Big Data Assimilation Revolutionizing Weather Prediction
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1 February 23, 2015, ISDA2015, Kobe Big Data Assimilation Revolutionizing Weather Prediction M. Kunii, J. Ruiz, G.-Y. Lien, K. Kondo, S. Otsuka, Y. Maejima, and Takemasa Miyoshi* RIKEN Advanced Institute for Computational Science *PI and presenting, S. Satoh, T. Ushio, H. Tomita, Y. Ishikawa, K. Bessho, H. Seko
2 Data Assimilation (DA) Observations Numerical models Data Assimilation Vaisala Data assimilation best combines observations and a model, and brings synergy.
3 Data Assimilation (DA) Observations Numerical models Data Assimilation >2
4 Numerical Weather Prediction An example of synchronizing chaos Forecast Forecast Model Simulation Analysis Observation Analysis Analysis Observation True atmosphere (Unknown) time
5 We consider the evolution of PDF Analysis ensemble mean R Obs. Analysis w/ errors FCST ensemble mean T=t0 T=t1 T=t2
6 Global 870-m simulation (Miyamoto et al. 2013) JAMSTEC AORI (SPIRE Field3), RIKEN/AICS Visualized by Ryuji Yoshida
7 Computers getting more powerful With the post-k supercomputer (~2020), we can afford 100 members of global 870-m simulation. Or a larger ensemble at a lower resolution? The Japanese 10-Peta-Flops K computer
8
9
10 Advantage of large ensemble 100 members (Miyoshi, Kondo, Imamura 2014) members Sampling noise reduced High-precision probabilistic representation Cf. P-26 Kondo, Tue
11 Toward next 20 years of DA Big Data Assimilation Era Exploding data Courtesy of S. Shima Big Data Enabling effective use Big Data High-resolution simulation More computational power High-resolution obs Advanced obs technology
12 Next-generation geostationary satellite Himawari-8 was launched successfully on 7 October Himawari-9 will be launched in Super Rapid Scan every 30 seconds Full Disk 10 min. 2.5 min. Rapid Scan 30 sec. Super Rapid Scan (Courtesy of JMA)
13 Rapid scan effective for convections Typical lifetime of a convective system ~30 min. Satellite imagery captures developing convections. Chisholm, A. J. and Renick, J. H. (1972) Radar captures rain particles after the developing stage. (may be too late )
14 Phased Array Radar (courtesy of NICT) Conventional Radar ~15 scan angles Every 5-10 minutes Phased Array Radar ~100 scan angles Every seconds
15 Conventional Radar (every 5 min.)
16 Phased Array Radar (every 30 sec.)
17 Two PAR in Kobe area NICT Kobe r = 60 km KOBE Osaka Univ.
18 Exploring new data: live-camera images? 1. Reduced/extracted information (e.g., weather type, visibility) (challenge) Automated image processing 2. Simulating images from model outputs (challenge) precise 3-dimensional radiation model
19 Towards Big Data Assimilation High-resolution simulation Combination of next-generation technologies Big Data Assimilation Improving simulations High-resolution observation
20 Storm forecasting with Big Data Assimilation 5 people died in Kobe on July 28, 2008, due to local heavy rainfall Just in 10 min. Goal: 30-min forecasting of local severe weather through Big Data Assimilation innovations.
21 Revolutionary super-rapid 30-sec. cycle Obs data processing ~2GB Obs data processing ~2GB DA (2PFLOP) 380GB 3GB 30-sec. Ensemble forecasting (2PFLOP) 2.5TB DA (2PFLOP) 30-min. forecasting (1.2PFLOP) 380GB 3GB 30-sec. Ensemble forecasting (2PFLOP) 2.5TB D (2PF 30-min. forecasting (1.2PFL Time (sec.) Computing requirement: 250TFLOPS (effective) Equiv. to 1/4 of the K computer 120 times more rapid than the hourly Rapid Refresh
22 A case selected for the first offline study The top page of Yomiuri newspaper on 14 July, 2013
23 Phased Array Radar (2013/7/13, 14:00 16:20 KYOTO Mt IKOMA NARA OSAKA Mt ROKKO KOBE OSAKA BAY 10fps 300x 23
24 30-sec. and 5-min. evolutions (Miyoshi et al. 2015) 5 min 30 sec nonlinear evolution linear evolution
25 Impact of Big Data Assimilation 15:00:30 JST after the first assimilation NO DA WITH DA Observation 15:06:00 JST after the 12th assimilation NO DA WITH DA Observation
26 Vertical section NO DA 15:06:00 JST WITH DA Observation
27 Thermodynamic structure 15:06:00 JST
28 Forecasts 10-min. 15:06:00 JST 15:16:00 JST NO DA WITH DA Observation 20-min. 15:06:00 JST 15:26:00 JST
29 RMS Errors
30 Toward seamless prediction t=0 t=10 min. t=20 min. Nowcasting Convection model (adopted from JMA webpage) A nowcasting system taking advantage of the dense/frequent PAWR data is explored.
31 Making sense of Big Data for local severe storms: Real time processing of three dimensional 30 second update radar data AICS HPC Internship program S. Otsuka, G. Tuerhong, J. Ruiz, and T. Miyoshi Data Assimilation Research Team Intern students: R. Kikuchi (Tohoku Univ.), Y. Kitano (Hokkaido Univ.), and Y. Taniguchi (Univ. of Hyogo) CREST Big Data Assimilation project: H. Tomita, H. Seko, K. Bessho, S. Satoh, T. Ushio, and Y. Ishikawa
32 AICS HPC Internship program 2014 Three intern students from 8/29 to 9/19 R. Kikuchi (Tohoku Univ.) Y. Kitano (Hokkaido Univ.) Y. Taniguchi (Univ. of Hyogo) Kitano Kikuchi Taniguchi
33 A nowcasting system using PAWR Fully utilize the new vertically dense and super rapid PAWR 100 m horizontal, 100 level vertical resolutions 30 second time resolution PAWR can capture high precision 3D rain motion High precision forecasts with a few minute lead Purely based on PAWR data
34 2D vs. 3D 3D motion extrapolation Pure image processing (a.k.a. optical flow) Rain echo in the sky Detecting motion Extrapolation Rain t = t 0 2 t = t 0 1 t = t 0 (Now) t = t (Future)
35 A real case: sky to the ground in 10 min. 17:30:16 17:32:16 17:34:16 17:36:16 17:38:16 17:40:16 17:42:16 17:44:16 10 km ( 高 度 ) 35
36 An idealized case: simulated rain Intensifying Intensifying Not intensifying (Otsuka et al. 2015)
37 Vertical cross sections Falling from sky (Otsuka et al. 2015)
38 Threat scores 3D is better than 2D! (Otsuka et al. 2015)
39 With the real Phased Array Radar observed 90-sec forecasts (Otsuka et al. 2015)
40 Predictability explored with Bred Vectors (Otsuka and Miyoshi 2015) To understand the 30-sec. updates meteorologically (Kalnay, 2003) Insights in meteorology O(sec.) O(min.)
41 BV norm evolution (θ [K], z = 5 km) rescaled 5 min. (Otsuka and Miyoshi 2015) rescaled 1 min. 0.1 rescaled 30 sec min 30min 60min
42 Vertical structure of BV (θ) 30 second breeding cycle (Otsuka and Miyoshi 2015)
43 Different breeding intervals (Otsuka and Miyoshi 2015) 30 seconds 1 minute Temp. bred vectors at 5 km 5 minutes Vertical winds
44 Perturbations in the free run 0:10:00 0:15:00 (Otsuka and Miyoshi 2015) 0.4 rms θ :00 15:00 Time
45 Exploring dense surface observations (Maejima et al. 2015) POTEKAⅡ by Meisei Electric (on the roof of RIKEN AICS) Kobe city elementary schools 8 stations implemented
46 OSSE performed (a) PAWR only (Maejima et al. 2015) 1-km resolution, 1 min cycle. Rain analysis after 50 cycles. (b) 8points of ground data (c) 167points of ground data (d) Nature run
47 Dense/frequent ground data impact (167 stations) (Maejima et al. 2015)
48 Future perspectives Explore a 30-sec. super-rapid DA cycle thorough innovating the Big Data Assimilation technology. Funded by Japanese post-k supercomputer planned in 2020 May Tokyo 2020 be a good place to demonstrate?
Recent activities on Big Data Assimilation in Japan
August 17, 2014, WWOSC, Montreal, Canada Recent activities on Big Data Assimilation in Japan M. Kunii, J. Ruiz, K. Kondo, and Takemasa Miyoshi* RIKEN Advanced Institute for Computational Science *PI and
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