Facility management Del 6: Opmåling af arealer og rum i forbindelse med facility management

Transcription

1 Dansk standard DS/ udgave Facility management Del 6: Opmåling af arealer og rum i forbindelse med facility management Facility Management art 6: Area and Space Measurement in Facility Management

2 DS/ København DS projekt: M CS: ; Første del af denne publikations betegnelse er: DS/, hvilket betyder, at det er en europæisk standard, der har status som dansk standard. Denne publikations overensstemmelse er: DT med: :2011. DS-publikationen er på engelsk. DS-publikationstyper Dansk Standard udgiver forskellige publikationstyper. Typen på denne publikation fremgår af forsiden. Der kan være tale om: Dansk standard standard, der er udarbejdet på nationalt niveau, eller som er baseret på et andet lands nationale standard, eller standard, der er udarbejdet på internationalt og/eller europæisk niveau, og som har fået status som dansk standard DS-information publikation, der er udarbejdet på nationalt niveau, og som ikke har opnået status som standard, eller publikation, der er udarbejdet på internationalt og/eller europæisk niveau, og som ikke har fået status som standard, fx en teknisk rapport, eller europæisk præstandard DS-håndbog samling af standarder, eventuelt suppleret med informativt materiale DS-hæfte publikation med informativt materiale Til disse publikationstyper kan endvidere udgives tillæg og rettelsesblade DS-publikationsform ublikationstyperne udgives i forskellig form som henholdsvis fuldtekstpublikation (publikationen er trykt i sin helhed) godkendelsesblad (publikationen leveres i kopi med et trykt DS-omslag) elektronisk (publikationen leveres på et elektronisk medie) DS-betegnelse Alle DS-publikationers betegnelse begynder med DS efterfulgt af et eller flere præfikser og et nr., fx DS 383, DS/ 5414 osv. Hvis der efter nr. er angivet et A eller Cor, betyder det, enten at det er et tillæg eller et rettelsesblad til hovedstandarden, eller at det er indført i hovedstandarden. DS-betegnelse angives på forsiden. Overensstemmelse med anden publikation: Overensstemmelse kan enten være DT, QV, Q eller MOD DT: år publikationen er identisk med en given publikation. QV: år publikationen teknisk er i overensstemmelse med en given publikation, men præsentationen er ændret. Q: år publikationen teknisk eller præsentationsmæssigt ikke er i overensstemmelse med en given standard, men udarbejdet på baggrund af denne. MOD: år publikationen er modificeret i forhold til en given publikation.

3 UROA STADARD ORM UROÉ UROÄSCH ORM October 2011 CS ; nglish Version Facility Management - art 6: Area and Space Measurement in Facility Management Facilities management - artie 6: Mesure des surfaces et de l'espace en facilities management This uropean Standard was approved by C on 8 July Facility Management - Teil 6: Flächenbemessung im Facility Management C members are bound to comply with the C/CLC nternal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this uropean Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the C-CLC Management Centre or to any C member. This uropean Standard exists in three official versions (nglish, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a C member into its own language and notified to the C-CLC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. C members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, stonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, celand, reland, taly, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, etherlands, orway, oland, ortugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. UROA COMMTT FOR STADARDZATO COMTÉ UROÉ D ORMALSATO UROÄSCHS KOMT FÜR ORMUG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2011 C All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for C national Members. Ref. o :2011:

4 Contents age Foreword...3 Common ntroduction for the uropean Standards , , and ntroduction to Area and Space Measurement in Facility Management Scope...7 ormative references...7 Terms and definitions Methods and units of measurement Units Distance Area Volume Framework of area and space measurement of buildings General Level Area (LA) on-functional Level Area (LA) Gross Floor Area (GFA) xterior Construction Area (CA) nternal Floor Area (FA) nterior Construction Area (CA) et Floor Area (FA) artition Wall Area (WA) et Room Area (RA) Technical Area (TA) Circulation Area (CA) Amenity Area (AA) rimary Area (A) Area and space measurement outside of buildings Additional terminology Classification Annex A (normative) Area Matrix Annex B (normative) Further illustrations B.1 Further illustrations for atria B.2 Further illustrations for covered areas and uncovered areas B.3 Vehicle parking area B.4 Further illustrations for staircases and stairwells B.5 Walls Annex C (informative) xamples for subcategories to Technical Areas, Circulation Areas, Amenity Areas and rimary Areas Bibliography

5 Foreword This document ( :2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee C/TC 348 Facility Management, the secretariat of which is held by. This uropean Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2012, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by April Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. C [and/or CLC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This uropean Standard is one of the series "Facility Management" which consists of the following parts: art 1: Terms and definitions art 2: Guidance on how to prepare Facility Management agreements art 3: Guidance on quality in Facility Management art 4: Taxonomy, Classification and Structures in Facility Management art 5: Guidance on Facility Management processes art 6: Area and Space Measurement in Facility Management art 7: erformance Benchmarking According to the C/CLC nternal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this uropean Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, stonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, celand, reland, taly, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, etherlands, orway, oland, ortugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. 3

6 Common ntroduction for the uropean Standards , , and n 2002 the initiative was taken to establish a uropean Standard for Facility Management benchmarking purposes. t was soon recognized that to reach this objective, preliminary standards had to be elaborated and published. The first result of that process was the standards :2006 and :2006. Based on the discussions in the development of those two standards the decision was made to develop four new uropean Standards for Quality, Taxonomy, rocesses and Measurement. After the realization of those six standards it was possible to pursue developing a uropean Standard for Benchmarking pr The standards, , , and have been developed, adopted and agreed as a set of principles, underlying the Facility Management approach on , to ensure consistency. These are incorporated in the basic principles of a process-based management system, upon which these standards are founded. The FM-model of is shown below. O R G A S A T O Client RMARY ROCSSS Client Customer nd User nd User Model :2006 D M A D S C F Y G RMARY ACTVTS S L A s STRATGC TACTCAL ORATOAL Facility Management agreement Agreement SUORT- ROCSSS K s D L V R G S U L Y FACLTY SRVCS nternal and or / / or and external R O V D R These standards also build on widely accepted management principles, in particular value chain (orter, M, (1985), "Competitive Advantage: creating and sustaining superior performance", Free ress, ew York) and quality control (DCA (lan, Do, Check, Act). Deming, W (1986), "Out of the Crisis", MT, Cambridge). Reference to SO 10014:2006, Quality management Guidelines for realizing financial and economic benefits. 4

7 The principles of the Deming cycle (DCA) underpin all of the standards but are applied to a different extent and depth in each. n fact, there are different types of DCA cycles depending of the term (e.g. long-term, short-term). These standards align to SO 9000 family of standards for Quality Management Systems and applies specific guidance on the concepts and use of a process-based approach to management systems to the field of Facility Management. The term "facility services" is used as a generic description in the standards. The term "standardized facility products" refers to the "standardized facility services" defined and described in , Facility Management art 4: Taxonomy, Classification and Structures in Facility Management. Countries can decide to substitute the term "product" into "service", when they consider that it is important for a good acceptance and use of the standards in their own country. The aim of all the standards is to provide guidance to Facility Management (FM) organizations on the development and improvement of their FM processes to support the primary activities. This will support organizational development, innovation and improvement and will form a foundation for the further professional development of FM and its advancement in urope. Therefore, generic examples are provided in the standard to assist organizations. These standards lay the foundation of the work that has to be done further more in developing Facility Management, for e.g. benchmark standards pr

8 ntroduction to Area and Space Measurement in Facility Management n order to support a consistent uropean approach to Facility Management, this document provides a constructive framework with clear terms, definitions and principles for measuring floor areas and spaces in buildings, not least a common language amongst all stakeholders in the entire construction industry. The need for a harmonised uropean approach to "area and space measurement" is evidenced by the fact that many uropean countries currently use different rules and definitions for assessing building floor areas. Subsequently, space measurement data from different countries is difficult to interpret and data comparisons are most likely to be inaccurate. t is this comparability of data which is eminently important for a wide range of decision-makers, such as planners and architects, economists and investors, owners and tenants, politicians and administrators, etc. Recent research by the uropean Committee of Construction conomists (CC) highlighted the fact that all uropean countries use similar elements for measuring floor areas in buildings. The way these components are grouped and coded, however, differs vastly between various countries. Subsequently, comparisons between the et nternal Area of an UK building as measured by RCS with the et nclosed Area (etto- Grundfläche) of a German building as measured by D or the et Floor Area (etto Vloeroppervlakte) of a Dutch building as measured by are highly misleading as the floor areas are measured differently. n short, the fact that measuring specific floor areas in one and the same building using different national standards result in variations up to 30 % clearly highlights the need for a harmonised uropean approach to "area and space measurement". 6

9 1 Scope This uropean Standard establishes a common basis for planning and design, area and space management, financial assessment, as well as a tool for benchmarking in the field of Facility Management. This standard covers area and space measurement for existing owned or leased buildings as well as buildings in state of planning or development. This standard presents a framework for measuring floor areas within buildings and areas outside of buildings. n addition, it contains clear terms and definitions as well as methods for measuring horizontal areas and volumes in buildings and/or parts of buildings, independent of their function. 2 ormative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies :2006, Facility Management art 1: Terms and definitions 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in :2006 and the following apply. 3.1 distance numerical expression of a one-dimensional figure, measured along the shortest line linking two points 3.2 area numerical expression of a two-dimensional surface, calculated mostly as the product of two distance measures 3.3 volume numerical expression of a three-dimensional concept, calculated mostly as the product of all three distance measures 3.4 space area or volume bounded actually or theoretically [see SO ] 3.5 floor generally the lower horizontal structure of a room which constitutes the bounding element of a building or part thereof 3.6 ceiling generally the upper horizontal surface of a room 7