Application of TanDEM-X interferometry in volcano monitoring using Merapi, Indonesia and Volcán de Colima, Mexico as test sites

Transcription

1 , Malte Westerhaus, Bernhard Heck Application of TanDEM-X interferometry in volcano monitoring using Merapi, Indonesia and Volcán de Colima, Mexico as test sites, Department of Civil Engineering, Geo and Environmental Sciences Merapi, July 2012 KIT University of the State of Baden-Wuerttemberg and National Research Center of the Helmholtz Association Funded by the German Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology (BMWi) & DLR

2 Scope of the study Motivation: The repeat pass intervals of current radar satellite missions are between 11 and 35 days low coherence in summit areas, near lava domes and above lava flows Akutan, Alaska General aim: Analysis of the capacity of the TanDEM-X mission to monitor topographic changes of dome building volcanoes Lu et al., 2005 Mt. St. Helens Soufrière Hills Volcano topography is an important parameter in volcano research allows to estimate volume growth rates, volume changes and mass loss suffered during an eruption Mastin, GSA, 1994 Wadge et al., Geology,

3 Monostatic vs. bistatic InSAR Repeat-pass missions (monostatic) insar topo def atm orbit scat noise Often problematic along volcanoes TanDEM-X (bistatic) insar topo def atm orbit scat noise = No problem any longer Krieger et al Enables to quantify volumetric mass movements

4 Data processing Radar Image 1 Phase Information Interferogram (@DLR) Phase Information Radar Image 2 2 time

5 Merapi, Java, Indonesia Merapi 2010 eruption Explosive eruption on 26 Oct destroyed the 2006 lava dome a phase of rapid dome growth followed new dome was destroyed again on 4th- 5th Nov. New dome was built on 6th Nov. decending Data overview 10/15/ /24/ /14/ /09/

6 Intensity images 15.Oct Oct

7 Analysis of Merapi DEM cross sections

8 Height change m³ m³ m³ m³ Pallister et al. 2012: ~ m

9 Merapi - 3D model shadow layover

10 Volcán de Colima, Mexico Stratocone volcano located on the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt 100-year cycles dominated by dome growth and intermittent eruptions, culminating in complete dome destructions Varley et al Volcano dome 23. Nov Recent eruptive activity 4 episodes of dome growth New activity since January

11 Data overview 06/08/ /19/ /20/ /30/ /12/ /11/ /22/2011 Analysis 1 07/23/ /14/2011 ascending 08/02/ /24/ /04/2011 decending

12 DEM Cross Sections June August 2011 ASCENDING June 21, 2011 A small explosion signalled the end of ascending magma. Height change to small to be observed with TanDEM-X?

13 DEM Cross Sections, W-E June September 2011 DESCENDING Height change is visible with TanDEM-X!!!

14 Height change June 2011 DESCENDING m³ m³ m³ m³ m³ m³ Nick Varley: m

15 Data overview 06/08/ /19/ /20/ /30/ /12/ /11/ /22/2011 Analysis 1 07/23/ /14/2011 ascending 08/02/ /24/ /04/ /16/ /27/2012 decending 11/06/ /17/ /28/ /20/ /31/2012 Analysis 2 01/01/ /12/ /23/ /03/ /14/ /25/ /22/ /08/

16 DEM cross sections, W-E November 2012 January 3013 ASCENDING January 06, 2013 Phreatic eruption? January 29, 2013 Ash plume

17 DEM cross sections, W-E November 2012 January 3013 DESCENDING

18 DEM cross sections, W-E November 2012 January 3013 DESCENDING January 06, 2013 Phreatic eruption!

19 Height change DESCENDING mean stdev 12/20/ /31/ /20/ /22/ /31/ /22/

20 Coherence DESCENDING mean stdev 12/20/ /22/ ASCENDING mean stdev 02/14/ /08/

21 Intensity DESCENDING ASCENDING

22 Further research Fusion of DEMs from the ascending and descending orbit to improve the accuracy of the volume estimates descending ascending Surono et al Validation with ground-truth data in collaboration with the local volcano observatory in Indonesia & UGM and other research groups Accuracy evaluation of the Digital Elevation Models Estimation of magma ascent rates and material fluxes

23 Volume change Coherence

24 Aufnahmegeometrie und Kohärenz Surono et al

25 Coherence DESCENDING mean stdev Bperp 12/20/ /31/ /22/