model output and updating surface variables.

17 Suomi Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) Snow-Cover Products Suomi NPP with VIIRS was launched in October 2012; VIIRS binary snow-cover algorithm based on the MODIS algorithm; Higher spatial resolution than MODIS (375 m); No pixel distortion across a scan; Wider swath, no orbit gaps compared to MODIS; Primarily for operational user community; NASA developing EDRs for climate science ; Expected continuity with MODIS to make CDRs.

18 VIIRS Snow-Cover Maps 12 February 2012 Left binary snow map Right fractional snowcover map

19 Continuation of MODIS and VIIRS snow data records Reprocessing will begin in 2013 for MODIS Collection 6 (C6) for both the Terra and Aqua snow-cover products; Major features of Collection 6: Surface temperature screen has been removed, allowing improved mapping of spring snow cover; A daily cloud-gap-filled (CGF) snow-cover product will be available; Reduction in snow commission errors with new screens applied; Surface reflectance based algorithm may slightly increase accuracy of snow cover detection. Suomi Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) snow-cover products are continuing the MODIS snow-cover algorithms (at least for the binary product); How long will the MODIS instruments operate? Transition from MODIS to VIIRS record will occur sometime?? in the future.

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