Emission reduction in Carugate

Transcription

1 Università degli Studi di Milano Bioccca Dipartimento di Scienze dell Ambiente e del Territorio Emission reduction in Carugate Trieste, October 20 th 2011 Valentina Castellani, Serenella Sala GRISS, Gruppo di Ricerca sullo Sviluppo Sostenibile Dipartimento di Scienze dell Ambiente e del Territorio Università degli Studi di Milano Bicocca

2 Baseline Emission Inventory (BEI) DIRECT EMISSIONS: generated by the municipality and accounted thorugh regional inventories based on Corinair method (e.g.: INEMAR, Inventario Emissioni Aria regionale della Regione Lombardia) + INDIRECT EMISSIONS: emissions dependent from the local consumtpion but generated in a wider area (e.g. electricity consumption and waste management) REDUCTION TARGETS

3 Emissions in Carugate and related reduction targets Objective: at least 20% reduction with reference to 2005 year Kt/CO 2 20% Local scale Direct emissions (regional 67,3 inventory based on Corinair) 13,47 National scale Indirect emissions from electricity consumption 39,8 7,96 23 Kt/CO2 Global scale Indirect emissions from waste 7,6 1, kton/co2

4 1 Baseline emission in the reference year (2005) Direct emission Indirect emission: electricity, food and waste Reduction amount(a) Local and national trends Scenario analysis Actions undertaken Reduction amount(b) Citizens EF 4 Stakeholders consultation Roundtable meetings Citizens survey Sustainability assessment Indicators of efficiency/efficacy for policies and interventions Sustainability technology assessment LCA based 3 Sustainable Energy Action Plan (SEAP) Sala, S, Castellani, V Small cities, big impacts? Methodology for holistic energy planning at local scale. Submitted

5 Research for a broader inventory of Carugate emissions GHG inventory that accounts for direct and indirect emissions due to: local energy consumption (step I/II) waste production and recycling (step III), water use and wastewater treatment (step I/III), food( step III).

6 Direct and indirect emissions in Carugate Direct-indirect emissions by sectors kt/yr CO 2eq 2003 IPPC (2006) kt/yr CO 2eq 2005 Process LCA-based Kt/year CO 2e 2005 EIO-LCA Italy average Kt/year CO 2e 2001 Trend CO 2 eq reduction (Kton) Direct emission total Indirect emission electricity Indirect emission waste Indirect emission wastewater Indirect emission food Indirect emissions- other OverallCO 2 emission

7 Direct emissions. Activity sector kt/yr CO 2 eq Road transport 30,62 Non industrial combustion 26,73 Industrial combustion 4,14 Extraction and delivery of fuels 3,56 Solvent use 1,22 Machinery 0,56 Agriculture 0,5 Industrial processes 0 Other sources 0 Waste treatment 0 TOTAL DIRECT EMISSIONS 67,3

8 Direct emissions Comparison [kt CO2eq] Agricoltura Altre sorgenti mobili e macchinari Combustione nell'industria Combustione non industriale Estrazione e distribuzione combustibili Trasporto su strada Uso di solventi

9 Direct emissions NON INDUSTRIAL COMBUSTION energy efficiency of buildings G 26% A 0% B 16% A B C D E Energy class of certified buildings ( ) F 8% E 8% C 32% F G Fonte dei dati: Comune di Carugate D 10% 9% 5% 5% Year of construction of residential buildings 11% 17% 15% 22% Prima del 1919 Dal 1919 al 1945 Dal 1946 al 1961 Dal 1962 al 1971 Dal 1972 al 1981 Dal 1982 al 1991 Dal 1992 al 2001 Dal 2001 al % Fonte dei dati: ISTAT

10 NON INDUSTRIAL COMBUSTION Heating appliances. Direct emissions Type of appliance kt/anno di CO 2 equivalenti Commercial boilers < 50 MW 3,55 Residential boilers < 50 MW 23,18 Turbines and industrial engines with internal combustion 4,14 Fonte dei dati: INEMAR Regione Lombardia Type of heating appliance Nr of appliances Single > 15 years 174 Centralized > 15 years 26 Type unknown > 15 years 93 Single 5-15 years 745 Centralized 5-15 years 23 Type unknown 5-15 years 118 Single < 5 years 480 icentralized < 5 years 8 Type unknown < 5 years 101 Totale impianti 1768 Fonte dei dati: CURIT Regione Lombardia

11 Emissioni dirette NON INDUSTRIAL COMBUSTION Energy audits in municipal buildings in 2009 Sede Municipale Sala Consiglio Primary energy needed Volume heated Primary energy [kwh/m3 year] [m3] [kwh/year] Fuel heating 14, , ,70 Natural gas Sanitary water 7, , ,68 Electricity heating 82,80 622, ,68 Natural gas Sanitary water 6,00 622, ,02 Electricity kwh t CO2eq/year Scuola Media C.Baroni combined 119, , ,49 Natural gas Scuola Elementare S.Caterina da heating 74, , ,50 Natural gas Electricity ,78 295,97 Siena Sanitary water 11, , ,78 Natural gas Scuola Materna Alberti combined 66, , ,50 Natural gas Scuola Materna Ginestrino heating 70, , ,37 Natural gas Sanitary water 5, , ,13 Natural gas Scuola Elementare Ginestrino combined 86, , ,78 Natural gas Centro aggregazione giovanile combined 251, , ,51 Natural gas Asilo nido Il Girotondo combined 158,40 473, ,98 Natural gas Atrion Natural gas , ,25 heating 41, , ,19 Natural gas Sanitary water 60, , ,09 Electricity TOTAL

12 Direct emissions ROAD TRANSPORT contribution to direct emission Veichles Roads kt/year CO 2 eq Tot kt/year CO 2 eq %. Cars Highways 5,82 Cars Non urban roads 8,6 19,62 64,0% Cars Urban roads 5,2 Motorbikes (< 50 cm 3 ) Urban roads 0,3 0,3 1,0% Motorbikes(> 50 cm 3 ) Highways 0,24 Motorbikes > 50 cm 3 ) Non urban roads 0,01 0,66 2,2% Motorbikes > 50 cm 3 ) Urban roads 0,41 Trucks < 3.5 t Highways 1,17 Trucks < 3.5 t Non urban roads 0,74 3,88 12,7% Trucks < 3.5 t Urban roads 1,97 Trucks > 3.5 t and buses Highways 2,33 Trucks > 3.5 t and buses Non urban roads 5,82 6,16 20,1% Trucks > 3.5 t and buses Urban roads 8,6 Fonte dei dati: INEMAR Regione Lombardia Euro 0 Euro 1 Euro 2 Euro 3 Euro 4 Euro 5 Non identificato TOTALE Fonte dei dati: ACI

13 Indirect emissions ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION emissions from industrial and domestic users Fonte dei dati: elaborazione GRISS emissioni ombra da consumi elettrici in kton CO 2 / anno Fonte dei dati: TERNA emissioni ombra da consumi elettrici Lineare (emissioni ombra da consumi elettrici )

14 Indirect emissions Electricity consumption Indirect emissions from water pumping Year Amount of water pumped in the grid (mc) Electricity consumption (kwh/year) CO 2 emitted (t/year)

15 Indirect emissions WASTE MANAGEMENT emissioni dovute alla produzione di rifiuti tonn/anno emissioni evitate tonn/anno 6.000, , , , , ,00 0, Fonte dei dati: elaborazione GRISS

16 Indirect emissions FOOD CONSUMPTION Food Consumption kg CO 2eq /Kg kg CO 2eq Bread and cereals 70 kg 0,84 59 Pasta and rice 63 kg 2,1 132 Meat (Beef) 20 kg 49, Meat (Pork) 24 kg 4, Meat (Chicken, turkey and rabbit) 19 kg 3,16 60 Fish 23 kg 4,23 97 Milk 83 kg 1,14 95 Cheese 33 kg 11,3 373 Eggs 7 kg 0,42 3 Olive oil 12 kg 3,63 44 Other oils and fats 12 kg 11,3 136 Fruits 175 kg 0,1 18 Vegetables 181 kg 1, Sugar, coffee and spices 50 kg 3, Wine 30 L 2,24 67 Beer and other 14 L 1,56 22 Bottled water 366 L 1, Data per capita per year TOT 3277

17 How to evaluate the contribution of each action? Some examples from the actions already undertaken in the period

18 Periodo Solar panels Anno di installazione Potenza installata (kwh) CO 2 risparmiata da potenza installata nell anno di riferimento (ton/anno) CO 2 risparmiata* (ton/anno) 38,34 72,36 58, ,25 93,02 11,12 20,98 16,88 55,68 8,19 26,98 11,12 32,10 48,98 104,66 112,85 139,83 * Cumulative value

19 Periodo PV panels Year of installation Power installed (kwp) 34 44,4 31,6 Energy produced (kwh/year) Emissions avoided (ton/year) ,9 25,3 18,5 * Cumulative value

20 Periodo Building restoration and substitution of boilers Co2 savings from building restoration 132 ton/year Sustitution of boilers and CO2 saving Year of installation Nr of boilers installed New buildings Boilers substituted ton/year

21 Emissions and uptake Emission inventory Daset of emissions Land use maps Land use areas Literature review about uptake factors Dataset of emission uptake capacity CO 2 budget Pennati S, Castellani V., Sala S., CO2 budget estimation and mapping at local scale. In: Sustainable Development and Planning IV. Eds :C.A. Brebbia, M. Neophytu, E. Beriatos, I. Ioannu, A.G. Kungolos,(Editors) Wit Press, p Volume Set, 2009.

22 CO 2 balance AGRATE BRIANZA AGRATE BRIANZA CAPONAGO CAPONAGO BRUGHERIO PESSANO CON BORNAG BUSSERO - BRUGHERIO PESSANO CON BORNAG BUSSERO CERNUSCO SUL NAVIGLIO CERNUSCO SUL NAVIGLIO 0 2 Kilometers Kilometers CO 2eq emitted: 115 kton/year CO 2eq uptake: kton/year

23 Thank you for your kind attention Valentina Castellani GRISS, Gruppo di Ricerca sullo Sviluppo Sostenibile Dipartimento di Scienze dell Ambiente e del Territorio Università degli Studi di Milano Bicocca