Editing Common Polygon Boundary in ArcGIS Desktop 9.x

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1 Editing Common Polygon Boundary in ArcGIS Desktop 9.x Article ID : Software : ArcGIS ArcView 9.3, ArcGIS ArcEditor 9.3, ArcGIS ArcInfo 9.3 (or higher versions) Platform : Windows XP, Windows Vista Date : October 20, 2009 Introduction When you edit adjacent polygons, you may want to modify the shape of one polygon so that the shape of the adjacent polygon will be updated as well by editing their common boundaries. The built-in tool in ArcMap called Map Topology can help you to achieve this. A map topology is a simple topology that you can impose upon simple features on a map during an edit session. It is available in ArcView, ArcEditor and ArcInfo and allows you to simultaneously edit simple features that overlap or touch each other in ArcMap. You can use the Topology Edit tool on the Topology toolbar and the Modify Edge and Reshape Edge edit tasks to edit the features in a map topology. The features can be in one or more feature classes and may have different geometries. A map topology can be applied to simple features in a shapefile or to simple feature classes in a geodatabase. The feature classes that participate in the map topology must be in the same folder or geodatabase. However, a map topology cannot be applied to feature classes that have already participated in a geometric network. In a map topology, there are topological relationships between the parts of features that are coincident. You can specify the feature classes that you want to participate in the map topology. You can also choose the distance, or cluster tolerance, that defines how close together edges and vertices must be in order to be considered coincident. The following steps demonstrate how to use Map Topology function to edit common polygon boundaries so that both polygon shapes will be updated together. All rights reserved. P. 1 of 8

2 1 Procedures of Creating Map Topology 1.1 Open ArcMap, add your data and prepare the cartography you need. There are 4 adjacent polygons in this example: 1.2 Open the Topology toolbar by clicking View > Toolbars > Topology, you will find that the functions on the toolbar are disabled. You will need to start an editing session to activate the Map Topology function: 1.3 Open the Editor toolbar and Start Editing: Click Editor > Start Editing to start an edit session. Click this button to switch on the Editor toolbar. All rights reserved. P. 2 of 8

3 1.4 The Editor and Topology toolbars are activated and the Map Topology function is now ready to use: Map Topology 1.5 Click the Map Topology button and the following dialog will appear: Check the layer(s) that will participate into the Map Topology and set the Cluster Tolerance. The cluster tolerance that you specify is used to determine which parts of the features are coincident and which edges and nodes in the topology are shared. The cluster tolerance is typically a small actual ground distance. Setting large cluster tolerances can result in features being collapsed or distorted when vertices with a given feature snap together. This polygon layer is selected to participate into Map Topology, all polygon features inside it can be edited using topology editing tools. You may choose to use default value for Cluster Tolerance. All rights reserved. P. 3 of 8

4 1.6 Click OK after configurations to close the dialog, you will find that Map Topology is created and being shown in the Topology Toolbar, the Topology Edit Tool is activated as well: Created Map Topology Topology Edit Tool activated 2 Editing Common Polygon Boundary with Topology Edit Tool and Topology Edit Tasks 2.1 Click the Topology Edit Tool and select the common polygon boundary, the selected boundary will appear with Pink color as shown below: 2.2 Zoom in the editing area: All rights reserved. P. 4 of 8

5 2.3 Click the Task dropdown list on the Editor Toolbar to select Topology Tasks: 2.4 Choose Modify Edge, you will see that vertices of the common boundary will appear: All rights reserved. P. 5 of 8

6 2.5 Hover your mouse pointer on one of the vertex and you can now move the vertex as you wish: 2.6 Click F2 on your keyboard when you finish editing, this is a shortcut key for Finish Sketch, you will see that the shapes of both adjacent polygons are updated: All rights reserved. P. 6 of 8

7 2.7 We then try the Reshape Edge edit task, click the Task dropdown list on the Editor Toolbar to select Reshape Edge under Topology Tasks: 2.8 Click the Sketch Tool and draw sketch on the common boundary, the diagram below is an example, it is using the Arc sketch tool to draw sketch: All rights reserved. P. 7 of 8

8 2.9 Click F2 on your keyboard when you finish editing, you will see that the shapes of both adjacent polygons are updated: 2.10 Save your edits and stop editing. The End All rights reserved. P. 8 of 8