Sexual and Capital Gain Distributions

Transcription

1 Department of the Publication 564 Cat. No N Contents Reminder... 1 Introduction... 1 Treasury Mutual Fund Tax Treatment of Distributions... 2 Internal Ordinary Dividends... 2 Revenue Capital Gain Distributions... 2 Service Distributions Exempt-Interest Dividends... 3 Nondividend Distributions... 3 Reinvestment of Distributions... 3 How To Report... 3 For use in preparing Keeping Track of Your Basis... 4 Shares Acquired by Purchase... 4 Shares Acquired by 2009 Returns Reinvestment... 5 Shares Acquired by Gift... 5 Shares Acquired by Inheritance... 5 Adjusted Basis... 5 Sales, Exchanges, and Redemptions... 5 Identifying the Shares Sold... 6 Gains and Losses... 8 Investment Expenses... 9 Limit on Investment Interest Expense Comprehensive Example How To Get Tax Help Index Reminder Photographs of missing children. The Internal Revenue Service is a proud partner with the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children. Photographs of missing children selected by the Center may appear in this publication on pages that would otherwise be blank. You can help bring these children home by looking at the photographs and calling THE-LOST ( ) if you recognize a child. Feb 17, 2010 Introduction This publication provides federal income tax information for individual shareholders of mutual funds or other regulated investment companies, including money market funds. It explains: How to report distributions paid to you by a mutual fund and any expenses connected with your investment, How to report undistributed long-term capital gains, and How to figure and report your gain or loss when you sell, exchange, or redeem your mutual fund shares. A comprehensive example, with filled-in forms, appears at the end of the publication. In this publication, the term mutual fund means a mutual fund or other regulated investment company. Get forms and other information faster and easier by: Mutual fund. A mutual fund is a regulated investment company generally created by pooling Internet funds of investors to allow them to take advantage of a diversity of investments and professional management.

2 Money market fund. A money market fund Form (and Instructions) Distributions designated as exempt-interest is a mutual fund that tries to increase current Schedule B (Form 1040A or 1040) dividends are not taxable. (See Exempt-Interest income available to shareholders by buying Interest and Ordinary Dividends Dividends, later.) short-term market investments. Money market funds pay dividends and Schedule D (Form 1040) Capital Gains should not be confused with bank money market and Losses Ordinary Dividends accounts that pay interest B Proceeds From Broker and An ordinary dividend is a distribution by a mutual Barter Exchange Transactions fund out of its earnings and profits. Include ordi- Qualified retirement plans and IRAs. The nary dividends that you receive from a mutual rules in this publication do not apply to mutual 1099-DIV Dividends and Distributions fund as dividend income on your individual infund shares held in individual retirement ar Notice to Shareholder of come tax return. rangements (IRAs), section 401(k) plans, and Undistributed Long-Term Capital Ordinary dividends are the most common other qualified retirement plans. The value of the Gains type of dividends. They will be reported in box 1a mutual fund shares and earnings allocated to you are included in your retirement plan assets 4952 Investment Interest Expense of Form 1099-DIV or on a similar statement you and stay tax free generally until the plan distrib- Deduction receive from the mutual fund. utes them to you. The tax rules that apply to See How To Get Tax Help near the end of retirement plan distributions are explained in the this publication for information about getting Qualified dividends. Many ordinary divi- following publications. these publications and forms. dends you received are also classified as quali- fied dividends. The amount of your qualified Publication 560, Retirement Plans for dividends will be shown in box 1b of Form Small Business (SEP, SIMPLE, and Quali DIV or on a similar statement you get from fied Plans). Tax Treatment the mutual fund. Publication 571, Tax-Sheltered Annuity Qualified dividends are taxed at the same Plans (403(b) Plans). of Distributions maximum tax rates that apply to a net capital Publication 575, Pension and Annuity In- gain. They are taxed at 15% if the regular tax A distribution you receive from a mutual fund come. rate that would apply is 25% or higher. They are may be an ordinary dividend, a qualified divitaxed at 0% (zero%) if the regular tax rate that Publication 590, Individual Retirement Arwould apply is lower than 25%. dend, a capital gain distribution, an exrangements (IRAs). empt-interest dividend, or a nondividend distribution. The fund will send you a Form To be a qualified dividend subject to the 0% Publication 721, Tax Guide to U.S. Civil 1099-DIV or similar statement telling you the or 15% rate, all of the following requirements Service Retirement Benefits. kind of distribution you received. This section must be met. discusses the tax treatment of each kind of dis- 1. The dividend must have been paid by a Comments and suggestions. We welcome tribution, describes how to treat reinvested dis- U.S. corporation or a qualified foreign coryour comments about this publication and your tributions, and explains how to report poration. See chapter 1 of Publication 550 suggestions for future editions. distributions on your return. for the definition of a qualified foreign cor- You can write to us at the following address: You may be treated as having received poration.! a distribution of capital gains even if the fund does not distribute them to you. 2. The dividend must not be of a type ex- Internal Revenue Service CAUTION Individual Forms and Publications Branch See Undistributed capital gains under Capital cluded by law from the definition of a quali- SE:W:CAR:MP:T:I Gain Distributions. fied dividend. See chapter 1 of Publication 1111 Constitution Ave. NW, IR for a list of these types of dividends. Washington, DC Community property states. If you are mar- 3. You must meet the holding period requireried and receive a distribution that is community ment (discussed next). We respond to many letters by telephone. income, one-half of the distribution is generally Therefore, it would be helpful if you would inyou file separate returns, you must each report stock for more than 60 days during the 121-day considered to be received by each spouse. If Holding period. You must have held the clude your daytime phone number, including the area code, in your correspondence. one-half of any taxable distribution. See Publica- period that begins 60 days before the tion 555, Community Property, for more informa- You can us at *taxforms@irs.gov. (The ex-dividend date. The ex-dividend date is the tion on community income. asterisk must be included in the address.) first date following the declaration of a dividend If the distribution is not considered commu- Please put Publications Comment on the subnity income under state law and you and your on which the buyer of a stock is not entitled to ject line. Although we cannot respond individuspouse file separate returns, each of you must receive the next dividend payment. When count- ally to each , we do appreciate your ing the number of days you held the stock, report your separate taxable distributions. feedback and will consider your comments as include the day you disposed of the stock, but we revise our tax products. Share certificate in two or more names. If not the day you acquired it. Ordering forms and publications. Visit two or more persons, such as you and your More information. See chapter 1 of Publiwww.irs.gov/formspubs to download forms and spouse, hold shares as joint tenants, tenants by cation 550 for more information about qualified publications, call , or write to the the entirety, or tenants in common, distributions dividends. address below and receive a response within 10 on those shares are considered received by days after your request is received. each of you to the extent provided by local law. Capital Gain Distributions Certain year-end dividends received in Janu- Internal Revenue Service These distributions are paid by mutual funds ary. Dividends declared and made payable by 1201 N. Mitsubishi Motorway from their net realized long-term capital gains. mutual funds in October, November, or Decem- Bloomington, IL The Form 1099-DIV (box 2a) you receive or the ber are considered received by shareholders on fund s statement will tell you the amount you are December 31 of the same year even if the divito report as a capital gain distribution. Capital Tax questions. If you have a tax question, dends are actually paid during January of the gain distributions are taxed as long-term capital check the information available on following year. gains regardless of how long you have owned or call We cannot answer tax Tax-exempt mutual fund. Distributions from the shares in the mutual fund. questions sent to either of the above addresses. a tax-exempt mutual fund (one that invests primarily in tax-exempt securities) may consist of Undistributed capital gains. Mutual funds Useful Items ordinary dividends, capital gain distributions, may keep some of their long-term capital gains You may want to see: nondividend distributions, or undistributed capi- and pay taxes on those undistributed amounts. tal gains like any other mutual fund. These distri- You must report your share of these amounts as Publication butions generally are treated the same as long-term capital gains, even though you did not 550 Investment Income and Expenses distributions from a regular mutual fund. actually receive a distribution. You can take a Page 2 Publication 564 (2009)

3 credit for your share of any tax paid because you Reinvestment are considered to have paid it. of Distributions or 1040), Part II, line 5. Report the total from line ordinary dividends as a nominee, first report the ordinary dividends on Schedule B (Form 1040A Form The fund will send you Form Most mutual funds permit shareholders to auto- 6 of that schedule on Form 1040, line 9a. Attach 2439, instead of Form 1099-DIV, showing your matically reinvest distributions in more shares in Schedule B (Form 1040A or 1040) to your re- share of the undistributed long-term capital the fund, instead of receiving cash. You must turn. gains in box 1a and any tax paid by the mutual report the reinvested amounts the same way as If you reported qualified dividends on line 9b, fund in box 2. Attach Copy B of Form 2439 to you would report them if you received them in use the Qualified Dividends and Capital Gain your return. cash. This means that reinvested ordinary divithe Schedule D Tax Worksheet in the Schedule Tax Worksheet in the Form 1040 instructions or Increase to basis. When you report undis- dends and capital gain distributions generally tributed capital gains from a mutual fund, you must be reported as income. Reinvested extax. D instructions, whichever applies, to figure your must increase your basis in the shares. You empt-interest dividends generally are not remust keep Copy C of Form 2439 to show this ported as income. Reinvested return of capital Do not include capital gain distributions increase. See Adjusted Basis, later. distributions are reported as explained under! as dividend income on Form 1040 or Nondividend Distributions, earlier. See Keeping CAUTION Schedule B (Form 1040A or 1040). Track of Your Basis, later, to determine the basis Exempt-Interest Dividends A mutual fund may pay exempt-interest divi- of the additional shares. Capital gain distributions. If you received capital gain distributions, you report them either dends to its shareholders if it meets certain re- How To Report directly on Form 1040, line 13, or on Schedule D quirements. These dividends are paid from (Form 1040), line 13, depending on your situatax-exempt interest earned by the fund. Since You must report mutual fund distributions on tion. Report them on Schedule D (Form 1040), the exempt-interest dividends keep their Form 1040 or Form 1040A. You cannot report line 13, unless both of the following are true. tax-exempt character, do not include them in mutual fund distributions on Form 1040EZ. income. However, you may need to report them You cannot use Form 1040A and must use 1. The only amounts you would have to reon your return. See Information reporting retal gain distributions from Form 1099-DIV, Form 1040 in either of the following situations. port on Schedule D (Form 1040) are capiquirement, next. The mutual fund should send You received a nondividend distribution you a Form 1099-INT showing your ex- box 2a (or similar statement). that must be reported as a capital gain empt-interest dividends. Exempt-interest divi- because it is more than your basis in your 2. You do not have an amount in box 2b, 2c, dends should be shown on Form 1099-INT, box mutual fund shares. or 2d, of any Form 1099-DIV (or similar 8. statement). You must report an undistributed capital gain. If both of the above statements are true, report Information reporting requirement. Alyour capital gain distributions directly on Form though exempt-interest dividends are not tax- 1040, line 13, and check the box on that line. able, you must report them on your tax return if Form 1040A. If you file Form 1040A, report Also, use the Qualified Dividends and Capital you are required to file. This is an information your exempt-interest dividends on line 8b. Re- Gain Tax Worksheet in the Form 1040 instrucport your ordinary dividend distributions on line reporting requirement and does not convert tions to figure your tax. tax-exempt interest to taxable interest. Also, this 9a and your qualified dividend distributions on income is generally a tax preference item and line 9b. If the total of the ordinary dividends you Undistributed capital gains. To report un- may be subject to the alternative minimum tax. received is more than $1,500 or you received distributed capital gains, you must complete Form 1099-INT, box 9, should show the ordinary dividends as a nominee, first report the Schedule D (Form 1040) and attach it to your tax-exempt interest subject to the alternative ordinary dividends on Schedule B (Form 1040A return. Report these gains on Schedule D (Form minimum tax. If you receive exempt-interest divito your return. Report the tax paid by the mutual or 1040), Part II, line 5. Report the total from line 1040), line 11, and attach Copy B of Form 2439 dends, you should see Form 6251, Alternative 6 of that schedule on Form 1040A, line 9a. Minimum Tax Individuals, for more informacheck box a on that line. Attach Schedule B (Form 1040A or 1040) to fund on these gains on Form 1040, line 70, and tion. your return. If you reported qualified dividends on Form 1040A, line 9b, use the Qualified Dividends and Table 1. See Table 1 for more information on Nondividend Capital Gain Tax Worksheet in the Form 1040A where to report your mutual fund distributions on Distributions instructions. Form 1040 or Form 1040A. A nondividend distribution is a distribution that is Do not include capital gain distributions Nominees. If you received a Form 1099-DIV not out of earnings and profits and is a return of! as dividend income on Form 1040A or or Form 2439 as a nominee (that is, it includes CAUTION your investment, or capital, in the mutual fund Schedule B (Form 1040A or 1040). amounts that actually belong to someone else, and is shown on Form 1099-DIV, box 3. other than your spouse), you must file a Form A nondividend distribution reduces your banue Service and give the actual owner a copy. Capital gain distributions. If you received 1099-DIV or Form 2439 with the Internal Revesis in the shares. Basis is explained under Keep- capital gain distributions, you may have to file ing Track of Your Basis, later. Your basis cannot Form But you can report capital gain distri- See the instructions for Forms 1099 or Form be reduced below zero. If your basis is zero, you butions on Form 1040A, line 10, instead of on 2439 for details. must report the nondividend distribution on your Form 1040, if both of the following are true. If you received an ordinary dividend distributax return as a capital gain. Report this capital tion as a nominee, report it on Schedule B (Form 1. None of the Forms 1099-DIV (or substitute gain on Schedule D (Form 1040). Whether it is a 1040A or 1040), line 5. Under your last entry on statements) you received have an amount line 5, enter a subtotal of all ordinary dividends long-term or short-term capital gain depends on in box 2b, 2c, or 2d. listed. Below this subtotal, enter Nominee Dishow long you held the shares. 2. You do not have to file Form 1040 for any tribution and show the total ordinary dividends Example. You bought shares in a mutual other reason. (For example, you must not you received as a nominee. Subtract this fund in 2005 for $12 a share. In 2006, you have any other capital gains or any capital amount from the subtotal and enter the result on losses.) line 6. received a nondividend distribution of $5 a If you received a capital gain distribution or share. You reduced your basis in each share by If you can use Form 1040A to report your were allocated an undistributed capital gain as a $5 to an adjusted basis of $7. In 2007, you capital gain distributions, use the Qualified Divi- nominee, report only the amount that belongs to received a nondividend distribution of $1 per dends and Capital Gain Tax Worksheet in the you on Form 1040A, line 10, Form 1040, line 13, share and further reduced your basis in each Form 1040A instructions to figure your tax. or Schedule D (Form 1040), line 13, whichever share to $6. In 2008, you received a nondividend is appropriate. Attach a statement to your return distribution of $2 per share. Your basis was Form If you file Form 1040, report your showing the full amount you received or were reduced to $4. In 2009, the nondividend distribu- exempt-interest dividends on line 8b. Report allocated and the amount you received or were tion from the mutual fund was $5 a share. You your ordinary dividend distributions on line 9a allocated as a nominee. reduce your basis in each share to zero and and your qualified dividend distributions on line report the excess ($1 per share) as a long-term 9b. If the total of the ordinary dividends you Foreign tax deduction or credit. Some mucapital gain on Schedule D (Form 1040). received is more than $1,500 or you received tual funds invest in foreign securities or other Publication 564 (2009) Page 3

4 foreign instruments. Your mutual fund may figure any gain or loss on the shares when you When you buy or sell shares in a fund, choose to allow you to claim a deduction or sell, exchange, or redeem them. keep the confirmation statements you RECORDS credit for the taxes it paid to a foreign country or receive. The statements show the Original basis. As explained in the following U.S. possession. The fund will notify you if this price you paid for the shares when you bought paragraphs, original basis depends on how you applies to you. The notice will include your share them and the price you received for the shares acquired your shares. of the foreign taxes paid and the part of the when you disposed of them. The information dividend derived from sources in foreign counchased the shares will help you figure your basis Adjusted basis. As described later under Ad- from the confirmation statement when you purtries or U.S. possessions. justed Basis, your original basis is adjusted (in- creased or decreased) by certain events. You in the fund. You may be able to claim a credit for income must keep accurate records of all events that tax paid to a foreign country. However, it may be affect basis so you can figure the proper amount to your benefit to treat the tax as an itemized Commissions and load charges. The fees of gain or loss. deduction on Schedule A (Form 1040). For more and charges you pay to acquire or redeem shares of a mutual fund are not deductible. You information on claiming a foreign tax deduction Shares Acquired by can usually add acquisition fees and charges to or credit, see Publication 514, Foreign Tax Purchase your cost of the shares and thereby increase Credit for Individuals. The original basis of mutual fund shares you bought is usually their cost or purchase price. The purchase price usually includes any com- your basis. A fee paid to redeem the shares is usually a reduction in the redemption price (sales price). You cannot add your entire acquisition fee or Keeping Track missions or load charges paid for the purchase. load charge to the cost of the mutual fund shares acquired if all of the following conditions apply. of Your Basis Example. You bought 100 shares of Fund A You should keep track of your basis in mutual fund shares because you need the basis to for $10 a share. You paid a $50 commission to the broker for the purchase. Your cost basis for each share is $10.50 ($1, ). Table 1. Reporting Mutual Fund Distributions on Form 1040 or 1040A If you receive... AND... Then report the distribution on: 1. You get a reinvestment right because of the purchase of the shares or the payment of the fee or charge. Form Form 1040A... ordinary dividends your total ordinary dividends line 9a line 9a (Form 1099-DIV, box 1a) received are $1,500 or less, and you did not receive any ordinary dividends as a nominee your total ordinary dividends line 9a, and line 9a, and received are more than Schedule B (Form 1040A or Schedule B (Form 1040A or $1,500, or 1040), line ), line 5 you received ordinary dividends as a nominee qualified dividends line 9b, and line 9b, and (Form 1099-DIV, box 1b) Qualified Dividends and Qualified Dividends and Capital Gain Tax Worksheet, Capital Gain Tax Worksheet, line 2, or Schedule D Tax line 2 Worksheet, line 2, whichever applies capital gain distributions you do not have to file Schedule line 13, and line 10, and (Form 1099-DIV, box 2a) D (Form 1040) Qualified Dividends and Qualified Dividends and Capital Gain Tax Worksheet, Capital Gain Tax Worksheet, line 3 line 3 you have to file Schedule D Schedule D (Form 1040), line 13 you must use Form 1040; you (Form 1040) (see Schedule D cannot use Form 1040A instructions for line 13) section 1250, 1202, or Schedule D (Form 1040) (see the you must use Form 1040; you collectibles gain Schedule D instructions) cannot use Form 1040A (Form 1099-DIV, box 2b, 2c, or 2d) nondividend distributions generally not reported* generally not reported* (Form 1099-DIV, box 3) exempt-interest dividends (Form line 8b line 8b 1099-INT, box 8) undistributed capital gains Schedule D (Form 1040) (see the you must use Form 1040; you (Form 2439, boxes 1a-1d) Schedule D instructions) cannot use Form 1040A * Report any amount in any excess of your basis in your mutual fund shares on Schedule D (Form 1040). Use line 8 if you held the shares more than 1 year. Use line 1 if you held your mutual fund shares 1 year or less. Page 4 Publication 564 (2009)

5 2. You dispose of the shares within 90 days basis at the time of the gift, plus all or part of any Reduction of basis. You must reduce your of the purchase date. gift tax paid on the gift, depending on the date of basis in your shares by any nondividend distrithe gift. butions that you receive from the fund. 3. You acquire new shares in the same mu- For information on figuring the amount of gift The mutual fund reports the amount of any tual fund or another mutual fund, for which tax to add to your basis, see Property Received nondividend distributions on Form 1099-DIV, the fee or charge is reduced or waived as a Gift in Publication 551, Basis of Assets. box 3. You should keep the form to show the because of the reinvestment right you got decrease in the basis of your shares. when you acquired the original shares. Shares Acquired by Basis cannot go below zero. Your basis Inheritance cannot be reduced below zero. If your basis is The amount of the original fee or charge in excess of the reduction in (3) is added to the zero, you must report the nondividend distribucost of the original shares. The rest of the origition on your tax return as a capital gain. Report If you inherited shares in a mutual fund, your nal fee or charge is added to the cost basis of the original basis is generally the fair market value this capital gain on Schedule D (Form 1040). new shares (unless all three conditions above (FMV) (the last quoted public redemption price) Whether it is a long-term or short-term capital also apply to the purchase of the new shares). on the date of the decedent s death, or the gain depends on how long you held the shares. Reinvestment right. This is the right to ac- alternate valuation date if chosen for estate tax No reduction of basis. You do not reduce quire mutual fund shares in the same or another purposes. your basis for distributions from the fund that are mutual fund without paying a fee or load charge, exempt-interest dividends. or by paying a reduced fee or load charge. Community property states. In community property states, you and your spouse generally Table 2. This is a worksheet you can Shares Acquired by are considered to each own half the estate (ex- use to keep track of the adjusted basis cluding separate property). If one spouse dies RECORDS of your mutual fund shares. Enter the Reinvestment and at least half of the community interest is cost per share when you acquire new shares The original cost basis of mutual fund shares includible in the decedent s gross estate and any adjustments to their basis when the you acquire by reinvesting your distributions is (whether or not the estate is required to file a adjustment occurs. This worksheet will help you the amount of the distributions used to purchase return), the FMV of the community property at figure the adjusted basis when you sell or re- each full or fractional share. This rule applies the date of death becomes the basis of both deem shares. even if the distribution is an exempt-interest divi- halves of the property. dend that you do not report as income. For example, if the FMV of the entire commu- nity interest in a mutual fund is $100,000, the When you acquire shares through reinbasis of the surviving spouse s half of the shares vestment, keep the statements that Sales, Exchanges, is $50,000. The basis of the heirs half of the RECORDS show each date, amount, and number shares also is $50,000. and Redemptions of full or fractional shares purchased. Keep track of any adjustments to basis of the shares as they In determining the basis of assets acquired from a decedent, property held in joint tenancy is When you sell or exchange your mutual fund occur. community property if its status was community shares, or if they are redeemed (a redemption), Generally, you must know the basis property under state law. you will generally have a taxable gain or a de- TIP per share to compute gain or loss when ductible loss. This also applies to shares of a you dispose of the shares. This is ex- Shares you gave the decedent. A different tax-exempt mutual fund. Sales, exchanges, and plained under Identifying the Shares Sold, later. basis rule applies to inherited shares that you or redemptions are all treated as sales of capital your spouse gave the decedent within the assets. The amount of the gain or loss is the 1-year period ending on the date of the dece- difference between your adjusted basis (defined Shares Acquired by Gift dent s death if, on the date of the gift, the shares earlier) in the shares and the amount you realize were appreciated property. In this situation, the from the sale, exchange, or redemption. This is To determine your original basis of mutual fund basis of the inherited shares is the decedent s explained further under Gains and Losses, later. shares you acquired by gift, you must know: adjusted basis in them immediately before his or Sale. In general, a sale is a transfer of shares The donor s adjusted basis, her death, rather than their FMV. for money only. The date of the gift, This basis rule also applies if the decedent s estate (or a trust of which the decedent was the Exchange. An exchange is a transfer of The fair market value (the last quoted pub- grantor) sells the shares instead of distributing shares in return for other shares. lic redemption price) of the shares at the them to you, and you are entitled to the protime of the gift, and Redemption. A redemption occurs when a ceeds. fund reacquires its shares from you in exchange Any gift tax paid on the gift of the shares. Appreciated property. Appreciated property is any property (including mutual fund for money or other property. Recordkeeping. When there is a sale, Fair market value less than donor s adjusted shares) whose FMV is more than its adjusted exchange, or redemption of your basis. If the fair market value (FMV) of the basis. RECORDS shares in a fund, keep the confirmation shares at the time of the gift was less than the Exceptions. This basis rule does not apply statement you receive. The statement shows adjusted basis to the donor at the time of the gift, if the decedent died before 1982 or you gave the the price you received for the shares and other your basis for gain on their disposition is the shares to the decedent before August 14, information you need to report gain or loss on donor s adjusted basis. Your basis for loss is the your return. FMV of the shares at the time of the gift. In this situation, it is possible to sell the shares at Adjusted Basis Exchange of shares in one mutual fund for neither a gain nor a loss because of the basis After you acquire mutual fund shares, you may shares in another mutual fund. Any exyou have to use. need to make adjustments to your basis. The change of shares in one fund for shares in an- adjusted basis of your shares is your original other fund is a taxable exchange. This is true Example. You are given mutual fund shares basis (defined earlier), increased or reduced as even if you exchange shares in one fund for with an adjusted basis of $10,000 at the time of described here. shares in another fund within the same family of the gift. The FMV of the shares at the time of the funds. Report any gain or loss on the shares you gift is $9,000. You later sell the shares for Addition to basis. Increase the basis in your gave up as a capital gain or loss in the year in $9,500. The basis for figuring a gain is $10,000, shares by the difference between the amount of which the exchange occurs. Usually, you can so there is no gain. There also is no loss, since undistributed capital gain you include in income add any service charge or fee paid in connection the basis for figuring a loss is $9,000. In this and the tax considered paid by you on that with an exchange to the cost of the shares ac- situation, you have neither a gain nor a loss. income. quired. For an exception, see Commissions and load charges under Shares Acquired by Fair market value equal to or more than do- The mutual fund reports the amount of your Purchase, earlier. nor s adjusted basis. If the FMV of the undistributed capital gain on Form 2439, box 1a, shares at the time of the gift was equal to or and any tax paid by the mutual fund in box 2. Information returns. Mutual funds and bromore than the donor s adjusted basis at the time You should keep Copy C of all Forms 2439 to kers must report proceeds from sales, exof the gift, your basis is the donor s adjusted show increases in the basis of your shares. changes, or redemptions to the Internal Publication 564 (2009) Page 5

6 Revenue Service. They must provide or send acquired all on the same day and for the same 2. Receive confirmation in writing from your each customer a written statement with that in- price, figuring their basis is not difficult. Howformation broker or other agent within a reasonable by February 15 of the year following ever, shares are generally acquired at various time of your specification of the particular the calendar year the transaction occurred. times, in various quantities, and at various shares sold or transferred. Form 1099-B, or a substitute, may be used for prices. Therefore, figuring your basis can be You continue to have the burden of proving this purpose. If it is mailed, you should allow more difficult. You can choose to use either a your basis in the specified shares at the time of adequate time to receive it before contacting the cost basis or an average basis to figure your sale or transfer. payer. If you still do not get the form by February gain or loss. 28, call the IRS for help. First-in first-out (FIFO). If your shares were Report your sales shown on Form(s) 1099-B acquired at different times or at different prices (or substitute) on Schedule D (Form 1040) along Cost Basis and you cannot identify which shares you sold, with your other gains and losses. If the total of use the basis of the shares you acquired first as the sales price amounts reported on Form(s) You can figure your gain or loss using a cost the basis of the shares sold. In other words, the 1099-B in box 2 is more than the total you report basis only if you did not previously use an aver- oldest shares you own are considered sold first. on Schedule D (Form 1040), lines 3 and 10, age basis for a sale, exchange, or redemption of You should keep a separate record of each attach a statement to your return explaining the other shares in the same mutual fund. purchase and any dispositions of the shares difference. To figure cost basis, you can choose one of until all shares purchased at the same time have Taxpayer identification number. You the following methods. been disposed of completely. must give the broker your correct taxpayer iden- Table 3 (on the next page) illustrates the use Specific share identification. tification number (TIN). Generally, an individual of the FIFO method to figure the cost basis of will use his or her social security number as the First-in first-out (FIFO). shares sold, compared with the use of the sin- TIN. gle-category method to figure average basis Specific share identification. If you ade- (discussed next). If you do not provide your TIN, your broker is required to withhold tax on the gross proceeds of quately identify the shares you sold, you can use a transaction. For 2010, the withholding rate is the adjusted basis of those particular shares to 28%. In addition, you may be penalized. figure your gain or loss. Average Basis You will adequately identify your mutual fund You can figure your gain or loss using an aver- Identifying the Shares Sold shares, even if you bought the shares in different age basis only if you acquired the shares at lots at various prices and times, if you: various times and prices, and you left the shares To figure your gain or loss when you dispose of on deposit in an account handled by a custodian mutual fund shares, you need to determine 1. Specify to your broker or other agent the or agent who acquires or redeems those shares. which shares were sold and the basis of those particular shares to be sold or transferred To figure average basis, you can use one of shares. If your shares in a mutual fund were at the time of the sale or transfer, and the following methods. Table 2. Mutual Fund Record Acquired 1 Sold or redeemed Adjusted 2 Mutual Fund Number Cost Adjustment to Basis Per Share Basis Per Number Date of Per Share Date of Shares Share Shares 1 Include share received from reinvestment of distributions. 2 Cost plus or minus adjustments. Page 6 Publication 564 (2009)

7 Table 3. Example of How To Figure Basis of Shares Sold This is an example showing two different ways to figure basis. It compares the cost basis using the FIFO method with the average basis using the single-category method. your shares was $4,800 ($1,000 + $1,200 + $2,600). On May 11, 2009, you sold 150 shares. The basis of the shares you sold is $2,400 ($16 per share), figured as follows. Date Action Share Price No. of Shares Total Shares 1) Enter the total adjusted basis of all Owned the shares you owned in the fund 2/6/08 Invest $4,000 $ just before the sale. (If you made an earlier sale of shares in this 8/7/08 Invest $4,800 $ fund, add the adjusted basis of any shares you still owned after the 12/18/08 Reinvest $300 last sale and the adjusted basis of dividend $ any shares you acquired after that sale.)... $4,800 10/1/09 Sell 210 shares $ ) Enter the total number of shares for $6,720 you owned in the fund just before the sale COST BASIS To figure the basis of the 210 shares sold on 10/1/09, use the share 3) Divide the amount on line 1 by the (FIFO) price of the first 210 shares you bought, namely the 160 shares you amount on line 2. This is your purchased on 2/6/08 and 50 of those purchased on 8/7/08. average basis per share... $ 16 $4,000 (cost of 160 shares on 2/6/08) 4) Enter the number of shares you + $1,000 (cost of 50 shares on 8/7/08) sold Basis = $5,000 5) Multiply the amount on line 3 by the amount on line 4. This is the AVERAGE BASIS To figure the basis of the 210 shares sold on 10/1/09, use the basis of the shares you sold... $2,400 (single-category) average basis of all 410 shares owned on 10/1/09. Remaining shares. The average basis of $9,100 (cost of 410 shares) the shares you still hold after a sale of some of 410 (number of shares) your shares is the same as the average basis of $22.20 (average basis per share) the shares sold. The next time you make a sale, your average basis will still be the same, unless $22.20 you have acquired additional shares (or have 210 made a subsequent adjustment to basis). Basis = $4,662 Example 2. The facts are the same as in Example 1, except that you sold an additional 50 shares on December 17, You do not need Single-category method. Example. You bought 400 shares in the to recompute the average basis of the 150 LJO Mutual Fund: 200 shares on May 15, 2008, Double-category method. shares you owned at that time because you and 200 shares on May 14, On November acquired or sold no shares, and had no other 10, 2009, you sold 300 shares. The basis of all Once you elect to use an average basis, you adjustments to basis, since the last sale. Your 300 shares sold is the same, but you held 200 must continue to use it for all accounts in the basis is the $16 per share figured earlier. shares for more than 1 year, so your gain or loss same fund. (You must also continue to use the on those shares is long term. You held 100 same method.) However, you may use the cost Example 3. The facts are the same as in shares for 1 year or less, so your gain or loss on basis (or a different method of figuring the averthose shares is short term. Example 1, except that you bought an additional age basis) for shares in other funds, even those 150 shares at $14 a share on September 17, How to figure the basis of shares sold. To within the same family of funds. 2009, and then sold 50 shares on December 18, figure the basis of shares you sell, use the steps The total adjusted basis of all the shares Example. You own two accounts that hold in the following worksheet. you owned just before the sale is $4,500, figured shares of the income fund issued by Company as follows. 1) Enter the total adjusted basis of all A. You also own 100 shares of the growth fund the shares you owned in the fund issued by Company A. If you elect to use aver- 1) Basis of remaining shares ($16 x just before the sale. (If you made age basis for the first account of the income 150)... $2,400 an earlier sale of shares in this fund, you must use average basis for the second 2) Cost of shares acquired 9/17/09 fund, add the adjusted basis of any account. However, you may use cost basis for ($14 x 150)... $2,100 shares you still owned after the last the growth fund. 3) Total adjusted basis of all shares sale and the adjusted basis of any owned ($2,400 + $2,100)... $4,500 You may be able to find the average shares you acquired after that TIP sale.)... $ basis of your shares from information The basis of the shares sold is $750 ($15 a provided by the fund. 2) Enter the total number of shares share), figured as follows. you owned in the fund just before Single-category method. Under the sinthe shares you owned in the fund the sale... 1) Enter the total adjusted basis of all gle-category method, you find the average basis 3) Divide the amount on line 1 by the of all shares owned at the time of each disposi- amount on line 2. This is your just before the sale. (If you made tion, regardless of how long you owned them. average basis per share... $ an earlier sale of shares in this fund, add the adjusted basis of any Include shares acquired with reinvested divi- 4) Enter the number of shares you shares you still owned after the dends or capital gain distributions. sold... last sale and the adjusted basis of Table 3 illustrates the use of the sinany shares you acquired after that 5) Multiply the amount on line 3 by the gle-category method to figure the average basis amount on line 4. This is the basis sale.)... $4,500 of shares sold, compared with the use of the FIFO method to figure cost basis (discussed of the shares you sold... $ 2) Enter the total number of shares earlier). you owned in the fund just before Even though you include all unsold shares of Example 1. You bought 300 shares in the the sale a fund in a single category to compute average LJP Mutual Fund: 100 shares in 2006 for $1,000 3) Divide the amount on line 1 by the basis, you may have both short-term and ($10 per share); 100 shares in 2007 for $1,200 amount on line 2. This is your long-term gains or losses when you sell these ($12 per share); and 100 shares in 2008 for average basis per share... $ 15 shares. To determine your holding period, the $2,600 ($26 per share). Thus, the total cost of shares disposed of are considered to be those acquired first. Publication 564 (2009) Page 7

8 4) Enter the number of shares you Adjusted basis. Adjusted basis is explained Determining period held. Determine your sold under Keeping Track of Your Basis, earlier. Also holding period by using the trade dates of your see the explanations of cost basis and average purchases and your sales. The trade date is the 5) Multiply the amount on line 3 by basis under Identifying the Shares Sold, earlier. date on which you contract to buy or sell shares. the amount on line 4. This is the Most mutual funds will show the trade dates on basis of the shares you sold... $ 750 Wash sales. If you sell mutual fund shares at confirmation statements showing your a loss and within 30 days before or after the sale purchases and sales. you buy, acquire in a taxable exchange, or ac- Double-category method. In the quire a contract or option to buy substantially Do not confuse the trade date with the double-category method, all shares in an acidentical shares, you have a wash sale. You! settlement date, which is the date by count at the time of each disposition are divided cannot deduct losses from wash sales. CAUTION which the mutual fund shares must be into two categories: short term and long term. delivered and payment must be made. Shares held 1 year or less are short term. Substantially identical. In determining Shares held longer than 1 year are long term. whether the shares are substantially identical, To find out how long you have held your you must consider all the facts and circum- shares, begin counting on the day after the trade The basis of each share in a category is the stances. Ordinarily, shares issued by one muaverage basis for that category. This is the total date on which you bought the shares. (Do not tual fund are not considered to be substantially count the trade date itself.) The trade date on remaining basis of all shares in that category at identical to shares issued by another mutual which you dispose of the shares is counted as the time of disposition divided by the total shares fund. part of your holding period. in the category at that time. To use this method, you specify, to the custodian or agent handling For more information on wash sales, see Publication 550. Example. If you bought shares on January your account, from which category the shares 7, 2008 (trade date), and sold them on January are to be sold or transferred. The custodian or Reporting information from Form 1099-B. 7, 2009 (trade date), your holding period would agent must confirm in writing your specification. Mutual funds and brokers report dispositions of not be more than 1 year. If you sold them on If you do not specify or receive confirmation, you mutual fund shares on Form 1099-B, or a substi- January 8, 2009, your holding period would be must first charge the shares sold against the tute form containing substantially the same lan- more than 1 year (12 months plus 1 day). long-term category and then charge any remain- guage. The form shows the amount of the sales ing shares sold against the short-term category. price and indicates whether the amount reported Mutual fund shares received as a gift. If you Changing categories. After you have held is the gross amount or the net amount (gross receive a gift of mutual fund shares and your a mutual fund share for more than 1 year, you amount minus commissions). basis is determined by the donor s basis, your must transfer that share from the short-term If your Form 1099-B or similar statement holding period is considered to have started on category to the long-term category. The basis of from the payer shows the gross sales price, do the same day that the donor s holding period a transferred share is its actual cost or other not subtract the expenses of sale from it when started. basis to you unless some of the shares in the reporting your sales price in column (d) on Inherited mutual fund shares. If you inherit short-term category have been disposed of. In Schedule D (Form 1040). Instead, report the mutual fund shares, you are considered to have that case, the basis of a transferred share is the gross amount in column (d) and increase your held the shares for more than 1 year, regardless average basis of the undisposed shares at the cost or other basis, column (e), by any expense of how long you actually held them. Report the time of the most recent disposition from this of the sale. If your Form 1099-B shows that the sale of inherited mutual fund shares on Schedgross sales price less commissions was recategory. ule D (Form 1040), line 8, and enter Inherited ported to IRS, enter the net amount in column in column (b) instead of the date you acquired Making the choice. You choose to use the (d) of Schedule D (Form 1040) and do not inthe shares. average basis of mutual fund shares by clearly crease your basis in column (e) by the sales showing on your income tax return, for each commission. Reinvested distributions. If your dividends year the choice applies, that you used an aver- and capital gain distributions are reinvested in age basis in reporting gain or loss from the sale Example 1. You sold 100 shares of Fund new shares, the holding period of each new or transfer of the shares. You must specify HIJ for $2,500. You paid a $75 commission to share begins the day after that share was purthe broker for handling the sale. Your Form chased. Therefore, if you sell both the new whether you used the single-category method or the double-category method in determining av B shows that the net sales proceeds, shares and the original shares, you might have erage basis. This choice is effective until you get $2,425 ($2,500 $75), were reported to the IRS. both short-term and long-term gains and losses. permission from the IRS to revoke it. Report $2,425 in column (d) of Schedule D (Form 1040). Certain short-term losses. Special rules may Shares received as gift. If your account apply if you have a short-term loss on the sale of includes shares that you received by gift, and Example 2. You sold 200 shares of Fund shares on which you received an exthe fair market value of the shares at the time of KLM for $10,000. You paid a $100 commission empt-interest dividend or a capital gain distributhe gift was not more than the donor s basis, at the time of the sale. You bought the shares for tion. special rules apply. You cannot choose to use $5,000. The broker reported the gross proceeds the average basis for the account unless you Exempt-interest dividends before to IRS on Form 1099-B, so you enter $10,000 in submit a statement with your initial choice. It short-term loss. If you received ex- column (d) of Schedule D (Form 1040) and inempt-interest dividends on mutual fund shares must state that the basis used in figuring the crease your basis in column (e) to $5,100. average basis of the gift shares will be the FMV that you held for 6 months or less and sold at a at the time of the gift. This statement applies to loss, you may claim only the part of the loss that Note. Whether you use line 1 (for a gift shares received before and after making the is more than the exempt-interest dividends. On short-term gain or loss) or line 8 (for a long-term choice, as long as the choice to use the average Schedule D (Form 1040), column (d), increase gain or loss) of Schedule D (Form 1040) dethe sales price by the amount of exempt-interest basis is in effect. pends on how long you held the shares, disdividends, but do not increase it to more than the cussed next. cost or other basis shown in column (e). Report Gains and Losses the loss as a short-term capital loss. You figure gain or loss on the disposition of your Holding Period Example. On January 7, 2009, you bought shares by comparing the amount you realize When you dispose of your mutual fund shares, a mutual fund share for $40. On February 4, with the adjusted basis of your shares. If the you must determine your holding period. Your 2009, the mutual fund paid a $5 dividend from amount you realize is more than the adjusted holding period determines whether the gain or tax-exempt interest, which is not taxable to you. basis of the shares, you have a gain. If the loss is a short-term capital gain or loss or a On February 11, 2009, you sold the share for amount you realize is less than the adjusted long-term capital gain or loss. $34. If it were not for the tax-exempt dividend, basis of the shares, you have a loss. your loss would be $6 ($40 $34). However, Short-term gain or loss. If you hold the Amount you realize. The amount you realize you must increase the sales price from $34 to shares for 1 year or less, your gain or loss will be from a disposition of your shares is the money $39 (to account for the $5 portion of the loss that a short-term gain or loss. and value of any property you receive for the is not deductible). You can deduct only $1 as a shares disposed of, minus your expenses of Long-term gain or loss. If you hold the short-term capital loss. sale (such as redemption fees, sales commis- shares for more than 1 year, your gain or loss Capital gain distribution before short-term sions, sales charges, or exit fees). will be a long-term gain or loss. loss. Generally, if you received capital gain Page 8 Publication 564 (2009)

9 distributions (or had to report undistributed capi- If you are reporting capital gain distributions Capital loss carryover. If you have a total net tal gains) on mutual fund shares that you held for on Form 1040, but are not required to file Sched- loss on Schedule D (Form 1040), line 16, that is 6 months or less and sold at a loss, report only ule D (Form 1040), use the Qualified Dividends more than the yearly limit on capital loss deducand the part of the loss that is more than the capital Capital Gain Tax Worksheet in the Form tions, you can carry over the unused part to next gain distribution (or undistributed capital gain) 1040 instructions to figure your tax. See How To year and treat it as if you had incurred it in that as a short-term capital loss. The rest of the loss Report, earlier, to see whether you must file next year. To determine your capital loss carryis reported as a long-term capital loss. Schedule D (Form 1040). over, subtract from your total net loss the lesser If you are required to file Schedule D (Form of: Example. On April 10, 2009, you bought a 1040), use the Qualified Dividends and Capital mutual fund share for $20. On June 26, 2009, Gain Tax Worksheet in the Form 1040 instructhe year, or 1. Your allowable capital loss deduction for the mutual fund paid a capital gain distribution of tions to figure your tax if both of the following are $2 a share, which is taxed as a long-term capital true. 2. Your taxable income increased by your algain. On July 14, 2009, you sold the share for lowable capital loss deduction for the year $ If it were not for the capital gain distribu- 1. You have a net capital gain or qualified and by your deduction for personal exempdividends (or both). You have a net capital tion, your loss would be a short-term loss of tions. $2.50 ($20 $17.50). However, the part of the gain if both lines 15 and 16 of Schedule D loss that is not more than the capital gain districome, you start the computation in (2) above (Form 1040) are gains. Qualified dividends If your deductions exceed your gross inbution ($2) must be reported as a long-term are explained earlier under Tax Treatment capital loss. The remaining $0.50 of the loss can of Distributions. with negative taxable income. be reported as a short-term capital loss. 2. You do not have to use the Schedule D Use the Capital Loss Carryover Worksheet Tax Worksheet. in Publication 550 to figure your capital loss Loss on share that paid qualified dividends. carryover. Any loss on the sale or exchange of a mutual If you have any collectibles gain, exclusion When carried over, the loss will keep its fund share must be treated as a long-term capi- from eligible gain on qualified small business original character as long term or short term. tal loss to the extent you received, from that stock, or unrecaptured section 1250 gain, you Therefore, a long-term capital loss carried over share, qualified dividends (defined earlier) that will have to use the Schedule D Tax Worksheet from a previous year will offset long-term gains are extraordinary dividends. This is true regard- in the Schedule D instructions to figure your tax. of the current year before it offsets short-term less of how long you actually held the share. gains of the current year. For more information Generally, an extraordinary dividend is a divi- on figuring capital loss carryovers, see Publicadend that equals or exceeds 10% (5% in the Capital Gain Tax Rates tion 550. case of preferred stock) of your adjusted basis in the mutual fund share. The tax rates that apply to a net capital gain are Separate returns. Capital loss carryovers generally lower than the tax rates that apply to from separate returns are combined if you now other income. These lower rates are called the file a joint return. However, if you once filed How To Figure Net Gain or Loss maximum capital gain rates. jointly and are now filing separately, a capital The term net capital gain means the loss carryover from the joint return can be de- Separate your short-term gains and losses from amount by which your net long-term capital gain ducted only on the separate return of the spouse your long-term gains and losses on all the mu- for the year is more than any net short-term who actually had the loss. tual fund shares and other capital assets you capital loss. disposed of during the year. Then determine The maximum capital gain rate can be 0%, your net short-term gain or loss and your net 15%, 25%, or 28%. See Table 4. long-term gain or loss. Investment Expenses If you figure your tax using the maximum capital gain rate and the regular Net short-term capital gain or loss. Net TIP You can generally deduct the expenses of protax computation results in a lower tax, short-term capital gain or loss is determined by ducing taxable investment income. These inthe regular tax computation applies. adding the gains and losses shown on Schedule clude expenses for investment counseling and D (Form 1040), Part I, column (f), lines 1 through advice, legal and accounting fees, and invest- 6. Line 7 is the net short-term capital gain or Example. You have a capital gain distribu- ment newsletters. These expenses are deductiloss. tion that is a section 1202 gain, so the maximum ble as miscellaneous itemized deductions to the capital gain rate on the distribution would be Net long-term capital gain or loss. Net extent that they exceed 2% of your adjusted 28%. Because you are single and your taxable long-term capital gain or loss is determined by gross income. See chapter 3 in Publication 550 income is $25,000, none of your taxable income adding the gains and losses shown on Schedule for more information. will be taxed above the 15% rate. The 28% rate D (Form 1040), Part II, column (f), lines 8 Interest paid on money to buy or carry investdoes not apply. through 14. Line 15 is the net long-term capital ment property is also deductible, but the deduc- gain or loss. tion may be limited. See Limit on Investment Your net long-term capital gain or loss in- Interest Expense, later. Limit on Capital Loss Deduction cludes any undistributed capital gains you reported on Schedule D (Form 1040), line 11, and If Schedule D (Form 1040), Part III, line 16, Publicly offered mutual funds. Most mutual any capital gain distributions you reported on shows a loss, your allowable capital loss deduc- funds are publicly offered. Expenses of publicly Schedule D (Form 1040), line 13. tion is the smaller of: offered mutual funds are not treated as miscella- neous itemized deductions. This is because Total net gain or loss. The total net gain or 1. $3,000 ($1,500 if you are married and filing these mutual funds report only the net amount of loss is determined by combining the net a separate return), or investment income after your share of the in- short-term capital gain or loss on line 7 with the 2. Your total net loss shown on Schedule D vestment expenses has been deducted. net long-term capital gain or loss on line 15. (Form 1040), line 16. Enter the result on Schedule D (Form 1040), Nonpublicly offered mutual funds. If you Part III, line 16. If line 16 shows a gain, enter the Enter your allowable loss on Form 1040, line 13. own shares in a nonpublicly offered mutual fund amount on Form 1040, line 13. If line 16 shows a during the year, you can deduct your share of loss, see Limit on Capital Loss Deduction, later. Example. Bob and Gloria sold all of their the investment expenses on your Schedule A shares in a mutual fund. The sale resulted in a (Form 1040). Claim them as a miscellaneous capital loss of $7,000. They had no other capital itemized deduction to the extent your miscellatransactions. Their taxable income was Figuring Your Tax neous itemized deductions exceed 2% of your $26,000. On their joint 2009 return, they can adjusted gross income. Your share of the exdeduct $3,000. The unused part of the loss, If you are reporting capital gain distributions on penses will be shown in box 5 of Form Form 1040A, use the Qualified Dividends and $4,000 ($7,000 $3,000), can be carried over 1099-DIV. A nonpublicly offered mutual fund is Capital Gain Tax Worksheet in the Form 1040A to one that: instructions to figure your tax. See How To Re- If Bob and Gloria s capital loss had been port, earlier, to see whether you can report your $2,000, their capital loss deduction would have 1. Is not continuously offered pursuant to a capital gain distributions on Form 1040A. been $2,000. They would have no carryover. public offering, Publication 564 (2009) Page 9

10 Table 4. What Is Your Maximum Capital Gain Rate? IF your net capital gain is from... THEN your maximum capital gain rate is... collectibles gain 28% eligible gain on qualified small business stock minus the section 1202 exclusion 28% unrecaptured section 1250 gain 25% other gain *, and the regular tax rate that would apply is 25% or higher Other gain *, and the regular tax rate that would apply is lower than 25% * Other gain means any gain that is not collectibles gain, eligible gain on qualified small business stock, or unrecaptured section 1250 gain. 15% 0% 2. Is not regularly traded on an established from passive activities. For more information on information about investment interest expense, securities market, and passive activity losses, see Publication 925, see Publication Is held by fewer than 500 persons at any Passive Activity and At-Risk Rules. time during the tax year. Investment income. Investment income generally includes gross income derived from Contact your mutual fund if you are not sure property held for investment (such as interest, Comprehensive whether it is nonpublicly offered. dividends, annuities, and royalties). It generally Expenses allocable to exempt-interest divi- does not include net capital gain derived from Example dends. You cannot deduct expenses that are disposing of investment property. Nor does it for the collection or production of ex- include qualified dividends or capital gain distrisources of investment income to report on their Robert and Janice Martin have the following four empt-interest dividends. Expenses must be allo- butions from mutual fund shares. However, you cated if they were for both taxable and can choose to include part or all of these 2009 tax return. Page 1 of their Schedule D tax-exempt income. One accepted method for amounts in investment income. For information (Form 1040) is shown later. Page 2 is not illus- allocating expenses is to divide them in the on this choice, see chapter 3 of Publication 550. trated. same proportion that each type of income from Investment expenses. Investment exthe mutual fund is to your total income from the 1. $1,204 gain from the sale of 200 shares of penses are your allowed deductions (other than fund. To find the part of the expenses that reinterest expense) directly connected with the Mutual Fund S on October 5, They lates to the tax-exempt income, you must first received Form 1099-B, and they report the production of investment income. Investment divide your tax-exempt income by your total inexpenses that are included as a miscellaneous sale on Schedule D (Form 1040). come. Then multiply your expenses by the reitemized deduction on Schedule A (Form 1040) Robert and Janice purchased these sult. You cannot deduct this part. shares in 1995 at $10 each. They received are allowable deductions after subtracting 2% of some nondividend distributions in 1997, Example. William received $600 in diviover the 2% limit, miscellaneous expenses that adjusted gross income. In figuring the amount 1998, and 2006 that reduced their basis in dends from his mutual fund: exempt-interest divare not investment expenses are disallowed the shares. In 2007 and 2008, the Martins idends of $480 and taxable dividends of $120. In reported undistributed capital gains that inbefore any investment expenses are disallowed. earning this income, he had a $50 expense for a creased their basis in their shares. They newsletter on mutual funds. William divides the For information on the 2% limit, see Publica- received no distributions in 2009 before the exempt-interest dividends by the total dividends tion 529, Miscellaneous Deductions. sale. to figure the part of the expense that is not deductible. Therefore, 80% ($480 $600) of Example. Jane, a single taxpayer, has in- 2. $265 of ordinary dividends, including $250 William s expense is for exempt-interest ingain distributions from Mutual Fund R. The vestment income for the year of $12,000. Jane s of qualified dividends, and $61 of capital come. He cannot deduct $40 (80% of $50) of the investment expenses (other than interest ex- expense. William may claim the balance of the pense) directly connected with the production of Martins received Form 1099-DIV showing expense, $10, as a miscellaneous itemized deon miscellaneous itemized deductions. Jane in- dividends on Form 1040, line 9a. They re- income were $980 after subtracting the 2% limit these amounts. They report the ordinary duction subject to the 2%-of-adjusted-gross-income limit. That is the curred $12,500 of investment interest expense port the qualified dividends on Form 1040, part of the expense allocable to the taxable during the year. She had no passive activity line 9b. They do not report the ordinary dividends. losses. Jane figures net investment income and dividends on Schedule B (Form 1040A or the limit on her investment interest expense de- 1040) because their total ordinary dividends duction as follows: were not over $1,500. They report the capi- Limit on Investment tal gain distributions on Schedule D (Form Interest Expense Total investment income... $12, ) because they have other capital Subtract: Investment expenses transactions. The amount you can deduct as investment inter- (other than interest) est expense may be limited in two different Net investment income... $11,020 Robert and Janice invested $3,800 in this ways. First, you may not deduct the interest on fund in June 2009 and received money you borrow to buy or carry shares in a For the year, Jane s investment interest ex- shares that cost $24.81 per share. They mutual fund that distributes only exempt-interest pense deduction is limited to $11,020 (her net requested that all of their distributions be dividends. If the fund also distributes taxable investment income). The disallowed interest ex- reinvested in more shares of the fund. On dividends, you must allocate the interest becarried forward to the following year as ex- tional shares at $25.01 per share pense of $1,480 ($12,500 $11,020) can be December 29, 2009, they acquired an addi- tween the taxable and nontaxable income. Alloplained next under Carryover. from their reinvested dividends. cate the interest as explained under Expenses allocable to exempt-interest dividends, earlier. Carryover. You can carry forward to the next 3. $101 of exempt-interest dividends from Mu- Second, your deduction for investment intertax year the investment interest that you cannot tual Fund X. They chose not to reinvest est expense is limited to the amount of your net deduct because of the limit. You can deduct the these exempt-interest dividends and in- investment income. interest carried forward to the extent that your stead received a cash payment. They re- Net investment income. This is figured by net investment income exceeds your investment ceived a Form 1099-INT from the fund subtracting your investment expenses other interest in that later year. showing this nontaxable amount, which than interest from your investment income. For they report on Form 1040, line 8b. this purpose, do not include any income or ex- Form Use Form 4952 to figure your inin The Martins invested $2,600 in this fund penses taken into account to figure gain or loss vestment interest expense deduction. For more April 2007 and received shares at Page 10 Publication 564 (2009)

11 $29.70 per share. They received ex- Mutual Fund X because those dividends do not share). They use their Form 1099-B to complete empt-interest dividends of $92 in 2007 and change their basis in the shares. columns (c) and (d). Their sales price in column $107 in The Martins keep this record with their mu- (d) (the gross proceeds from Form 1099-B, box 4. $237 in ordinary dividends, including $220 tual fund documents, and they use it to report 2) is $3,200 ($16 per share). They enter their of qualified dividends, from 100 shares of their 2009 sale of Mutual Fund S. gain of $1,204 in column (f). common stock in Green Publishing Com- Robert and Janice add the amounts in colpany. These were received as a cash payumn (f) of lines 8 and 13 and enter their net Preparing Schedule D (Form 1040). The ment and not reinvested. They received Martins use their Form 1099-B and their Mutual Form 1099-DIV, and they report the ordi- Fund Record to figure the gain from the sale of long-term capital gain of $1,265 on line 15. They nary dividends on Form 1040, line 9a, and Mutual Fund S to report on Schedule D (Form also enter that amount on line 16. They check the qualified dividends on Form 1040, line 1040). the Yes box for line 17, leave lines 18 and 19 9b. Robert and Janice enter the $61 capital gain blank, and check the Yes box for line 20. They Robert and Janice bought this stock in distribution from Mutual Fund R (from Form follow the line 20 instructions and they compute 1995 for $10.29 per share DIV, box 2a) on line 13, column (f). their tax on Form 1040 using the Qualified Divi- They report the sale of their shares in Mutual dends and Capital Gain Tax Worksheet in the Mutual Fund Record. Robert and Janice Fund S on line 8 because they owned the shares Form 1040 instructions. They enter their taxable keep track of all their basis adjustments on their Mutual Fund Record, shown later. They show for more than 1 year. They use the information income of $36,505 (from Form 1040, line 43) on the nondividend distributions and the undistribdends of $470 ($250 from Mutual Fund R and from their Mutual Fund Record to complete col- line 1 of the worksheet and their qualified divi- uted capital gains from Mutual Fund S and the umns (a), (b), and (e). After adjustment for their reinvested dividends from Mutual Fund R. They nondividend distributions and their undistributed $220 from Green Publishing Co.) (from Form do not show the exempt-interest dividends from capital gains, their basis is $1,996 ($9.98 per 1040, line 9b) on line 2. Table 5. Mutual Fund Record for Robert and Janice Martin Acquired 1 Sold or Redeemed Adjusted 2 Mutual Fund Number Cost Adjustment to Basis Per Share Basis Per Number Date of Per Share Date of Shares Share Shares MUTUAL FUND S (.05) (.02) (.04) MUTUAL FUND X MUTUAL FUND R Include share received from reinvestment of distributions. 2 Cost plus or minus adjustments. Publication 564 (2009) Page 11

12 Filled-in Schedule D-Robert and Janice Martin (Page references are to the Schedule D instructions.) SCHEDULE D Capital Gains and Losses OMB No (Form 1040) Attach to Form 1040 or Form 1040NR. See Instructions for Schedule D (Form 1040) Department of the Treasury Attachment Internal Revenue Service (99) Use Schedule D-1 to list additional transactions for lines 1 and 8. Sequence No. 12 Name(s) shown on return Your social security number ROBERT A. and JANICE MARTIN Part I Short-Term Capital Gains and Losses Assets Held One Year or Less 1 (a) Description of property (Example: 100 sh. XYZ Co.) (b) Date acquired (Mo., day, yr.) (c) Date sold (Mo., day, yr.) (d) Sales price (see page D-7 of the instructions) (e) Cost or other basis (see page D-7 of the instructions) (f) Gain or (loss) Subtract (e) from (d) 2 Enter your short-term totals, if any, from Schedule D-1, line Total short-term sales price amounts. Add lines 1 and 2 in column (d) Short-term gain from Form 6252 and short-term gain or (loss) from Forms 4684, 6781, and Net short-term gain or (loss) from partnerships, S corporations, estates, and trusts from Schedule(s) K Short-term capital loss carryover. Enter the amount, if any, from line 10 of your Capital Loss Carryover Worksheet on page D-7 of the instructions ( ) 7 Net short-term capital gain or (loss). Combine lines 1 through 6 in column (f) Part II 8 Long-Term Capital Gains and Losses Assets Held More Than One Year (a) Description of property (Example: 100 sh. XYZ Co.) (b) Date acquired (Mo., day, yr.) (c) Date sold (Mo., day, yr.) (d) Sales price (see page D-7 of the instructions) (e) Cost or other basis (see page D-7 of the instructions) (f) Gain or (loss) Subtract (e) from (d) 200 Shares MUTUAL FUND S ,200 1,996 1,204 9 Enter your long-term totals, if any, from Schedule D-1, line Total long-term sales price amounts. Add lines 8 and 9 in column (d) , Gain from Form 4797, Part I; long-term gain from Forms 2439 and 6252; and long-term gain or (loss) from Forms 4684, 6781, and Net long-term gain or (loss) from partnerships, S corporations, estates, and trusts from Schedule(s) K Capital gain distributions. See page D-2 of the instructions Long-term capital loss carryover. Enter the amount, if any, from line 15 of your Capital Loss Carryover Worksheet on page D-7 of the instructions ( ) 15 Net long-term capital gain or (loss). Combine lines 8 through 14 in column (f). Then go to Part III on the back ,265 For Paperwork Reduction Act Notice, see Form 1040 or Form 1040NR instructions. Cat. No H Schedule D (Form 1040) 2009 Page 12 Publication 564 (2009)

13 Qualified Dividends and Capital Gain Tax Worksheet Line 44 Keep for Your Records Before you begin: See the instructions for line 44 that begin on page 37 to see if you can use this worksheet to figure your tax. If you do not have to file Schedule D and you received capital gain distributions, be sure you checked the box on line 13 of Form Enter the amount from Form 1040, line 43. However, if you are filing Form 2555 or Form 2555-EZ (relating to foreign earned income), enter the amount from line 3 of the worksheet on page , Enter the amount from Form 1040, line 9b* Are you filing Schedule D?* Yes. Enter the smaller of line 15 or 16 of Schedule D. If either line 15 or line 16 is a loss, enter ,265 Enter the amount from Form 1040, line 13 } No. 4. Add lines 2 and , If you are claiming investment interest expense on Form 4952, enter the amount from line 4g of that form. Otherwise, enter Subtract line 5 from line 4. If zero or less, enter , Subtract line 6 from line 1. If zero or less, enter , Enter the smaller of: } The amount on line 1, or $33,950 if single or married filing separately, ,505 $67,900 if married filing jointly or qualifying widow(er), $45,500 if head of household. 9. Is the amount on line 7 equal to or more than the amount on line 8? Yes. Skip lines 9 and 10; go to line 11 and check the No box. No. Enter the amount from line , Subtract line 9 from line , Are the amounts on lines 6 and 10 the same? Yes. Skip lines 11 through 14; go to line 15. No. Enter the smaller of line 1 or line Enter the amount from line 10 (if line 10 is blank, enter -0-) Subtract line 12 from line Multiply line 13 by 15% (.15) Figure the tax on the amount on line 7. Use the Tax Table or Tax Computation Worksheet, whichever applies , Add lines 14 and , Figure the tax on the amount on line 1. Use the Tax Table or Tax Computation Worksheet, whichever applies , Tax on all taxable income. Enter the smaller of line 16 or line 17. Also include this amount on Form 1040, line 44. If you are filing Form 2255 or 2555-EZ, do not enter this amount on Form 1040, line 44. Instead, enter it on line 4 of the worksheet on page ,381 *If you are filing Form 2555 or Form 2555-EZ, see the footnote in the worksheet on page 38 before completing this line. Publication 564 (2009) Page 13

14 How To Get Tax Help TeleTax topics (recorded tax information) you forms, instructions, and publications, and can listen to on your telephone. prior-year forms and instructions. You Accessible versions of IRS published prod- should receive your order within 10 days. You can get help with unresolved tax issues, ucts are available on request in a variety of Asking tax questions. Call the IRS with order free publications and forms, ask tax ques- alternative formats for people with disabilities. your tax questions at tions, and get information from the IRS in sev- Free help with your return. Free help in preeral ways. By selecting the method that is best Solving problems. You can get paring your return is available nationwide from for you, you will have quick and easy access to face-to-face help solving tax problems IRS-trained volunteers. The Volunteer Income tax help. every business day in IRS Taxpayer As- Tax Assistance (VITA) program is designed to sistance Centers. An employee can exhelp low-income taxpayers and the Tax Coun- Contacting your Taxpayer Advocate. The plain IRS letters, request adjustments to Taxpayer Advocate Service (TAS) is an inde- seling for the Elderly (TCE) program is designed your account, or help you set up a payto assist taxpayers age 60 and older with their pendent organization within the IRS whose em- ment plan. Call your local Taxpayer Assistax returns. Many VITA sites offer free electronic ployees assist taxpayers who are experiencing tance Center for an appointment. To find economic harm, who are seeking help in resolv- filing and all volunteers will let you know about the number, go to and deductions you may be entitled to ing tax problems that have not been resolved tacts or look in the phone book under through normal channels, or who believe that an claim. To find the nearest VITA or TCE site, call United States Government, Internal Reve- IRS system or procedure is not working as it nue Service. should. Here are seven things every taxpayer As part of the TCE program, AARP offers the should know about TAS: Tax-Aide counseling program. To find the near- TTY/TDD equipment. If you have access est AARP Tax-Aide site, call or to TTY/TDD equipment, call TAS is your voice at the IRS. visit AARP s website at to ask tax questions or to Our service is free, confidential, and tai- taxaide. order forms and publications. lored to meet your needs. For more information on these programs, go TeleTax topics. Call to listo and enter keyword VITA in the You may be eligible for TAS help if you ten to pre-recorded messages covering upper right-hand corner. have tried to resolve your tax problem various tax topics. through normal IRS channels and have Internet. You can access the IRS web- Refund information. To check the status of gotten nowhere, or you believe an IRS site at 24 hours a day, 7 your 2009 refund, call procedure just isn t working as it should. days a week to: during business hours or TAS helps taxpayers whose problems are E-file your return. Find out about commer- (automated refund information 24 hours a causing financial difficulty or significant cial tax preparation and e-file services day, 7 days a week). Wait at least 72 cost, including the cost of professional available free to eligible taxpayers. hours after the IRS acknowledges receipt representation. This includes businesses of your e-filed return, or 3 to 4 weeks after Check the status of your 2009 refund. Go as well as individuals. mailing a paper return. If you filed Form to and click on Where s My 8379 with your return, wait 14 weeks (11 TAS employees know the IRS and how to Refund. Wait at least 72 hours after the weeks if you filed electronically). Have navigate it. We will listen to your problem, IRS acknowledges receipt of your e-filed your 2009 tax return available so you can help you understand what needs to be return, or 3 to 4 weeks after mailing a provide your social security number, your done to resolve it, and stay with you every paper return. If you filed Form 8379 with filing status, and the exact whole dollar step of the way until your problem is re- your return, wait 14 weeks (11 weeks if amount of your refund. Refunds are sent solved. you filed electronically). Have your 2009 out weekly on Fridays. If you check the tax return available so you can provide TAS has at least one local taxpayer advo- status of your refund and are not given the your social security number, your filing cate in every state, the District of Colum- date it will be issued, please wait until the status, and the exact whole dollar amount bia, and Puerto Rico. You can call your next week before checking back. of your refund. local advocate, whose number is in your Other refund information. To check the phone book, in Pub. 1546, Taxpayer Ad- Download forms, instructions, and publica- status of a prior year refund or amended vocate Service Your Voice at the IRS, tions. return refund, call and on our website at Order IRS products online. cate. You can also call our toll-free line at Evaluating the quality of our telephone or TTY/TDD Research your tax questions online. services. To ensure IRS representatives give Search publications online by topic or accurate, courteous, and professional answers, You can learn about your rights and reof keyword. we use several methods to evaluate the quality our telephone services. One method is for a sponsibilities as a taxpayer by visiting our Use the online Internal Revenue Code, online tax toolkit at second IRS representative to listen in on or Regulations, or other official guidance. record random telephone calls. Another is to ask Low Income Taxpayer Clinics (LITCs). View Internal Revenue Bulletins (IRBs) some callers to complete a short survey at the The Low Income Taxpayer Clinic program published in the last few years. end of the call. serves individuals who have a problem with the Figure your withholding allowances using IRS and whose income is below a certain level. Walk-in. Many products and services the withholding calculator online at www. LITCs are independent from the IRS. Most are available on a walk-in basis. irs.gov/individuals. LITCs can provide representation before the IRS or in court on audits, tax collection disputes, Determine if Form 6251 must be filed by Products. You can walk in to many post and other issues for free or a small fee. If an using our Alternative Minimum Tax (AMT) offices, libraries, and IRS offices to pick up individual s native language is not English, some Assistant. certain forms, instructions, and publicaclinics can provide multilingual information Sign up to receive local and national tax tions. Some IRS offices, libraries, grocery about taxpayer rights and responsibilities. For news by . stores, copy centers, city and county gov- more information, see Publication 4134, Low ernment offices, credit unions, and office Income Taxpayer Clinic List. This publication is Get information on starting and operating supply stores have a collection of products available at by calling a small business. available to print from a CD or photocopy TAX-FORM ( ), or at your from reproducible proofs. Also, some IRS local IRS office. offices and libraries have the Internal Revenue Code, regulations, Internal Revenue Free tax services. To find out what services Phone. Many services are available by are available, get Publication 910, IRS Guide to phone. Bulletins, and Cumulative Bulletins avail- Free Tax Services. It contains lists of free tax able for research purposes. information sources, including publications, Ordering forms, instructions, and publicaservices, and free tax education and assistance tions. Call TAX FORM Taxpayer Assistance Center every busi- Services. You can walk in to your local programs. It also has an index of over 100 ( ) to order current-year ness day for personal, face-to-face tax Page 14 Publication 564 (2009)

15 help. An employee can explain IRS letters, phone book under United States Govern- Tax law frequently asked questions. request adjustments to your tax account, ment, Internal Revenue Service. Tax Topics from the IRS telephone reor help you set up a payment plan. If you sponse system. need to resolve a tax problem, have ques- Mail. You can send your order for tions about how the tax law applies to your forms, instructions, and publications to Internal Revenue Code Title 26 of the individual tax return, or you are more com- the address below. You should receive U.S. Code. fortable talking with someone in person, a response within 10 days after your request is Fill-in, print, and save features for most tax visit your local Taxpayer Assistance received. forms. Center where you can spread out your records and talk with an IRS representa- Internal Revenue Service Internal Revenue Bulletins. tive face-to-face. No appointment is nec N. Mitsubishi Motorway Toll-free and technical support. essary just walk in. If you prefer, you Bloomington, IL can call your local Center and leave a Two releases during the year. message requesting an appointment to reof DVD for tax products. You can order The first release will ship the beginning solve a tax account issue. A representa- Publication 1796, IRS Tax Products January tive will call you back within 2 business DVD, and obtain: The final release will ship the beginning days to schedule an in-person appoint- of March Current-year forms, instructions, and pubment at your convenience. If you have an lications. ongoing, complex tax account problem or Purchase the DVD from National Technical a special need, such as a disability, an Prior-year forms, instructions, and publica- Information Service (NTIS) at appointment can be requested. All other tions. cdorders for $30 (no handling fee) or call issues will be handled without an appoint toll free to buy the DVD for $30 Tax Map: an electronic research tool and ment. To find the number of your local (plus a $6 handling fee). finding aid. office, go to or look in the Publication 564 (2009) Page 15

16 Index To help us develop a more useful index, please let us know if you have ideas for index entries. See Comments and Suggestions in the Introduction for the ways you can reach us. A D I R Adjusted basis... 5 Distributions... 2 Information returns... 5 Recordkeeping... 5 Amount you realize... 8 Dividends: Inherited mutual fund Redemption fees... 8 Appreciated property... 5 Exempt-interest... 3, 8 shares... 5, 8 Redemptions... 5 Assistance (See Tax help) Ordinary... 2 Investment expenses... 9 Reinvestment rights... 4 Automatic reinvestment Reinvestment of... 3, 8 Investment income plan... 3 Year-end... 2 S Double-category method... 8 Average basis: J Sales... 5 Double-category method... 8 Joint tenants... 2 Schedule D (Form 1040), how to Single-category method... 7 E report on... 8 Exchanges... 5 L Settlement date... 8 B Exchanges of mutual Limit on investment interest Short-term losses... 8 Basis: funds... 5 expenses Single-category method... 7 Adjusted... 4 Exempt-interest Load charges... 4 Suggestions for Average... 6 dividends... 3, 8, 10 publication... 2 Cost... 6 Exit fees... 8 Keeping track of... 4 M Original... 4 Money market fund... 2 T F Basis of shares: More information (See Tax help) Tax credit: First-in first-out (FIFO)... 6 Acquired by gift... 5 Mutual fund record... 5 Form Foreign tax credit... 3 Acquired by inheritance... 5 Undistributed capital Mutual funds: Acquired by purchase... 4 Foreign tax deduction... 3 gains... 3 Defined... 1 Acquired by reinvestment... 5 Forms: Individual retirement Tax help B... 5, 8 arrangements (IRAs)... 2 Tax rates, capital gain DIV... 2, 9 C Money market fund... 2 Taxpayer Advocate Capital gain distributions... 2, Nonpublicly offered... 9 Taxpayer identification , 8 Tax-exempt... 2 number... 6 Free tax services Capital gains: Trade date... 8 Form N TTY/TDD information Net long-term... 9 G Net capital gain... 9 Net short-term... 9 Gains and losses... 8, 9 Net capital loss... 9 U Tax rates... 9 Gifts of mutual fund Nominees... 3 Undistributed capital Undistributed... 2 shares... 5 Nondividend distributions... 3 gains... 2, 3 Capital loss carryover... 9 Gifts of shares... 8 Nontaxable distributions... 3 Carryovers: W Capital loss... 9 H Investment expenses O Wash sales... 8 Help (See Tax help) Separate returns... 9 Ordinary dividends... 2 Worksheet... 5 Holding period... 8 Comments on publication... 2 Shares acquired by gift... 8 Commissions... 4, 8 Shares acquired by P Y Community property states: inheritance... 8 Publications (See Tax help) Year-end dividends... 2 Inherited mutual fund Shares acquired by shares... 5 reinvestment... 8 Q Tax treatment of How to report dividends... 2 Qualified dividends... 2 distributions... 3 Cost basis... 6 Page 16 Publication 564 (2009)