CIMZIA. Rheumatoid Arthritis

Transcription

1 PRESCRIBER Guide CIMZIA, in combination with methotrexate, is indicated for the treatment of moderate to severe, active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in adult patients when the response to disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), including methotrexate, has been inadequate. CIMZIA can be given as monotherapy in case of intolerance to methotrexate or when continued treatment with methotrexate is inappropriate. CIMZIA has been shown to reduce the rate of progression of joint damage as measured by X-ray and to improve physical function, when given in combination with methotrexate.

2 CIMZIA This prescriber guide is aimed to allow physicians to optimise the use of CIMZIA in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. This document is focussed on the safety profile of CIMZIA and should be used alongside the Summary of Product Characteristics for CIMZIA, which provides additional details on the efficacy and safety of CIMZIA. This guide is suitable for all physicians prescribing CIMZIA. This CIMZIA Prescriber Guide is one component of a set of educational tools available for CIMZIA : Patient Alert Card to be supplied to all patients treated with CIMZIA Patient Medication Guide to be supplied to all patients treated with CIMZIA Healthcare Professional (HCP) Administration and Monitoring Guide to be supplied to all HCPs administering CIMZIA Rheumatoid Arthritis Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic inflammatory disease associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The disease is characterised by inflammation of the synovial joints, resulting in pain, swelling, and joint damage with secondary deformity and progressive disability, and chronic fatigue as well as impairment of patient physical function and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Overview of CIMZIA CIMZIA is a recombinant, humanised antibody Fab fragment conjugated to polyethylene glycol (PEG). CIMZIA is a tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF- ) inhibitor with high affinity for human TNF- (a key pro-inflammatory cytokine with a central role in inflammatory processes). CIMZIA does not contain a fragment crystallisable (Fc) region, which is normally present in a complete antibody, and therefore does not fix complement or cause antibody-dependent cellmediated cytotoxicity in vitro. It does not induce apoptosis in vitro in human peripheral blood-derived monocytes or lymphocytes, or neutrophil degranulation. Indication for CIMZIA CIMZIA, in combination with methotrexate (MTX), is indicated for the treatment of moderate to severe, active RA in adult patients when the response to disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) including MTX, has been inadequate. CIMZIA can be given as monotherapy in case of intolerance to MTX or when continued treatment with MTX is inappropriate. CIMZIA has been shown to reduce the rate of progression of joint damage as measured by X-ray and to improve physical function, when given in combination with MTX. 2 3

3 Clinical Efficacy of CIMZIA CIMZIA was studied in 2367 patients with RA in controlled and open-label trials for up to 57 months. The efficacy of CIMZIA has been assessed in two randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind trials in patients aged 18 years of age and over, with active RA diagnosed according to American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria: RAPID 1 (52 week study), 1 and RAPID 2 (24 week study) 2 (Table 1). Patients had at least 9 swollen and tender joints each and had active RA for at least 6 months prior to baseline. CIMZIA was administered subcutaneously in combination with oral MTX. Patients were required to have received MTX for a minimum of 6 months at a stable dose of at least 10 mg weekly for 2 months prior to inclusion in both trials. Table 1: Clinical Trial Description Patient Study number numbers Dose regimen Study objectives RAPID 1 (52 weeks) RAPID 2 (24 weeks) *mtss: modified Total Sharp Score CIMZIA 400 mg (0, 2, 4 weeks) with MTX CIMZIA 200 mg or 400 mg every 2 weeks with MTX CIMZIA 400 mg (0, 2, 4 weeks) with MTX CIMZIA 200 mg or 400 mg every 2 weeks with MTX Evaluation for treatment of signs and symptoms and inhibition of structural damage. Co-primary endpoints: ACR20 at week 24 and change from baseline in mtss* at week 52. Evaluation for treatment of signs and symptoms and inhibition of structural damage. Primary endpoint: ACR20 at week 24. ACR Response A statistically significantly greater ACR20 response was achieved from Week 1 in both clinical trials compared to placebo. ACR50 response was statistically significantly greater from Week 2. Responses were maintained through Weeks 52 (RAPID 1) and 24 (RAPID 2) (Table 2). Of the 783 patients initially randomised to active treatment in RAPID 1, 508 completed 52 weeks of placebo-controlled treatment and entered the open-label extension study. Of these, 427 completed 2 years of open-label follow-up and thus had a total exposure to CIMZIA of 148 weeks overall. The observed ACR20 response rate at this time point was 91%. Table 2: ACR Response in RAPID 1 and RAPID 2 CIMZIA vs placebo: *P **P< RAPID 1 Methotrexate combination (24 and 52 weeks) RAPID 2 Methotrexate combination (24 weeks) Response Placebo + MTX CIMZIA Placebo + MTX CIMZIA 200 mg + MTX 200 mg + MTX every 2 weeks every 2 weeks ACR20 (N=199) (N=393) (N=127) (N=246) Week 24 14% 59%** 9% 57%** Week 52 13% 53%** N/A N/A ACR50 Week 24 8% 37%** 3% 33%** Week 52 8% 38%** N/A N/A ACR70 Week 24 3% 21%** 1% 16%* Week 52 4% 21%** N/A N/A Major clinical response a 1% 13%** a Major clinical response is defined as achieving ACR70 response at every assessment over a continuous 6-month period. Wald P-values are quoted for the comparison of treatments using logistic regression with factors for treatment and region. Percentage response based upon number of subjects contributing data (n) to that end point and time point which may differ from N. Fatigue and Physical Function In RAPID 1 and RAPID 2: C I M Z I A -treated patients reported significant improvements in physical function as assessed by the Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index (HAQ-DI) as early as Week 1 through to the end of the studies (Week 52, RAPID 1; Week 24, RAPID 2) compared to placebo. Improvements in physical function were maintained to at least 2 years in the open-label extension to RAPID 1. C I M Z I A -treated patients reported significant improvements in tiredness (fatigue) as reported by the Fatigue Assessment Scale (FAS) as early as Week 1 through to the end of the studies (Week 52, RAPID 1; Week 24, RAPID 2) compared to placebo. SF-36 In both clinical trials, CIMZIA -treated patients reported significantly greater improvements in the SF-36 Physical and Mental Component Summaries (PCS and MCS) and all domain scores indicating better health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Improvements in HRQoL were maintained to at least 2 years in the open-label extension to RAPID

4 Radiographic Response In RAPID 1, structural joint damage was assessed radiographically and expressed as change in mtss and its components, the erosion score and joint space narrowing (JSN) score, at Week 52, compared to baseline. CIMZIA patients demonstrated significantly less radiographic progression than patients receiving placebo at Week 24 and Week 52 (Table 3). In the placebo group, 52% of patients experienced no radiographic progression (mtss 0.0) at Week 52 compared to 69% in the CIMZIA 200 mg treatment group. Of the 783 patients initially randomised to active treatment in RAPID 1, 508 completed 52 weeks of placebo-controlled treatment and entered the open-label extension study. Sustained inhibition of progression of structural damage was demonstrated in a subset of 449 of these patients who completed at least 2 years of treatment with CIMZIA (RAPID 1 and open-label extension study) and had evaluable data at the 2-year time point. The Health Care Professional (HCP) Administration and Monitoring Guide should be supplied to all HCPs administering CIMZIA. This administration and monitoring guide is aimed to provide information on the correct administration of CIMZIA and on the need for monitoring following the administration of CIMZIA. After proper training in injection technique, patients may self-inject with CIMZIA if their physician determines that it is appropriate and with medical follow-up as necessary. A separate guide has been developed for patients that want to be trained in self-injection technique. Administration Errors Any administration errors with CIMZIA should be reported to the local representative of the Marketing Authorisation Holder (see the Summary of Product Characteristics for more information) or to the Pharmacovigilance Department of the Health Authority. Table 3: Radiographic Change Over 12 Months in RAPID 1 mtss Week 52 Erosion score Week 52 JSN score Week 52 Placebo + MTX N=199 Mean (SD) 2.8 (7.8) 1.5 (4.3) 1.4 (5.0) CIMZIA 200 mg + MTX N=393 Mean (SD) 0.4 (5.7) 0.1 (2.5) 0.4 (4.2) CIMZIA 200 mg + MTX Placebo + MTX Mean difference Dose of CIMZIA The recommended starting dose of CIMZIA for adult patients with RA is 400 mg (as 2 injections of 200 mg each on one day) at weeks 0, 2 and 4, followed by a maintenance dose of 200 mg every 2 weeks. MTX should be continued during treatment with CIMZIA where appropriate. Available data suggest that clinical response is usually achieved within 12 weeks of treatment. Continued therapy should be carefully reconsidered in patients who show no evidence of therapeutic benefit within the first 12 weeks of treatment. Missed Dose Patients who miss a dose should be advised to inject the next dose of CIMZIA as soon as they remember and then inject the subsequent doses every 2 weeks as originally instructed. P values were <0.001 for both mtss and erosion score and 0.01 for JSN score. An ANCOVA was fitted to the ranked change from baseline for each measure with region and treatment as factors and rank baseline as a covariate. Productivity at Work and Home CIMZIA -treated patients reported statistically significant improvements in the Work Productivity Survey compared to placebo. Contraindications CIMZIA is contraindicated in: Patients with hypersensitivity to the active substance or to any of the excipients. Patients with active tuberculosis (TB) or other severe infections such as sepsis or opportunistic infections. Patients with moderate to severe heart failure (NHYA classes III/IV). Method of Administration of CIMZIA CIMZIA must be administered subcutaneously. The total content (1 ml) of the pre-filled syringe should be administered in a suitable site (thigh or abdomen). CIMZIA treatment should be initiated and supervised by specialist physicians experienced in the diagnosis and treatment of RA. Patients should be given the Patient Alert Card. Injection Site Reactions In the placebo-controlled RA clinical trials, 6.4% of patients treated with CIMZIA developed injection site reactions (erythema, itching, haematoma, pain, swelling or bruising), compared to 6.5% of patients receiving placebo. Injection site pain was observed in 1.5% of patients treated with CIMZIA with no cases leading to withdrawal. Supply of CIMZIA CIMZIA is supplied as a prefilled syringe package. In each prefilled syringe package there are: 2 single-use glass prefilled syringes of CIMZIA 2 alcohol swabs Each prefilled syringe contains 200-mg of CIMZIA. Each 200-mg dose requires 1 subcutaneous 1-mL Injection. Each 400-mg dose requires 2 subcutaneous 1-mL Injections. Pack size of 2 syringes and multipack containing 6 (3 packs of 2) syringes are available. Not all pack sizes may be marketed. Please see the HCP Administration and Monitoring Guide for detailed instructions on the appropriate administration of CIMZIA. 6 7

5 Storage of CIMZIA Refrigerate CIMZIA at 2 C to 8 C. Do not freeze CIMZIA. Do not use beyond expiry date on container. The shelf-life for CIMZIA is 18 months. Keep the pre-filled syringe in the outer carton in order to protect it from light. Keep the container out of the reach and sight of children. Use in Specific Patient Populations Paediatric Population (<18 years old) CIMZIA is not recommended for use in children and adolescents below age 18 due to a lack of data on efficacy and safety. Elderly ( 65 years old) No dose adjustment of CIMZIA is required in the elderly. Population pharmacokinetic analyses showed no effect of age. In the clinical trials, there was an apparently higher incidence of infections among subjects 65 years of age, compared to younger subjects, although experience is limited. Caution should be exercised when treating the elderly, and particular attention paid with respect to occurrence of infections. Renal Impairment Specific clinical trials have not been performed to assess the effect of renal impairment on the pharmacokinetics of CIMZIA or its PEG fraction. However, population pharmacokinetic analysis based on subjects with mild renal impairment showed no effect of creatinine clearance. There are insufficient data to provide a dosing recommendation in moderate and severe renal impairment. The pharmacokinetics of the PEG fraction of CIMZIA are expected to be dependent on renal function but have not been assessed in patients with renal impairment. Hepatic Impairment CIMZIA has not been studied in this patient population. No dose recommendations can be made. Vaccinations No data are available on the response to vaccinations or the transmission of infection by live vaccines in patients receiving CIMZIA. Live vaccines or attenuated vaccines should not be administered concurrently with CIMZIA. Concomitant Use of Other Biologics Severe infections and neutropaenia were reported in clinical studies with concurrent use of anakinra (an interleukin-1 antagonist) or abatacept (a CD28 modulator) and another TNF antagonist, etanercept, with no added benefit compared to TNF antagonist therapy alone. Because of the nature of the adverse events seen with the combination of another TNF antagonist with either abatacept or anakinra therapy, similar toxicities may also result from the combination of anakinra or abatacept and other TNF antagonists. Therefore the use of CIMZIA in combination with anakinra or abatacept is not recommended. Interaction With Other Medicinal Products Concomitant treatment with MTX, corticosteroids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and analgesics showed no effect on the pharmacokinetics of CIMZIA based on a population pharmacokinetics analysis. Co-administration of CIMZIA with MTX had no significant effect on the pharmacokinetics of MTX. In study-to-study comparison, the pharmacokinetics of CIMZIA appeared similar to those observed previously in healthy subjects. Patients Requiring Coagulation Assays There is no evidence that CIMZIA therapy has an effect on blood clotting (in vivo coagulation). However, interference with certain tests of blood clotting (coagulation assays) has been detected in patients treated with CIMZIA. CIMZIA may cause erroneously elevated activated partial thromboplastin time (aptt) assay results in patients without coagulation abnormalities. This effect has been observed with: PTT-Lupus Anticoagulant (LA) test from Diagnostica Stago. Standard Target Activated Partial Thromboplastin time (STA-PTT) Automate tests from Diagnostica Stago. HemosIL APTT-SP liquid test from Instrumentation Laboratories. HemosIL APTT lyophilised silica tests from Instrumentation Laboratories. Other aptt assays may be affected as well. Interference with thrombin time (TT) and prothrombin time (PT) assays have not been observed. After patients receive CIMZIA careful attention should be given to interpretation of abnormal coagulation results. Pregnancy and Lactation There are no adequate data from the use of CIMZIA in pregnant women. Animal studies using a rodent anti-rat TNF- did not reveal evidence of impaired fertility or harm to the foetus. However, these are insufficient with respect to human reproductive toxicity. Due to its inhibition of TNF-, CIMZIA administered during pregnancy could affect normal immune response in the newborn. Therefore, CIMZIA should not be used in pregnancy. Women of childbearing potential should use adequate contraception to prevent pregnancy and continue its use for at least 5 months after the last CIMZIA administration. There is insufficient information on the excretion of CIMZIA in human or animal breast milk. Since immunoglobulins are excreted into human breast milk, a risk to the nursing child cannot be excluded. A decision on whether to continue/discontinue breast-feeding or to continue/discontinue therapy with CIMZIA should be made taking into account the benefit of breast-feeding to the child and the benefit of CIMZIA therapy to the woman. Surgery There is limited safety experience with surgical procedures in patients treated with CIMZIA. The 14-day half-life of CIMZIA should be taken into consideration if a surgical procedure is planned. A patient who requires surgery while on CIMZIA should be closely monitored for infections, and appropriate actions should be taken. 8 9

6 Important Safety Information About CIMZIA For a full list of the undesirable effects with CIMZIA please refer to the Summary of Product Characteristics. Risk of Serious Infections Serious infections (bacterial, viral and fungal), including sepsis, and TB (including miliary, disseminated and extrapulmonary disease), and opportunistic infections (e.g. histoplasmosis, nocardia, candidiasis) have been reported in patients receiving TNF antagonists including CIMZIA. In the placebo-controlled clinical trials, there were more new cases of serious infection in the CIMZIA treatment groups (0.06 per patient-year; all doses), compared with placebo (0.02 per patient-year). Some of these events have been fatal. Do not start CIMZIA in patients with an active infection, including chronic or localised infections. Exercise caution in: Patients with history of recurring infection Patients with underlying conditions which may predispose them to infection Patients who have been exposed to TB Patients who have resided or travelled in regions where TB or mycoses, such as histoplasmosis, coccidioidomycosis, or blastomycosis, are endemic Patients should be monitored closely for signs and symptoms of infections including TB before, during and up to 5 months after treatment with CIMZIA. The possible development of TB in patients who tested negative for latent TB infection prior to initiating therapy should be considered. Before initiating therapy, all patients should be evaluated for both active or inactive (latent) TB infection. This should include: A detailed medical history A tuberculin skin test this should be recorded on the Patient Alert Card Chest X-ray this should be recorded on the Patient Alert Card Relevant immunological tests and/or polymerase chain reaction techniques to exclude TB infection If active tuberculosis is diagnosed prior or during treatment, CIMZIA therapy must not be initiated or must be discontinued. Patients should be instructed to seek medical advice if signs/symptoms suggestive of TB occur during or after therapy with CIMZIA. These include: Persistent cough Low grade fever Wasting/weight loss Listlessness Patients should be instructed to seek medical advice in the following circumstances: Family or other contact history of persons with TB Vaccination history for TB Positive PPD test Recent foreign travel CIMZIA should be discontinued if a patient develops a serious infection or sepsis. Patients who develop a new infection should undergo a prompt and complete diagnostic workup and appropriate antimicrobial therapy should be initiated. Patients with RA may not manifest typical symptoms of infection, including fever, due to their disease and concomitant medicinal products. Therefore, early detection of any infection, particularly atypical clinical presentations of a serious infection, is critical to minimise delays in diagnosis and initiation of treatment. Hepatitis B Reactivation TNF inhibitors, including CIMZIA have been associated with reactivation of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in patients who are chronic carriers. Some cases were fatal. Patients at risk for HBV infection should be evaluated for prior evidence of HBV infection before initiating CIMZIA. Exercise caution when prescribing CIMZIA for patients identified as carriers of HBV and monitor closely for active HBV infection during and following termination of therapy with CIMZIA. Discontinue CIMZIA in patients who develop HBV reactivation and initiate antiviral therapy with appropriate supportive treatment. Exercise caution when considering resumption of CIMZIA and monitor patients closely. Malignancies (Including Lymphoma and Leukaemia) The potential role of TNF antagonist therapy in the development of malignancies is not known. In clinical trials with CIMZIA and other TNF antagonists, more cases of lymphoma and other malignancies have been reported among patients receiving TNF antagonists than in control patients receiving placebo. Caution should be exercised when considering TNF antagonist therapy for patients with a history of malignancy or when considering continuing treatment in patients who develop malignancy. Furthermore, there is an increased background lymphoma risk in RA patients with long-standing, highly active, inflammatory disease, which complicates the risk estimation. With the current knowledge, a possible risk for the development of lymphomas or other malignancies in patients treated with a TNF antagonist cannot be excluded. Patients should be monitored for symptoms of lymphoma including: Swollen lymph nodes in the neck, underarms, groin, or other areas Excessive sweating, especially while sleeping at night Fever Severe itchiness Unintentional weight loss In an exploratory clinical trial evaluating the use of another TNF antagonist, infliximab, in patients with moderate to severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), more malignancies, mostly in the lung or head and neck, were reported in infliximab-treated patients compared with control patients. All patients had a history of heavy smoking. Therefore, caution should be exercised when using any TNF antagonist in COPD patients, as well as in patients with increased risk for malignancy due to heavy smoking. Congestive Heart Failure Worsening congestive heart failure (CHF) and increased mortality due to congestive heart failure have been observed with another TNF antagonist. Cases of CHF have also been reported with CIMZIA. Patients should be monitored for symptoms of CHF including: Cough Shortness of breath Swelling of feet and ankles Weight gain CIMZIA is contraindicated in patients with moderate to severe heart failure. CIMZIA should be used with caution in patients with mild heart failure. Treatment with CIMZIA must be discontinued in patients who develop new or worsening symptoms of CHF

7 Neurological Events TNF-blocking agents, including CIMZIA, have been associated with rare cases of new onset or exacerbation of demyelinating disease including multiple sclerosis. Exercise caution when considering CIMZIA for patients with these disorders. Patients should be monitored for symptoms of demyelinating disease, especially multiple sclerosis including: Dizziness Numbness or tingling Problems with vision Weakness in the arms and legs Haematological Reactions Reports of pancytopaenia, including aplastic anaemia, have been rare with TNF antagonists. Adverse reactions of the haematologic system, including medically significant cytopaenia (e.g. leukopaenia, pancytopaenia, thrombocytopaenia) have been reported with CIMZIA. All patients should be advised to seek immediate medical attention if they develop signs and symptoms suggestive of blood dyscrasias or infection while on CIMZIA including: Persistent fever Bruising Bleeding Pallor Discontinuation of CIMZIA therapy should be considered in patients with confirmed significant haematological abnormalities. Auto-immunity, Lupus, and Lupus-Like Illness Treatment with CIMZIA may result in the formation of autoantibodies and, uncommonly, in development of a lupus-like syndrome. The impact of long-term treatment with CIMZIA on the development of auto-immune diseases is unknown. Discontinue treatment if symptoms of lupus-like syndrome develop. Hypersensitivity Severe hypersensitivity reactions (including acute injection-related and delayed systemic hypersensitivity reactions) have been reported rarely following CIMZIA administration in trials. If severe reactions occur, administration of CIMZIA should be discontinued immediately and appropriate therapy instituted. Please refer to the Summary of Product Characteristics for a full list of Undesirable Effects and for further information about CIMZIA. REFERENCES: 1. Keystone E, van der Heijde D, Mason D Jr, et al. Certolizumab pegol plus methotrexate is significantly more effective than placebo plus methotrexate in active rheumatoid arthritis: findings of a fifty-two-week, phase III, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study. Arthritis Rheum. 2008;58: Smolen J, Landewé RB, Mease P, et al. Efficacy and safety of certolizumab pegol plus methotrexate in active rheumatoid arthritis: the RAPID 2 study. A randomised controlled trial. Ann Rheum Dis. 2009;68: OXO, Good Grips and the associated logos are registered trademarks of Helen of Troy Limited and are used under license. CIMZIA is a registered trademark of UCB PHARMA, S.A. or its affiliates UCB Pharma, S.A., Belgium. All rights reserved. CZP-PRM CIMZIA, in combination with methotrexate, is indicated for the treatment of moderate to severe, active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in adult patients when the response to disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), including methotrexate, has been inadequate. CIMZIA can be given as monotherapy in case of intolerance to methotrexate or when continued treatment with methotrexate is inappropriate. CIMZIA has been shown to reduce the rate of progression of joint damage as measured by X-ray and to improve physical function, when given in combination with methotrexate.