Distance Education as a Training Tool for Health Professionals: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials

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1 Distance Education as a Training Tool for Health Professionals: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials Patrícia de Oliveira Dias, Crislaine Padilha, Silvia Goldmeier and Clarissa Rodrigues Nurse of e-health Centre of Institute of Cardiology of Rio Grande do Sul Brazil Coordinator Nurse of AGM Telessaúde Brasil e-health Company Master s Student of University Foundation of Cardiology of Rio Grande do Sul - Brazil

2 INTRODUCTION: The demand for distance education increases annually United States - 3.7% increase in 2014 Academic leaders (74.1%) indicate that learning is equal to or greater than the face-to-face Distance education is a sustainable method for offering courses

3 INTRODUCTION: Long distances Misallocation of resources Dolea C, et al. Bull World Health Organ. 2010;88: Lima C, et al. Radiol Bras. 2007;40(5):

4 OBJECTIVE: To compare, through a systematic review and metaanalysis, the level of knowledge acquired from distance education versus face-to-face education for health professionals.

5 METHODS: Prospero (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews) - REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis).

6 METHODS: Inclusion Criteria: Randomized clinical trials (RCT) Professionals from health area Articles comparing face-to-face versus distance education

7 METHODS: Exclusion Criteria: Studies analyzing the knowledge of professionals not graduated Other professional areas

8 METHODS: Selection bias Risk of bias Random sequence generation; Allocation concealment. Performance bias Detection bias Attrition bias Reporting bias Other bias Blinding of participants and personnel. Blinding of outcome assessment. Incomplete outcome data. Selective reporting. Other sources of bias. Low High Unclear

9 METHODS: Data Analysis: Variables expressed as mean and standard deviation Comparing post-test knowledge between control and experimental groups Random model effects Heterogeneity - I-square index

10 RESULTS

11 Study selection flow diagram: Distance Education as a Training Tool for Health Professionals: METHODS: Study flow diagram:

12 CHARACTERISTICS OF STUDIES: Year of publication between 2005 and 2013 Sample consisted mostly of doctors (75%) and nurses The classes duration varied between 30 minutes and 56 days

13 CHARACTERISTICS OF STUDIES: The majority of the studies evaluated as outcomes Knowledge and skills Outcomes that appeared less frequently: performance of students and instructors, educational environment, satisfaction of trainees and instructors, attitudes and effectiveness.

14 STUDIES BIAS RISK Distance Education as a Training Tool for Health Professionals:

15 RESULTS: Comparison of post-test knowledge between e-learning and face-to-face groups:

16 RESULTS: Heterogeneity analysis of the studies:

17 RESULTS: Comparison of post-test knowledge between e-learning and face-to-face groups:

18 CONCLUSION: The levels of knowledge acquired from face-to-face and distance education were demonstrated to be similar. Distance education can be used as a tool to offer continuing education to health professionals.

19 CONCLUSION: Next steps are: To develop studies to assess what teaching method is more effective for distance education. To conduct studies with higher methodological quality, especially with regard to data that may increase the risk of bias.

20 Distance Education as a Training Tool for Health Professionals: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials QUESTIONS? Patrícia de Oliveira Dias, Crislaine Padilha, Silvia Goldmeier and Clarissa Rodrigues Nurse of e-health Centre of Institute of Cardiology of Rio Grande do Sul Brazil Coordinator Nurse of AGM Telessaúde Brasil e-health Company Master Degree Student of University Foundation of Cardiology of Rio Grande do Sul - Brazil

21 Distance Education as a Training Tool for Health Professionals: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials THANK YOU VERY MUCH! Patrícia de Oliveira Dias patricia.telecardio@gmail.com Nurse of e-health Centre of Institute of Cardiology of Rio Grande do Sul Brazil Coordinator Nurse of AGM Telessaúde Brasil e-health Company Master Degree Student of University Foundation of Cardiology of Rio Grande do Sul - Brazil

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