THE UC DAVIS SUSTAINABLE TEACHING AND RESEARCH WINERY
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1 THE UC DAVIS SUSTAINABLE TEACHING AND RESEARCH WINERY Presented to: World Food Center Symposium Water & Energy Efficiency Across Food Systems MAY 21, 2014 JILL BRIGHAM EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR SUSTAINABLE WINE & FOOD PROCESSING CENTER
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4 Central Valley Cumulative Groundwater Losses
5 GRACE satellite observed ground water trends Oct to March 2009 Groundwater levels in the Central Valley are dropping rapidly Groundwater levels in the San Joaquin Valley dropped 2 to 6 feet per year Groundwater levels in the northern Sacramento Valley dropped from 0.3 to 0.5 feet per year UCCHM Water Advisory #1 February 3, 2014
6 A Sustainable Winery
7 6:1
8 UC Davis Sustainable Winery First LEED Platinum winery in the world Self-Sustainable, On-Site, Non-Carbon Energy Self-Sustainable, On-Site Rainwater Capture Multiple Uses of Water and Cleaning Chemistry Green Cleaning Chemistry CO 2 Capture and Sequestration Solar Hot water (50C) & cold water (5 C) Data system for performance measurement & research
9 UC DAVIS VITICULTURE AND ENOLOGY
10 UC DAVIS VITICULTURE AND ENOLOGY
11 LEED Platinum Winery Building UC DAVIS VITICULTURE AND ENOLOGY
12 Winery, Brewery & Food Labs
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15 Students in the winery during harvest
16 More harvest pics UC DAVIS VITICULTURE AND ENOLOGY
17 The Jess Jackson Sustainable Winery Building
18 Jess S. Jackson Sustainable Winery Building Insulation: walls (R=60) and Roof (R=75) Cooled by night air displacement Indoor temperature variation is 1/10 th that of the outside air Tubes within the floor to heat and cool the building Future underground rock bed for additional cooling Daylighting
19 110 Thermal Performance of the Jess Jackson Building - July, August Air Temperature (F) Outside Inside Date
20 UC DAVIS VITICULTURE AND ENOLOGY
21 Hydrogen Generator Fuel Cell Future Research Project Spaces Campus Communication Systems RO Cogenra Solar Cogen HW and PV NF Membrane Filtration Systems SunPower Solar Ice Maker CO 2 Sequestration Columns Jackson Building Systems 6 John Deere Water Tanks
22 Why Rainwater? Building Roof Capture Above Ground, No Aquifer Depletion No Hardness or Silica Low RO Energy Requirement
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24 Rainwater Filtration Rainwater captured during Winter is filtered each day into reverse osmosis (RO) water. Filtration is powered by sunlight and occurs during daylight All cleaning solutions and the Water Loop are RO-filtered water Koch Membrane Systems Room #10. Reverse Osmosis Membrane System
25 Clean In Place (CIP) System
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27 Green Cleaning Chemistry No Sodium, Chloride, Phosphate, Nitrate, Chlorine No BOD or COD
28 Green CIP Chemistry Acid Solution: 20 mm KHSO 4, ph = 2.5 Base Solution: 20 mm KOH, ph = 11.5 Rinse Water Options Pre-Rinse In between Base and Acid Post-Rinse Use of 3% Hydrogen Peroxide
29 Solution Recovery and Filtration Monovalent Salts Nanofiltration 90% Water and Chemical Recovery No waste water ponds
30 Solution Recover and Filtration Cleaning solutions based on potassium salts and hydrogen peroxide are captured and filtered before each use. Recovery of 90% over 10 cycles leads to using 1/5 th of the normal amounts of water and chemistry Filtration is powered by sunlight and occurs during daylight Koch Membrane Systems Room #9. Reverse Osmosis/Nanofiltration Membrane System
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32 Carbon Dioxide Sequestration 10 Calcium Hydroxide Bubble Columns operating in parallel
33 Carbon Dioxide Capture & Sequestration Carbon dioxide is captured from the fermentors in the Winery. Bubbles are dissolved into a Lime Water (Calcium hydroxide) solution. Calcium carbonate (chalk) spontaneously precipitates and is filtered out The carbonate is stored and transferred to biotech companies that require CO 2 for algae or bacterial growth Room #8. Carbon Sequestration Into Calcium Carbonate
34 Air Vent Saturated Calcium Hydroxide Solution 10 Bubble Columns Solution, Crystals Down-flow Rising, Dissolving Bubbles Up-Flow Calcium Oxide Bed CO 2 from Winery Calcium Hydroxide Solution Loop 2um Crossflow Filter for CaCO 3 Removal
35 Solar Hot Water Hot Water is generated and stored on-site by a concentrating reflector directed at heating tubes. Water is stored at 50 C (120 F) Room #7. Solar reflector generating Hot Water for the Winery
36 Solar Powered Cold Water Ice chips are made during the day using photovoltaic energy Water is passed over the chips to provide 40 F (5 C) for the Winery by direct heat transfer 10 C Ice Ice Ice The Chilled Water is for controlling the temperature in all fermentations 5 C
37 A fuel cell running on hydrogen will generate electricity after sunset The hydrogen will be produced on-site during the day rather than delivered The bi-product of the fuel cell is water Fuel Cell
38 Hydrogen Generation On-site electrolytic generation and storage of hydrogen Hydrogen is made during daylight hours and used during the night to operate a Fuel Cell that generates electricity Energy produced has no carbon-footprint Room #5. Hydrogen is produced from water and daytime solar power
39 Hydrogen Generator Fuel Cell PhotoVoltaics Rain Water Capture HW 200KW Passive Solar 45ºC Winery RO 5ºC CW KOH PV Ice Maker CaCO 3 Ca (OH) 2 CO 2 Carbon Sequestration CIP Rinse KHSO 4 NF Re-filtered Solutions
40 Sustainable Winery - Conclusion Self -Sustainable in Energy and Water from on-site capture, no external supply Zero Carbon by capture and sequestration Energy-positive, Water-positive and Zero-Carbon as a Building and as a Winery System Design and Operate from storage rather than ondemand Using Water many times (5) not once
41 UC DAVIS VITICULTURE AND ENOLOGY
42 QUESTIONS?? Thank you
43 Backup Slides UC DAVIS VITICULTURE AND ENOLOGY
44 Hydrogen Generator Fuel Cell PhotoVoltaics Rain Water Capture HW 200KW Passive Solar 45ºC Winery RO 5ºC CW KOH PV Ice Maker CaCO 3 Ca (OH) 2 CO 2 Carbon Sequestration CIP Rinse KHSO 4 NF Re-filtered Solutions
45 Water Capture & Reuse Rain Water Capture & RO Filtration Rain Water Capture Potassium Chemistry Solution Recovery NF Filtration Winery RO Storage KOH CIP Rinse NF KHSO 4 Re-filtered Solutions
46 Carbon Sequestration Lime Water Bubble Columns Winery CaCO 3 Ca (OH) 2 CO 2 Carbon Sequestration
47 Hot and Cold Water Systems HW Heating Solar Cogen, & Waste Heat Passive Solar 45ºC Winery Cooling - Solar PV Ice Maker 5ºC CW PV Ice Maker
48 PhotoVoltaics Hydrogen Generator Fuel Cell 200KW Winery Energy Production & Storage Photovoltaics Hydrogen Generation Hydrogen Fuel Cell
49 Notional Schedule UC DAVIS VITICULTURE AND ENOLOGY
50 Jess Jackson Sustainable Winery Building Awards California Higher Education Sustainability Conference, Best Practice Award-Overall Sustainable Design, 2014 AIA San Francisco Merit Award in Energy and Sustainability, 2014 Engineering News-Record California, Award of Merit, 2013 Registered for Living Building Challenge Net Zero Energy - 4 months into 12 month certification cycle
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52 Recovery, Cycles and Volumes Recovery Cycle # % Recovery Volume Makeup Saved # Uses Reduction Factor 0.90 Initial Use Makeup Cum. Volume Number Saving
53 120 Thermal Performance of Jess Jackson Building - 19th July Fan Runs for 75 Minutes 30 Air Temperature (F) Fan Turns On Minimum Outside Air Temperature Outside Inside Delta Time (Hr:Min:Sec.)
54 Sustainable Wine & Food Processing Center A joint endeavor between departments of Viticulture & Enology and Food Science & Technology Mission: To perform research and provide information and outreach to the food and beverage industry related to the minimization of water and energy use and creation of value-added products from processing waste streams.
55 Sustainable Wine & Food Processing Center Goals: Develop a research portfolio that addresses a broad variety of industry and government needs in the areas of: water and energy minimization, rainwater recovery and treatment, alternative energy generation, byproduct recovery that are consistent with current and future industry processing standards. Equip the Jackson Sustainable Winery Building with equipment to make the Winery, Brewery & Food Lab (BWF) self-sufficient in water and energy. Evaluate these technologies for their technical and economic feasibility in a commercial setting.
56 water-related energy use consumes 19 percent of the state s electricity, 30 percent of its natural gas, and 88 billion gallons of diesel fuel every year and this demand is growing. California Energy Commission: California s Water Energy Relationship
57 Some Intentions First LEED Platinum Winery - USGB Code! World s First Self-Sustainable Winery First Solar Winery at Peak Load First Zero Carbon Footprint Winery World s most Energy- and Water-Efficient Winery First Net Zero Energy, Water and Carbon Building in the US World s First LIVE Winery
58 LEED Platinum Winery Building First LEED Platinum Building at UC Davis First LEED Platinum Winery in the world First LEED Platinum Building to be Energy and Water Positive Highest Scoring LEED Building at any University In the top 5% of all LEED Platinum Buildings in the world
59 Solar Hot Water Hydrogen Fuel Cell Solar Cold Water Carbon Sequestration CIP Solutions - NF Research 1 Research 2 Rainwater - RO Campus Systems
60 Utility Loops for the Jackson Building and Winery CO 2 RO Water Loop Used CIP Solutions Fresh CIP Solutions RO NF Rock Bed Fermentation Temperature Control, 5 and 50ºC CW HW
61 Monitoring the fermentation Temperature and Brix over time. Information sent wirelessly to the control room computer.
62 RO-NF CIP Water System Soft Water Supply Rain Water Capture from RMI Building RO Water Storage Tank CIP Solution Storage Tanks, and Return Tanks Captured CIP Solutions re-filtered on NF 5 to 10% makeup RO Water Retentate with organics (5 to 10%) to UC Biodigestor Water requirement of 1/5 th to 1/10 th conventional practices
63 RO and NF System Features Mono-valent ion permeation, Bi-valent ion and Organic rejection (MWCO=150) Green Cleaning Chemistry High ph, KOH (ph=11.5) solution Low ph, KHSO 4 (ph=2.5) solution (no Sodium, Chloride, Nitrate, Phosphate, BOD, COD) Elimination of water hardness and salt deposits No Waste Water Pond
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