Glossary. Barrel. A standard oil barrel is approximately equal to 35 Imperial gallons (42 U.S. gallons) or approximately 159 litres.

Transcription

1 Glossary API Gravity Barrel Bitumen Bitumen Blend Coker Condensate Crude oil (Conventional) Crude Oil (heavy) A specific gravity scale developed by the American Petroleum Institute (API) for measuring the relative density or viscosity of various petroleum liquids. A standard oil barrel is approximately equal to 35 Imperial gallons (42 U.S. gallons) or approximately 159 litres. A heavy, viscous oil that must be processed extensively to convert it into a crude oil before it can be used by refineries to produce gasoline and other petroleum products. In this report, bitumen blend includes upgraded heavy sour crude oil, and bitumen to which light oil fractions (ie diluent or upgraded crude oil) have been added in order to reduce its viscosity and density to meet pipeline specifications. The processing unit in which bitumen is cracked into lighter fractions and withdrawn to start the conversion of bitumen into upgraded crude oil. A mixture of mainly pentanes and heavier hydrocarbons. It may be gaseous in its reservoir state but is liquid at the conditions under which its volumes is measured or estimated. A mixture of pentanes and heavier hydrocarbons that is recovered or is recoverable at a well from an underground reservoir. It is liquid at the conditions under which its volumes is measured or estimated and includes all other hydrocarbon mixtures so recovered or recoverable except raw gas, condensate, or bitumen. Crude oil is deemed, in this report, to be heavy crude oil if it has an API of 27º or less. No differentiation is made between sweet and sour crude oil that falls in the heavy category because heavy crude oil is generally sour. Crude Oil (medium) Crude oil is deemed, in this report, to be medium crude oil if it has an API greater than 27º but less than 30º. No differentiation is made between sweet and sour crude oil that falls in the medium category because medium crude oil is generally sour. Crude oil (synthetic) Density Dilbit Diluent Extraction Feedstock Integrated mining project In Situ recovery Merchant upgrader A mixture of hydrocarbons, similar to crude oil, derived by upgrading bitumen from the oil sands. The mass of matter per unit volume. Bitumen that has been reduced in viscosity through addition of a diluent (or solvent) such as condensate or naphtha. Lighter viscosity petroleum products that are used to dilute bitumen for transportation in pipelines. A process unique to the oil sands industry, in which bitumen is separated from their source (oil sands). In this report, feedstock refers to the raw material supplied to a refinery or oil sands upgrader. A combined mining and upgrading operation where oil sands are mined from open pits. The bitumen is then separated from the sand and upgraded by a refining process. The process of recovering crude bitumen from oil sands other than by surface mining. Processing facilities that are not linked to any specific extraction project but is designed to accept raw bitumen on a contract basis from producers. Crude Oil Forecast, Markets & Pipeline Expansions 30

2 Oil Oil sands Oil Sands Deposit Pentanes Plus PADD Refined Petroleum Products Specification SynBit Upgrading Condensate, crude oil, or a constituent of raw gas, condensate, or crude oil that is recovered in processing and is liquid at the conditions under which its volume is measured or estimated. Refers to a mixture of sand and other rock materials containing crude bitumen or the crude bitumen contained in those sands. A natural reservoir containing or appearing to contain an accumulation of oil sands separated or appearing to be separated from any other such accumulation. The ERCB has designated three areas in Alberta as oil sands areas. A mixture mainly of pentanes and heavier hydrocarbons that ordinarily may contain some butanes and is obtained from the processing of raw gas, condensate or crude oil. Petroleum Administration for Defense District that defines a market area for crude oil in the U.S. End products in the refining process (e.g. gasoline). Defined properties of a crude oil or refined petroleum product. A blend of bitumen and synthetic crude oil that has similar properties to medium sour crude oil. The process that converts bitumen or heavy crude oil into a product with a lower density and viscosity. West Texas Intermediate WTI is a light sweet crude oil, produced in the United States, which is the benchmark grade of crude oil for North American price quotations. 31 Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers

3 APPENDIX A Acronyms, Abbreviations, Units and Conversion Factors Acronyms Canadian Provincial Abbreviations API CAPP CSS DRA EIA ERCB IEA PADD S SAGD U.S. WCSB WTI American Petroleum Institute Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers Cyclic Steam Stimulation Drag Reducing Agent Energy Information Administration (Alberta) Energy & Resources Conservation Board International Energy Agency Petroleum Administration for Defense District sulphur Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage United States Western Canada Sedimentary Basin West Texas Intermediate AB Alberta BC British Columbia MB Manitoba NWT Northwest Territories ON Ontario QC Québec Units b/d barrels per day Conversion Factor 1 cubic metre = barrels (oil) U.S. State Abbreviations AL Alabama AK Alaska AZ Arizona AR Arkansas CA California CO Colorado CT Connecticut DE Delaware GA Georgia ID Idaho IL Illinois IN Indiana IA Iowa KS Kansas KY Kentucky LA Louisiana ME Maine MD Maryland MA MI MN MS MO MT NE NV NH NJ NM NY ND OH OK OR PA SD Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania South Dakota TN TX UT VT VA WA WV WI Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Crude Oil Forecast, Markets & Pipeline Expansions 32

4 APPENDIX B.1 CAPP Canadian Crude Oil Production Forecast Growth June 2009 thousand barrels per day Actuals Forecast CONVENTIONAL Light & Medium Alberta B.C Saskatchewan 1, Manitoba N.W.T Total Conv. Light and Medium Heavy Alberta Conv. Heavy Saskatchewan Conv. Heavy 1, Total Conventional Heavy TOTAL CONVENTIONAL 1,053 1,037 1,017 1, PENTANES/CONDENSATE OIL SANDS (BITUMEN & Upgraded Crude Oil) Oil Sands Mining ,055 1,127 1,200 1,216 1,231 1,265 1,354 1,387 1,430 1,504 1,554 1,566 Oil Sands In Situ ,069 1,185 1,303 1,397 1,503 1,578 1,608 1,645 1,695 1,725 1,756 TOTAL OIL SANDS 989 1,111 1,201 1,213 1,391 1,546 1,665 1,743 1,868 2,049 2,196 2,385 2,519 2,628 2,768 2,933 2,995 3,075 3,199 3,279 3,322 WESTERN CANADA OIL PRODUCTION 2,202 2,314 2,383 2,375 2,522 2,652 2,740 2,793 2,891 3,044 3,164 3,327 3,435 3,519 3,635 3,775 3,813 3,870 3,971 4,030 4,052 ATLANTIC CANADA OIL PRODUCTION TOTAL CANADIAN OIL PRODUCTION 2,506 2,618 2,752 2,718 2,807 2,917 2,995 3,018 3,071 3,194 3,289 3,437 3,560 3,709 3,865 4,000 4,028 4,060 4,136 4,170 4,177 OIL SANDS RAW BITUMEN** Oil Sands Mining ,013 1,049 1,102 1,207 1,280 1,354 1,370 1,385 1,421 1,515 1,549 1,593 1,668 1,718 1,730 Oil Sands In Situ ,007 1,082 1,198 1,320 1,419 1,528 1,603 1,633 1,670 1,720 1,750 1,781 TOTAL OIL SANDS 1,065 1,263 1,320 1,306 1,520 1,691 1,816 1,899 2,029 2,214 2,361 2,551 2,691 2,804 2,949 3,118 3,182 3,263 3,388 3,468 3,511 Notes: 1. CAPP allocates Saskatchewan Area III Medium crude as heavy crude. Also 17% of Area IV is > 900 kg/m CAPP has revised from the June 2007 report historical light/heavy ratio for Saskatchewan starting in ** Raw bitumen numbers are highlighted. The oil sands production numbers (as historically published) are a combination of upgraded crude oil and bitumen and therefore incorporate yield losses from integrated upgrader projects. Production from off-site upgrading projects are included in the production numbers as bitumen. 33 Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers

5 APPENDIX B.2 CAPP Canadian Crude Oil Production Forecast Operating & In Construction June 2009 thousand barrels per day Actuals Forecast CONVENTIONAL Light & Medium Alberta B.C Saskatchewan 1, Manitoba N.W.T Total Conv. Light and Medium Heavy Alberta Conv. Heavy Saskatchewan Conv. Heavy 1, Total Conventional Heavy TOTAL CONVENTIONAL 1,053 1,037 1,017 1, PENTANES/CONDENSATE OIL SANDS (BITUMEN & Upgraded Crude Oil) Oil Sands Mining ,012 1,022 1,028 1,034 1,038 1,038 1,038 1,038 1,038 1,038 1,038 1,038 Oil Sands In Situ TOTAL OIL SANDS 989 1,111 1,201 1,213 1,391 1,545 1,659 1,727 1,804 1,892 1,922 1,939 1,949 1,957 1,961 1,966 1,973 1,978 1,981 1,985 1,987 WESTERN CANADA OIL PRODUCTION 2,202 2,314 2,383 2,375 2,522 2,650 2,735 2,777 2,826 2,887 2,890 2,881 2,864 2,848 2,827 2,809 2,791 2,773 2,754 2,736 2,716 ATLANTIC CANADA OIL PRODUCTION TOTAL CANADIAN OIL PRODUCTION 2,506 2,618 2,752 2,718 2,807 2,915 2,990 3,002 3,006 3,037 3,015 2,991 2,989 3,038 3,057 3,034 3,006 2,963 2,919 2,876 2,841 OIL SANDS RAW BITUMEN** Oil Sands Mining ,013 1,047 1,086 1,158 1,168 1,175 1,180 1,184 1,184 1,184 1,184 1,184 1,184 1,184 1,184 Oil Sands In Situ TOTAL OIL SANDS 1,065 1,263 1,320 1,306 1,520 1,689 1,810 1,882 1,962 2,051 2,080 2,098 2,108 2,116 2,120 2,125 2,132 2,137 2,140 2,144 2,145 Notes: 1. CAPP allocates Saskatchewan Area III Medium crude as heavy crude. Also 17% of Area IV is > 900 kg/m CAPP has revised fromthe June 2007 report historical light/heavy ratio for Saskatchewan starting in ** Raw bitumen numbers are highlighted. The oil sands production numbers (as historically published) are a combination of upgraded crude oil and bitumen and therefore incorporate yield losses from integrated upgrader projects. Production from off-site upgrading projects are included in the production numbers as bitumen. Crude Oil Forecast, Markets & Pipeline Expansions 34

6 APPENDIX B.3 CAPP Western Canadian Crude Oil Supply Forecast Moderate Growth June 2009 Blended Supply to Trunk Pipelines and Markets thousand barrels per day Actuals Forecast CONVENTIONAL Total Light and Medium Net Conventional Heavy to Market TOTAL CONVENTIONAL OIL SANDS Upgraded Light (Synthetic) ,002 1,047 1,076 1,134 1,191 1,247 1,279 1,332 1,338 1,340 1,339 Bitumen Blend ,051 1,106 1,160 1,294 1,471 1,567 1,733 1,839 1,886 1,994 2,080 2,109 2,125 2,260 2,354 2,403 TOTAL OIL SANDS AND UPGRADERS 1,204 1,354 1,458 1,497 1,673 1,839 1,960 2,049 2,208 2,427 2,570 2,780 2,915 3,020 3,185 3,327 3,388 3,458 3,597 3,694 3,742 Total Light Supply 1,092 1,148 1,194 1,153 1,283 1,363 1,415 1,437 1,445 1,470 1,501 1,529 1,542 1,584 1,626 1,667 1,684 1,722 1,713 1,702 1,687 Total Heavy Supply 1,098 1,169 1,217 1,283 1,295 1,354 1,392 1,434 1,556 1,722 1,807 1,962 2,058 2,095 2,194 2,271 2,291 2,299 2,425 2,512 2,553 WESTERN CANADA OIL SUPPLY 2,190 2,317 2,411 2,436 2,578 2,717 2,808 2,870 3,001 3,192 3,308 3,492 3,600 3,680 3,820 3,939 3,975 4,021 4,138 4,213 4,240 Notes: 1. Includes upgraded conventional. 2. Includes: a) imported condensate b) manufactured diluent from upgraders and c) upgraded heavy volumes coming from upgraders. 35 Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers

7 APPENDIX B.4 CAPP Western Canadian Crude Oil Supply Forecast Operating & In Construction June 2009 Blended Supply to Trunk Pipelines and Markets thousand barrels per day Actuals Forecast CONVENTIONAL Total Light and Medium Net Conventional Heavy to Market TOTAL CONVENTIONAL OIL SANDS Upgraded Light (Synthetic) Bitumen Blend ,050 1,099 1,138 1,224 1,336 1,371 1,395 1,407 1,418 1,424 1,431 1,440 1,447 1,451 1,456 1,458 TOTAL OIL SANDS AND UPGRADERS 1,204 1,354 1,458 1,497 1,673 1,837 1,953 2,028 2,127 2,244 2,282 2,306 2,319 2,330 2,335 2,342 2,351 2,358 2,362 2,367 2,370 Total Light Supply 1,092 1,148 1,194 1,153 1,283 1,362 1,415 1,438 1,433 1,423 1,410 1,393 1,378 1,363 1,347 1,332 1,316 1,301 1,286 1,273 1,260 Total Heavy Supply 1,098 1,169 1,217 1,283 1,295 1,353 1,385 1,412 1,486 1,587 1,611 1,624 1,626 1,627 1,624 1,621 1,622 1,621 1,617 1,613 1,608 WESTERN CANADA OIL SUPPLY 2,190 2,317 2,411 2,436 2,578 2,715 2,800 2,849 2,920 3,010 3,021 3,017 3,004 2,990 2,970 2,954 2,938 2,921 2,903 2,886 2,868 Notes: 1. Includes upgraded conventional. 2. Includes: a) imported condensate b) manufactured diluent from upgraders and c) upgraded heavy volumes coming from upgraders. Crude Oil Forecast, Markets & Pipeline Expansions 36

8 APPENDIX C.1 Crude Oil Pipeline Expansions and Proposals to U.S. Midwest, Ontario, Québec and the U.S. East Coast Pipeline Originating Point End Point Proposed In-service Date Capacity (thousand b/d) Enbridge Spearhead - North Flanagan, IL Cushing, OK 3Q TransCanada Keystone Hardisty, AB Patoka, IL December Enbridge North Dakota North Dakota Clearbrook, MN January Enbridge Alberta Clipper Hardisty, AB Superior, WI July TransCanada Keystone Cushing Extension KS/NE border Cushing, OK 4Q Enbridge Chicago Connectivity Flanagan, IL Hartsdale 2012/ Enbridge Line 6B Expansion Chicago, IL Sarnia, ON 2012/ to 135 Enbridge Line 6C Griffith, Hartsdale, IN Stockbridge, MI 2012/ TransCanada Heartland Extension Fort Saskatchewan, AB Hardisty, AB 2012/ Enbridge Southern Access Extension (also referred to as part of BP/Enbridge Gulf Access) Flanagan, IL Patoka, IL to 800 Enbridge Line 5 Expansion Superior, WI Sarnia, ON TBD 50 Enbridge Ohio Access Phase 1 Stockbridge, MI Toledo, OH TBD 20 Enbridge Ohio Access Phase 2 Stockbridge, MI Toledo, OH TBD 180 Enbridge Southern Access Expansion Superior, WI Flanagan, IL TBD 800 ExxonMobil Mustang Expansion Lockport, IL Patoka, IL TBD 38 Sunoco Pipeline - to Toledo Marysville, MI Toledo, OH TBD 190 to 288 (light crude) Sunoco Pipeline - to Philadelphia Buffalo, NY Philadelphia, PA TBD 400 Redeployment of Existing Infrastructure Enbridge Trailbreaker (Line 9 re-reversal) Sarnia, ON Montréal, QC 2012/ Portland reversal Montréal, QC Portland, ME 2012/ Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers

9 APPENDIX C.2 Crude Oil Pipeline Proposals to the U.S. Gulf Coast Pipeline Originating Point End Point Proposed In-service Date Capacity (thousand b/d) ExxonMobil Pegasus Expansion Patoka, IL U.S. Gulf Coast June TransCanada Keystone XL Hardisty, AB U.S. Gulf Coast 2012/ BP/Enbridge Gulf Access Phase 1 (new build portion) BP/Enbridge Gulf Access Phase 2 (Southern Access Extension portion) Cushing, OK Houston, TX (and potential Nederland/ Port Arthur, TX extension) to 200 Flanagan, IL Patoka, IL to 800 BP/Enbridge Gulf Access Phase 3 Patoka, IL Nederland/Port Arthur, TX TransCanada Louisiana Access Option 1 Patoka, IL New Orleans, LA 2014/ TransCanada Louisiana Access Option 2 Port Arthur, TX New Orleans, LA 2014/ Altex Energy Fort McMUrray, Hardisty, AB Beaumont/Port Arthur, TX TBD 425 ExxonMobil /Enbridge Texas Access Patoka, IL Beaumont, TX TBD 445 Sunoco Pipelines to US Gulf Coast Cushing, OK U.S. Gulf Coast TBD 300 Redeployment of Existing Infrastructure Centurion Pipeline - reversal Cushing, OK Slaughter, TX 4Q BP Pipelines #1 reversal and expansion (part of BP/Enbridge Gulf Access Phase 1) Enbridge Ozark reversal (part of BP Enbridge Gulf Access Phase 2) Flanagan, IL Cushing, OK to 200 Wood River, IL Cushing, OK Appendix C.3 Crude Oil Pipeline Expansions and Proposals to the West Coast Pipeline Originating Point End Point Proposed In-service Date Capacity (thousand b/d) Kinder Morgan TMX2 Edmonton, AB Kamloops, BC Kinder Morgan TMX3 Kamloops, BC Sumas, BC Enbridge Northern Gateway Edmonton, AB Kitimat, BC 2012 to TransCanada Alberta to California Fort Saskatchewan, AB San Francisco, CA and/or Los Angeles, CA Kinder Morgan TMX Northern Leg Rearguard/Edmonton, AB Kitimat, BC Crude Oil Forecast, Markets & Pipeline Expansions 38

10 S Appendix D Crude Oil Pipelines and Refineries Vancouver to: Japan - 4,300 miles Taiwan - 5,600 miles S.Korea - 4,600 miles China - 5,100 miles San Francisco miles Los Angeles - 1,100 miles Puget Sound BP ConocoPhillips Shell Tesoro US Oil Vancouver Chevron...55 Prince George Husky...12 Great Falls Montana Refining Upgraders Syncrude (Fort McMurray) Suncor (Fort McMurray) Shell (Scotford) Edmonton Imperial Petro-Canada Shell Lloydminster Husky...29 Husky Upgrader...82 Regina Co-op Refinery/ Upgrader Moose Jaw Moose Jaw Asphalt...15 Billings Cenex ConocoPhillips ExxonMobil Superior Murphy... San Francisco Chevron ConocoPhillips Shell Tesoro Valero Wyoming Frontier (Cheyenne)...52 Little America (Casper)...25 Sinclair Oil (Sinclair)...66 Wyoming (Newcastle)...14 Salt Lake City Big West...35 Chevron...45 Holly...31 Tesoro...58 Denver/Commerce City Suncor Mandan Tesoro...60 St. Paul Flint Hills Marathon McPherson NCRA El Dorado Frontier Coffeyville Coffeyville Resources F Oklahoma ConocoPhillips (Ponca City) Sinclair (Tulsa)...70 Holly (Tulsa)...85 Valero (Ardmore)...87 Wynnewood...70 SPEARHEAD SOUTH Los Angeles BP Chevron ConocoPhillips ExxonMobil Tesoro Valero Borger/McKee WRB Valero CENTURION EXXONMOBIL Artesia Slaughter El Paso Western Refining Artesia Holly...85 EXXONMOBIL EXXONMOBIL EXXONMOBIL Three Rivers Valero Corpus Christi CITGO Flint Valero Houston/Texas City BP ConocoPhillips Deer Park ExxonMobil Houston CITGO Marathon...76 Valero (2) Port Arthur/ Beaumont Port Arthur/Beaumont ExxonMobil Motiva Valero Total Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers

11 2008 Canadian Crude Oil Production 000 m 3 /d 000 b/d British Columbia 5 34 Alberta 297 1,869 Saskatchewan Manitoba 4 24 Northwest Territories 3 18 Western Canada 379 2,383 Atlantic Canada Total Canada 433 2,725 For Information Contact: (403) / Newfoundland North Atlantic Come by Chance lanagan Chicago BP ExxonMobil PDV Sarnia Imperial Nova...80 Shell...74 Suncor...85 Nanticoke Imperial Wood River WRB Robinson Marathon Montreal/Québec Petro-Canada Shell Valero Warren United Detroit Marathon Toledo BP Sunoco Lima Husky Canton Marathon...78 Catlettsburg Marathon Philadelphia ConocoPhillips (Trainer) Sunoco (Marcus Hook) Sunoco (Philadelphia) Saint John Irving New Jersey ConocoPhillips Sunoco Valero Halifax Imperial...82 Pipeline Tolls (US$ per barrel) Edmonton to Burnaby (Trans Mountain) 1.60 Anacortes (Trans Mountain) 1.85 Sarnia (Enbridge) 2.75 Chicago (Enbridge) 2.40 Wood River (Enbridge/Mustang/Capwood) 3.25 USGC (Enbridge/Mustang/ExxonMobil) 4.55 Hardisty to Guernsey (Express/Platte) 1.45 Wood River (Express/Platte) 1.75 USGC (Express/Platte/MAP/ExxonMobil) 3.40 USEC to Sarnia (Portland/Montreal/Enbridge) 2.00 St. James to Wood River (Capline/Capwood) 0.65 Freeport to Wood River (Seaway/Ozark) 1.50 Notes 1) Heavy crude adds 20-30% 2) Tolls rounded to nearest 5 cents 3) Tolls in effect July 1, 2009 Memphis Valero El Dorado Lion t. Charles Lake Charles/Garyville ConocoPhillips CITGO Marathon Valero Approved Crude Oil Pipelines Crude Oil Forecast, Markets & Pipeline Expansions 40

12 The Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers (CAPP) represents 130 companies that explore for, develop and produce natural gas, natural gas liquids, crude oil, oil sands, and elemental sulphur throughout Canada. CAPP member companies produce more than 90 per cent of Canada s natural gas and crude oil. CAPP also has 150 associate members that provide a wide range of services that support the upstream crude oil and natural gas industry. Together, these members and associate members are an important part of a $120-billion-a-year national industry that affects the livelihoods of more than half a million Canadians. Calgary Office: 2100, Avenue SW Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2P 3N9 Phone: Fax: communications@capp.ca June St. John s Office: 403, 235 Water Street St. John s, Newfoundland and Labrador Canada A1C 1B6 Phone: Fax: Disclaimer: This publication was prepared by the Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers (CAPP). While it is believed that the information contained herein is reliable under the conditions and subject to the limitations set out, CAPP does not guarantee the accuracy or completeness of the information. The use of this report or any information contained will be at the user s sole risk, regardless of any fault or negligence of CAPP. 41 Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers