Biological Odour Control at Wastewater Treatment Facilities - the present and the future (let's forget the past) N.J.R.

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Biological Odour Control at Wastewater Treatment Facilities - the present and the future (let's forget the past) N.J.R."

Transcription

1 Biological Odour Control at Wastewater Treatment Facilities - the present and the future (let's forget the past) N.J.R. (Bart) Kraakman 1 1 Technical University Delft, The Netherlands 1 Bioway Technologies Australia Pty Ltd, Australia ( n.j.r.kraakman@tudelft.nl or b.kraakman@bioway.com) ABSTRACT Biological treatment to control odours at wastewater treatment facilities went through a mayor development step in the last 15 years. The development of more advanced biological systems to control odours at wastewater treatment facilities solved many design and operational stability limitations with conventional biofilter type systems. With the use of more reliable cost effective biological treatment methods combined with the use of more objective tools to quantify odours, odour emissions from wastewater facilities can now be controlled more simply and predictably. This paper discusses the developments, the advantages and limitations of biological odour treatment technology at wastewater collection and treatment facilities. INTRODUCTION Over recent years, much progress has been made in areas related to biological gas treatment such as microbiology, process modelling, reactor design and reactor-operation. As a result, more advanced biological gas treatment systems have been developed to solve problems of odorous or polluted air emissions for different industries of which many have been applied successfully in full scale. New bio-engineered systems have made it possible to extend the application field of biological waste gas treatment technology. Experiences with biological odour control at wastewater collection and wastewater treatment facilities ranging from hot climate condition like Australia and the Middle East to colder climate conditions like North Europe and Canada have led to improvements in especially efficiency and reliability. Besides better process control, higher degradation capacities also lower operational costs and smaller footprints are some of the advantages of the newer biological technologies for odour control in the water industry. This paper will outline the developments of biotechnology for the control of odour emissions at wastewater treatment facilities. The advantages and limitations of biological treatment to control odours at wastewater facilities are shown. Examples of full-scale operating experiences are given and issues related to design, implementation and operation are discussed. DEVELOPMENTS OVER THE YEARS Introduction Biological treatment to control odours at wastewater treatment facilities went recently through a mayor development step. In the early days, the design and operation of the most applied system, a biofilter, was done mainly by try and error. Over recent years, much progress has been made in many areas such as microbiology, process modelling, reactor design and reactoroperation (Kennes and Veiga 2001, Shareefdeen and Singh, 2005). The conventional biofilter has changed from being a black box into better defined biological systems with better control of the biological treatment process. Diversification of the technology Various reactor configurations have been developed for different applications. The biological techniques for wastegas treatment are traditionally classified as biofilters, biotrickling filters and bioscrubbers. In the wastewater industry, biotrickling filter type systems are now-adays the most common, but are often also referred to as bioscrubbers. But besides biotrickling filter and biofilters also injection of odorous air into the aeration tank of a wastewater treatment plant is used for treatment of low airflows with typically high strength odours. Conventional biofilters use many types of organic material as support for the micro-organisms and sometime the biofilter media is mixed with granular, inorganic materials (e.g., lava rocks, clay balls or perlite) to stabilize the structure and to prevent preferential air flows and to increase the life of the media. The conventional biofilters using organic or partly organic media are applied less frequently as they face important design limitations and operating stability problems. The odorous air from wastewater treatment systems usually contains hydrogen sulphide, which is oxidised to sulphuric acid in a biofilter system. Sulphuric acid accumulates in the conventional media types as it is difficult to wash with water, reducing the overall odour removal efficiencies over time. Also, the odorous air streams are nearly always not completely saturated with water, which leads to partial drying out of the media,

2 especially in the inlet, (usually bottom), part of the biofilter. Moisture conditions are very critical in a biofilter and a drop in moisture as result of uneven irrigation or inaccurate humidification will result in a reduction in the so called water activity of the media reducing the overall efficiency. Too much irrigation can also result in premature media decomposition, anaerobic zones, preferential airflow distribution and an increased pressure drop. The design and operational stability limitations of conventional biofilters including the requirement of media replacement are solved with the development of more advanced biological air treatment systems. In the more advanced biological odour treatment reactors the media change-out or cleaning is less or no longer required, since inert preferable structured material as support media for the micro-organisms is used. Bu also the control of important conditions for the biological process is improved. Although the more advanced systems require usually higher investment cost, the operational costs are greatly reduced, since up to 40% of the operational cost of a conventional biological system is typically related to the media change-out. Also pressure drop is usual lower but especially more stable over time resulting in reduced energy consumption for the fans. The probably most important development is that the more advanced biological system are more operator friendly as the operation is more predictable and the controls are simplified. Equipment should preferably be simple and reliable to operate. Robustness is essential for any technology when applied, but is especially important for biotechnology. The microbiological community in a biological treatment system will face fluctuations related to the process upstream as a result of continuous or discontinuous production, irregularly unplanned shut downs, planned maintenance shut-downs and diurnal fluctuations. There may also be fluctuations related to the operation of the system, for example, associated with loss of control of power, water or nutrient supply. Quantification of the robustness of a biological air purification system has helped designers and operators. Robustness can be defined to reflect the ability of the biological system to deal with fluctuations and operational upsets and examples are given elsewhere (Kraakman, 2004 and 2005). Microbial responses to stress conditions are important to quantify. Biological air treatment systems using mixed microbial cultures as inoculum are selfoptimising with species becoming dominant that are most competitive under the environmental conditions in the system. Unfortunately this selfoptimising adaptation process seems to be relatively slow and is likely to take months or longer. On the other hand, many full-scale applications and labscale tests showed that a biological system can deal with spikes. Experiences show that a biological system can handle very well the diurnal occurring peaks typical for odour emissions from wastewater processes. When temporary reduced removal efficiencies of the odour control system are noticed, it s often the first day after many days of wet weather when the relatively low concentrations reduce the (enzyme) activity of the microorganisms over a couple of days. Recovery to full activity is fast and is normally a matter of minutes to hours rather than hours to days. Quantifying the robustness and understanding the risks has helped designer to implement measures like duty/standby equipment items and back-up water supply systems with nutrient dosing if necessary to reduce the risks and obtain an odour treatment system that is predictable in operational costs and friendly in operation. Biological wastegas treatment is nowadays especially applied to control odours at wastewater treatment facilities or composting and rendering facilities, but has been applied more and more at other industries like the food industry, pulp and paper industry, the chemical industry. Figure 1: An example of a conventional open bed biofilter during smoke testing visualising air distribution quality. Figure 2: An example of an enclosed conventional biofilter showing the low profile to minimize the overall pressure drop (energy consumption).

3 IMPROVEMENTS IN DESIGN AND OPERATION Introduction Biological gas treatment systems convert pollutants from the air into water, carbon dioxide and salts. Micro-organisms, primarily bacteria, are the catalyst of this process. The inlet odorous airstream provides an ongoing source for oxygen and energy (the odorous compounds) for the biological process. The overall process in a biological gas treatment system can be usually divided in two phases: the mass transfer of the pollutants from the gas phase to the microorganisms, and the biological degradation of the pollutants. The combination of different physical, chemical and biological mechanisms results in a relatively complex system. Fundamental parameters including mass transfer, absorption of the different pollutants and degradation kinetics in the biofilm, as well as airflow and water distribution are often difficult to quantify. Much progress has been made in understanding the fundamental aspects, which are necessary for design, implementation and operations. Still much of the current design work, on both sizing and operations, is based on empirical experience. Models have been greatly improved but are still not always applicable, especially for the treatment of compound mixtures and varying concentrations. Table 1 shows a summary of important improvements that have been made on biological odour control technology over the last 15 years. All these improvements resulted in systems which are now more reliable and simpler to operate and require less costs to operate. Below are discussed some individual aspects of biological treatment technology that are critical for the treatment of odorous gases at waste water collection systems and waste water treatment plants. Moisture control The lack of a mobile water phase in a conventional biofilter makes the control of conditions important for microbial activity, such as water activity, ph, salt content and nutrient concentration more difficult. The more advanced biological odour control systems do have a mobile water phase, which is used to directly measure and control the biological process. The most important process parameter for biological process in a biological odour treatment system at a wastewater treatment facility is the moisture content. An optima wet environment for the bacteria is essential and often underestimated during design and operations. Moisture conditions are very critical in a biofilter and a drop in moisture as result of uneven irrigation or inaccurate (pre-)humidification will directly result in a reduction in the so called water activity of the media reducing the overall efficiency within minutes. At least 50%, but probably close to 75% of the problems with conventional biofilters are related to a poor control of the water content in the biofiler media. Nutrients Other important process conditions include ph, nutrients, saltcontent and temperature, which the optimum value differ for the many microorganisms that are required for complete treatment of the gas. Usually secondary effluent water from a wastewater treatment plant is used, because it contains all the essential nutrients and trace elements necessary for the biological conversions. Secondary effluent water from wastewater treatment can be used most of the times as long as the COD content and total suspended solids are not too high (approximately less than respectively 100mg/l and 30 mg/l). With more stringent water effluent requirements from a wastewater treatment facility, more advanced wastewater treatment steps are used (e.g. Membrane BioReactors). It that case, the level of especially nitrogen and phoshate can become too low and additional nutrient dosing might be required. Temperature Experiences with biological odour control at wastewater facilities ranging from hot climate condition like Australia and the Middle East to colder climate conditions like North Europe and Canada have all led to increases in both efficiency and reliability in relation to temperature. Temperature is an important process parameter for the biological conversion, which a general rule of dumb that between 5 and 45 degrees Celsius for every 10 degrees the biological activity is increased by a factor two. The overall increase in efficiency in a biofilter system is not always increased by a factor two as overall process in a biological gas treatment system can be divided in two phases: the mass transfer of the pollutants from the foul air to the micro-organisms, and the biological degradation of the pollutants. Biology activity is in general increased by an increase in temperature, but the mass-transfer can be reduced by an increase in temperature as the Henry-coefficient changes. Some research (not published) has shown that at low concentrations and mass-transfer limiting conditions a decrease in temperature actually increased the overall removal efficiency of the biological gas treatment. Temperature is an important factor for the design (size) of a system, but less of important for the operations of a biological odour treatment system. But at extreme temperature like in the Middle East, a biological system is more sensitive to suboptimal moisture control as evaporation rate are much higher. Multiple compounds Odorous air streams from wastewater processes

4 contain a mixture of many compounds. These various compounds usually have very different chemical properties as can be seen from, for example, their water solubility and their biodegradability. To degrade all odorous compounds an optimal mix of microorganisms is required. Micro-organisms differ from each other in their capacities to obtain their energy, carbon and nutrients. Micro-organisms also differ in their ability to form a good biofilm structure, their growth-rate, their affinity for compounds, their degradation capacity, and their nutrient requirements. Unfortunately the optimal environmental conditions for the micro-organisms also differ. Therefore due to the many different compounds in the air stream, a mix of microorganisms is required and different environmental conditions are preferred in the biological odour treatment system. When an air stream contains multiple compounds, it can be expected that the removal of many of the compounds is affected by the presence of other compounds. In the situation that a bioreactor system is removing two or more compounds, the metabolic activity in a micro-organism may involve the mechanism of induction, inhibition and sometimes co-metabolism. Induction refers here to the process that initiates the production of enzymes that catalyse the biodegradation in the cell. Inhibition involves the toxicity effect of certain compounds on the metabolic activity of the microorganisms and co-metabolism is the (partial) conversion of certain compounds by enzymes that are induced by other compounds. The mechanism for micro-organisms to ensure that the organism uses the more readily catabolisable carbon and energy source is called catabolite repression. One consequence of catabolite repression can be that if more compounds are present at the same time, the metabolism of a certain compound is resumed only after another compound causing catabolite repression is removed first (socalled diauxic growth). Therefore it is often a necessity in a biological system that certain compounds are removed first, before other compounds can be removed. Biological odour treatment reactor at wastewater collection and wastewater treatment plants often deal with many odorous compounds, among them mixtures of volatile reduced sulphur compounds, like H2S and mercaptans, which are important because of their very low odour threshold. Although different micro-organisms are known for the degradation of volatile reduced sulphur compounds, the treatment of an air stream containing mixtures of reduced sulphur compounds remains challenging for two main reasons. Firstly, the energy yielding process of H 2 S oxidation is higher and thus preferred over the oxidation of other reduced sulphur compounds. Secondly, the degradation of many of these sulphur compounds is only possible with high efficiencies at neutral ph, while a degradation product from sulphur compounds is sulphuric acid which reduces the ph. Different types of organisms require different environmental conditions including the absence of easily degradable compounds and are, therefore, preferably separated in different layers of the reactor. Multi-stage biological odour treatment systems have therefore important advantages over single stage systems. Instead of applying multi-stage biological treatment, polishing with, for example, activated carbon is now often applied to obtain low outlet odour concentrations. This is normally not necessary when the biological odour treatment system is designed well and multi-stage systems are used. The elimination of activated carbon polishing reduces complexity and the risk of higher and unpredictable operating costs involved with the change-out and the disposal of the activated carbon and thereby improving overall sustainability of the odour control system. Reactor and media configuration The reactor size and shape and the configuration of the internal carrier (media) for the microorganisms directly influences the removal capacity of the biological system and will impact important design parameters such as mass-transfer rate, bacterial degradation capacity, water holding capacity and pressure loss. Often underestimated is the influence of the reactor and media configuration on the air flow characteristics through the biological gas treatment system. When high removal efficiencies are required (>99%), all the air has to be treated effectively. In order to treat the air effectively, all the air needs to be in contact with the micro-organisms for a minimum period of time to exchange the compounds to the micro-organisms. An optimum air distribution in the reactor is required and preferably moves the air through the reactor as a plug-flow. Preferential air streams or partial bypasses of the air should be avoided at all times. In present theoretical models describing the degradation of gas components in biological filters, air flow is described as a plug-flow, but this theory is oversimplified (Prenafeta-Boldu et at., 2008). The air flow behaviour has considerable effect on the maximum achievable outlet concentrations and thus overall cleaning efficiency. A reactor with one layer of randomly packed media is likely to be subject to sub-optimal air distribution through the media especially after a period of operating time. Instead of randomly packed media, structured media can prevent this as structured media makes the operation more determined by design rather than chance. The media used should be preferably inert and not subject to blocking, fouling, erosion or corrosion causing, for example, shrinking of the media or

5 preferential airflows through the media. The method by which water is added to the reactor is also very important as water not only prevents the biofilm layer in the biological system from drying out, but also serves as a supplier of nutrients for the micro-organisms in addition to removing the degradation product, often sulphuric acid. Water can be recirculated over the media or can be added to the top of the media and then, after passing once-through the media, be directly removed from the bottom of the system. Minimising water use in the reactor can have benefits. First, a thinner water film can be maintained on the biofilm layer, which is often preferred to minimise the resistance for mass transfer of the pollutants from the gas phase to the micro-organisms. Secondly the thinner water film on the media results in a larger void volume in the media. A larger void volume is better as the pollutant airstream will be in contact with the biofilm longer, resulting in a longer so-called actual residence time. The actual gas residence time is a better design parameter than the often used theoretical empty bed gas residence time (Theoretical EBRT) as it represents the real time in seconds that the air is in contact with the biology. Theoretical EBRT = media volume (m3) / air flow (m3 sec-1) (sec) Actual RT = media volume (m3) x void fraction (%) / airflow (m3 sec-1) (sec) Start-up The disadvantage of using synthetic media is that the start-up time might be longer than the conventional biofilters using organic media types, which already contains micro-organisms. Start-up times can vary from a couple of weeks to a couple of months to obtain optimal and stable performance. Addition of activated sludge and/or pre-grown micro-organisms is frequently applied to overcome long start-up times. CHALLENGES FOR FUTURE DEVELOPMENT Biological gas treatment technology has been demonstrated and accepted by regulators and managers in the water industry as cost-effective and reliable, when designed and operated properly. Especially biotrickling and bioscrubber reactors have extended this field of biological gas treatment over the last years. Further improvements of biological air treatment technology can be explored by improving the current state-of-the-art technology. Development should be focussed on issues like: poor water-soluble compounds; larger pollutant loadings; further improve the robustness (predictability to process upsets). To increase performance, the rate-limiting step could be defined better for different waste gas streams; normally the biological degradation rate or the mass transfer rate. When mass transfer is limiting, simpler tools still need to be developed to determine what exactly is limiting (oxygen, pollutant or accumulated degradation intermediates or products) and where exactly limitation occurs (waterfilm, biofilm and inhomogeneous air distribution). Flow characterization in a biotrickling or bioscrubber reactor is important since gas flow, liquid flow and gas velocity have an important impact on process parameters like mean gas residence time, gas dispersion in the reactor and pressure drop over the system. These parameters are important to scale up and to operate a reactor at optimum are will be to be developed to a greater extent. Models, although improved, still fail to predict short time operation robustness and long-term performance. Further research is required to transform the technology of biofiltration from an empirical practice to a more theoretical base technology. CONCLUSION Figure 3: An example of a multi-stage biological odour treatment system requiring less operating costs as a result of reduced pressure drop and the absence of media replacement. The wastewater industry prefers odour control methods that are relatively maintenance free, easy to operate and sustainable (low energy input, chemical free, predictable low operational costs). Biological treatment to control odours at wastewater treatment facilities went through a mayor development step in the last 15 years. The development of more advanced biological systems to control odours at wastewater treatment facilities solved many design and operational stability limitations with conventional biofilter type systems. In the more advanced biological odour treatment systems the media change-out or cleaning is no longer required and the reliability greatly improved. With the use of

6 more reliable cost effective biological treatment methods combined with the use of more objective tools to quantify odours, odour emissions from wastewater facilities can now be controlled more simply and predictably. REFERENCES Kennes, C. and Veiga., M.C Bioreactors for waste gas treatment. Kluwer Acadamic Publicers, dordrecht, The Netherlands. Kraakman, N.J.R H2S and Odor Control at Wastewater Collection Systems: An On-site Study on the Robustness of a Biological Treatment. Poster presented at the 2004 USC-CSC-TRG Conference on Biofiltration, Santa Monica, USA, October 20-22, Kraakman, N.J.R Biotrickling and bioscrubbers applications to control odor and air pollutants: developments, implementation issues and case studies. Biotechnology for Odour and Air Pollution Control. Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, Germany. Edited by Shareefdeen, Z. and Singh, A. : Prenafeta-Boldu, F., Illa, J., van Groenestijn, J.W., Flotats, X Influece of synthetic packing materials on the gas dispersion and biodegradation kinetics in fungal air biofilters. Appl. Microbial Biotechnol, 7: Shareefdeen, Z. and Singh, A Biotechnology for odour and air pollution control, Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, Germany. Table 1: Improvements of biological odour control system at wastewater facilities over the last 15 years. Improvements Benefits the introduction of a mobile water phase the use of synthetic support improved water and air distribution phase separation of gas transport and biological activity multi-layer approach A better control of important microbial parameters. A larger void volume (smaller reactor systems), more stable long term operation (less or no media change-out), lower pressure drop (less energy required). A smaller reactor systems and lower outlet concentrations. A lower pressure drop (lower energy required) and/or taller reactor systems (smaller footprint with improved dispersion). A better use of biological capacities and lower outlet odour concentrations.

GUIDELINES FOR LEACHATE CONTROL

GUIDELINES FOR LEACHATE CONTROL GUIDELINES FOR LEACHATE CONTROL The term leachate refers to liquids that migrate from the waste carrying dissolved or suspended contaminants. Leachate results from precipitation entering the landfill and

More information

Bioremediation. Introduction

Bioremediation. Introduction Bioremediation Introduction In the twentieth century, the ever increase in the global human population and industrialization led to the exploitation of natural resources. The increased usage of heavy metals

More information

SYNERGISTIC APPLICATION OF ADVANCED PRIMARY AND SECONDARY WASTEWATER TREATMENT SYSTEMS

SYNERGISTIC APPLICATION OF ADVANCED PRIMARY AND SECONDARY WASTEWATER TREATMENT SYSTEMS SYNERGISTIC APPLICATION OF ADVANCED PRIMARY AND SECONDARY WASTEWATER TREATMENT SYSTEMS Published in Water and Waste Digest membrane issue, November 2008 Miroslav Colic; Chief Scientist, Clean Water Technology

More information

Wastewater Nutrient Removal

Wastewater Nutrient Removal Wastewater Nutrient Removal An overview of phosphorus and nitrogen removal strategies Presented by: William E. Brown, P.E. Peter C. Atherton, P.E. Why are nutrients an issue in the environment? Stimulates

More information

Experts Review of Aerobic Treatment Unit Operation and Maintenance. Bruce Lesikar Texas AgriLife Extension Service

Experts Review of Aerobic Treatment Unit Operation and Maintenance. Bruce Lesikar Texas AgriLife Extension Service Experts Review of Aerobic Treatment Unit Operation and Maintenance Bruce Lesikar Texas AgriLife Extension Service Overview Overview of Aerobic Treatment Units Installing for accessibility to system components

More information

CHAPTER 7: REMEDIATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR CONTAMINATED GROUNDWATER

CHAPTER 7: REMEDIATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR CONTAMINATED GROUNDWATER CHAPTER 7: REMEDIATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR CONTAMINATED GROUNDWATER There are a number of technologies that are being use to remediate contaminated groundwater. The choice of a certain remediation technology

More information

A NOVEL ION-EXCHANGE/ELECTROCHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY FOR THE TREATMENT OF AMMONIA IN WASTEWATER

A NOVEL ION-EXCHANGE/ELECTROCHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY FOR THE TREATMENT OF AMMONIA IN WASTEWATER A NOVEL ION-EXCHANGE/ELECTROCHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY FOR THE TREATMENT OF AMMONIA IN WASTEWATER ABSTRACT Leonard P. Seed, M.Sc., P.Eng., Enpar Technologies Inc. * Daren D. Yetman, A.Sc.T., Enpar Technologies

More information

THE NWF WATER PURIFICATION PROCESS FRESH WATER IN A NATURAL WAY. Esko Meloni Ferroplan Oy

THE NWF WATER PURIFICATION PROCESS FRESH WATER IN A NATURAL WAY. Esko Meloni Ferroplan Oy THE NWF WATER PURIFICATION PROCESS FRESH WATER IN A NATURAL WAY Esko Meloni Ferroplan Oy 1 The NWF Water Purification Process: list of contents 1. NWF biological purification of groundwater Iron and manganese

More information

CHAPTER 8 UPGRADING EXISTING TREATMENT FACILITIES

CHAPTER 8 UPGRADING EXISTING TREATMENT FACILITIES CHAPTER 8 UPGRADING EXISTING TREATMENT FACILITIES 8-1. General. Upgrading of wastewater treatment plants may be required to handle increased hydraulic and organic loadings to meet existing effluent quality

More information

IMPACT OF CHEMICALS ADDITION IN WATER/WASTEWATER TREATMENT ON TDS CONCENTRATION AND SLUDGE GENERATION Jurek Patoczka, PhD, PE Hatch Mott MacDonald 27 Bleeker Str., Millburn, NJ 07041 (973) 912 2541 jurek.patoczka@hatchmott.com

More information

Bioremediation of Petroleum Contamination. Augustine Ifelebuegu GE413

Bioremediation of Petroleum Contamination. Augustine Ifelebuegu GE413 Bioremediation of Petroleum Contamination Augustine Ifelebuegu GE413 Bioremediation Bioremediation is the use of living microorganisms to degrade environmental contaminants in the soil and groundwater

More information

WSAA Infrastructure News

WSAA Infrastructure News WSAA Infrastructure News Including: Materials, Standards, WSAA Codes, Quality, Appraisals, Meters, Valves and other interest items Issue No. 8 Website: www.wsaa.asn.au 15 June 2003 Inside this issue: Page

More information

WASTEWATER TREATMENT OBJECTIVES

WASTEWATER TREATMENT OBJECTIVES WASTEWATER TREATMENT OBJECTIVES The student will do the following: 1. Define wastewater and list components of wastewater. 2. Describe the function of a wastewater treatment plant. 3. Create a wastewater

More information

Bioremediation of contaminated soil. Dr. Piyapawn Somsamak Department of Environmental Science Kasetsart University

Bioremediation of contaminated soil. Dr. Piyapawn Somsamak Department of Environmental Science Kasetsart University Bioremediation of contaminated soil Dr. Piyapawn Somsamak Department of Environmental Science Kasetsart University Outline Process description In situ vs ex situ bioremediation Intrinsic biodegradation

More information

Oasis Clearwater ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS WASTEWATER TREATMENT ENGINEERS

Oasis Clearwater ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS WASTEWATER TREATMENT ENGINEERS Oasis Clearwater ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS WASTEWATER TREATMENT ENGINEERS The evolution continues in decentralised wastewater technology... The Process Decentralised wastewater treatment systems are defined

More information

Development of Advanced Wastewater Treatment and Reclamation System

Development of Advanced Wastewater Treatment and Reclamation System 14 Development of Advanced Wastewater Treatment and Reclamation System TAKESHI TERAZAKI *1 HOZUMI OTOZAI *2 KOSUKE SHIGIISHI *2 HIDEO SUZUKI *3 HIROSHI NAKASHOJI *4 HIROYUKI KAWAMOTO *5 Recycling and the

More information

Nutrient Removal at Wastewater Treatment Facilities. Nitrogen and Phosphorus. Gary M. Grey HydroQual, Inc. ggrey@hydroqual.com 201 529 5151 X 7167

Nutrient Removal at Wastewater Treatment Facilities. Nitrogen and Phosphorus. Gary M. Grey HydroQual, Inc. ggrey@hydroqual.com 201 529 5151 X 7167 Nutrient Removal at Wastewater Treatment Facilities Nitrogen and Phosphorus Gary M. Grey HydroQual, Inc. ggrey@hydroqual.com 201 529 5151 X 7167 1 Agenda Nitrification and Denitrification Fundamentals

More information

MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGY TREATING OILY WASTEWATER FOR REUSE

MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGY TREATING OILY WASTEWATER FOR REUSE MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGY TREATING OILY WASTEWATER FOR REUSE Jeff Peeters, P.Eng. ZENON Environmental Inc. SAWEA 2005 Workshop Al-Khobar Holiday Inn Hotel, Saudi Arabia November 29, 2005 Presentation outline

More information

Natural and Advanced Treatment Systems for Wastewater Management at Municipal Solid Waste Disposal Site in Developing Countries

Natural and Advanced Treatment Systems for Wastewater Management at Municipal Solid Waste Disposal Site in Developing Countries Natural and Advanced Treatment Systems for Wastewater Management at Municipal Solid Waste Disposal Site in Developing Countries C. Chiemchaisri Department of Environmental Engineering, Kasetsart University

More information

Sewage and Wastewater Odor Control Dr. Giancarlo Riva, Ozono Elettronica Internazionale, Muggio, Italy

Sewage and Wastewater Odor Control Dr. Giancarlo Riva, Ozono Elettronica Internazionale, Muggio, Italy Introduction Sewage and Wastewater Odor Control Dr. Giancarlo Riva, Ozono Elettronica Internazionale, Muggio, Italy Sewage and industrial plants located near residential areas can be subject to political

More information

PROPAK AquaBio Complete Water Restoration Systems

PROPAK AquaBio Complete Water Restoration Systems PROPAK AquaBio Complete Water Restoration Systems Conserving natural resources and lowering operating expenses is no longer an option, it is a necessity. Water, sewer and discharge fees are continuing

More information

Sewerage Management System for Reduction of River Pollution

Sewerage Management System for Reduction of River Pollution Sewerage Management System for Reduction of River Pollution Peter Hartwig Germany Content page: 1 Introduction 1 2 Total emissions 3 3 Discharge from the wastewater treatment plants 4 4 Discharge from

More information

A HOMEOWNERS GUIDE ON-SITE SEWAGE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS

A HOMEOWNERS GUIDE ON-SITE SEWAGE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS GEORGIA DEPARTMENT OF HUMAN RESOURCES ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SECTION A HOMEOWNERS GUIDE TO ON-SITE SEWAGE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS March 12, 2002 WHAT IS AN ON-SITE SEWAGE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM An on-site sewage management

More information

Bioremediation. Biodegradation

Bioremediation. Biodegradation Bioremediation A technology that encourages growth and reproduction of indigenous microorganisms (bacteria and fungi) to enhance biodegradation of organic constituents in the saturated zone Can effectively

More information

Introduction to Waste Treatment Technologies. Contents. Household waste

Introduction to Waste Treatment Technologies. Contents. Household waste Contents Introduction to waste treatment technologies 3 Section 1: The treatment of recyclable waste 4 Bulking facilities 5 Materials Reclamation Facility (MRF) 6 Reuse and recycling centres 8 Composting

More information

Brewery Wastewater: 2010 Water and Wastewater Conference. 11.02.2011 Page 1

Brewery Wastewater: 2010 Water and Wastewater Conference. 11.02.2011 Page 1 Brewery Wastewater: Solutions for the Problem By Fred M. Scheer 2010 Water and Wastewater Conference Madison, WI 11.02.2011 Page 1 vr74 What We Will Discuss: Biochemical i Oxygen Demand (BOD): Where does

More information

Appendix F Use of spill basin to further reduce final effluent variability - report

Appendix F Use of spill basin to further reduce final effluent variability - report Appendix F Use of spill basin to further reduce final effluent variability - report yry (November 2008) Use of the emergency basin to further reduce the variability of final effluent quality. Report prepared

More information

Phosphorus Removal in Wastewater Treatment

Phosphorus Removal in Wastewater Treatment RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT REPORT NO. Phosphorus Removal in Wastewater Treatment (Final Report) Research and Development Section Electrical & Mechanical Projects Division Nov 2013 Final Report endorsed by

More information

Septic System Care & Maintenance

Septic System Care & Maintenance Septic System Care & Maintenance A User s Guide for Home/Cottage Owners Spring 2003 Preventing Septic Failure & Malfunction How many of us know how our septic system works, or think we know? We expect

More information

OPTIMIZING BIOLOGICAL PHOSPHORUS REMOVAL FROM AN SBR SYSTEM MIDDLEBURY, VT. Paul Klebs, Senior Applications Engineer Aqua-Aerobic Systems, Inc.

OPTIMIZING BIOLOGICAL PHOSPHORUS REMOVAL FROM AN SBR SYSTEM MIDDLEBURY, VT. Paul Klebs, Senior Applications Engineer Aqua-Aerobic Systems, Inc. OPTIMIZING BIOLOGICAL PHOSPHORUS REMOVAL FROM AN SBR SYSTEM ABSTRACT MIDDLEBURY, VT Paul Klebs, Senior Applications Engineer Aqua-Aerobic Systems, Inc. The Middlebury Wastwater Treatment Plant, located

More information

HUBER Vacuum Rotation Membrane VRM Bioreactor

HUBER Vacuum Rotation Membrane VRM Bioreactor HUBER Vacuum Rotation Membrane VRM Bioreactor VRM The rotating plate membrane for clean water applications. The future-oriented solution designed for the ever increasing requirements in wastewater treatment

More information

7/99 Technical Support Document for the Evaluation of Aerobic Biological Treatment Units with Multiple Mixing Zones

7/99 Technical Support Document for the Evaluation of Aerobic Biological Treatment Units with Multiple Mixing Zones 7/99 Technical Support Document for the Evaluation of Aerobic Biological Treatment Units with Multiple Mixing Zones I. OVERVIEW AND PURPOSE This document is intended to provide information to assist anyone

More information

Bioremediation of Petroleum Hydrocarbons and Chlorinated Volatile Organic Compounds with Oxygen and Propane Gas infusion

Bioremediation of Petroleum Hydrocarbons and Chlorinated Volatile Organic Compounds with Oxygen and Propane Gas infusion Bioremediation of Petroleum Hydrocarbons and Chlorinated Volatile Organic Compounds with Oxygen and Propane Gas infusion Walter S. Mulica Global Technologies Fort Collins, CO Co-Authors Mike Lesakowski

More information

A discussion of condensate removal systems for clarifier and thickener drives for water and wastewater facilities.

A discussion of condensate removal systems for clarifier and thickener drives for water and wastewater facilities. A discussion of condensate removal systems for clarifier and thickener drives for water and wastewater facilities. Richard L. Dornfeld, BSME, P.E. Staff Engineer September 25, 2014 Moisture can be a problem

More information

SIX REASONS TO DRY BIOGAS To A LOW DEWPOINT BEFORE COMBUSTION IN A CHP ENGINE STEVEN SCOTT MARKET DEVELOPMENT MANAGER ALTERNATIVE ENERGIES

SIX REASONS TO DRY BIOGAS To A LOW DEWPOINT BEFORE COMBUSTION IN A CHP ENGINE STEVEN SCOTT MARKET DEVELOPMENT MANAGER ALTERNATIVE ENERGIES SIX REASONS TO DRY BIOGAS To A LOW DEWPOINT BEFORE COMBUSTION IN A CHP ENGINE STEVEN SCOTT MARKET DEVELOPMENT MANAGER ALTERNATIVE ENERGIES Filippo Turra Product Manager Cooling Technology INTRODUCTION

More information

WASTE WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM (OPERATING MANUALS )

WASTE WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM (OPERATING MANUALS ) Page 1 of 76 1.0 PURPOSE The purpose of the Wastewater Treatment System is to remove contaminates from plant wastewater so that it may be sent to the Final Plant Effluent Tank and eventually discharged

More information

Rehabilitation of Wastewater Treatment Plant of Sakhnin City in Israel by Using Advanced Technologies

Rehabilitation of Wastewater Treatment Plant of Sakhnin City in Israel by Using Advanced Technologies Rehabilitation of Wastewater Treatment Plant of Sakhnin City in Israel by Using Advanced Technologies Yasar Avsar 1, Hussein Tarabeah 2, Shlomo Kimchie 3, Izzet Ozturk 4, Hadi Naamneh 2 1 Yildiz Technical

More information

1.85 WATER AND WASTEWATER TREATMENT ENGINEERING FINAL EXAM DECEMBER 20, 2005

1.85 WATER AND WASTEWATER TREATMENT ENGINEERING FINAL EXAM DECEMBER 20, 2005 1.85 WATER AND WASTEWATER TREATMENT ENGINEERING FINAL EXAM DECEMBER 20, 2005 This is an open-book exam. You are free to use your textbook, lecture notes, homework, and other sources other than the internet.

More information

ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES IN THE RENDERING INDUSTRY. Gregory L. Sindt, P.E. Environmental Engineer Bolton and Menk, Inc.

ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES IN THE RENDERING INDUSTRY. Gregory L. Sindt, P.E. Environmental Engineer Bolton and Menk, Inc. Summary ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES IN THE RENDERING INDUSTRY Gregory L. Sindt, P.E. Environmental Engineer Bolton and Menk, Inc. The rendering industry has a significant positive impact on environmental quality.

More information

Anaerobic Digestion: Biology and Benefits

Anaerobic Digestion: Biology and Benefits In: Dairy Manure Management: Treatment, Handling, and Community Relations. NRAES-176, p.63-72. Natural Resource, Agriculture, and Engineering Service, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 2005. Anaerobic Digestion:

More information

TABLET DETERGENTS Towards A More Sustainable Future

TABLET DETERGENTS Towards A More Sustainable Future TABLET DETERGENTS Towards A More Sustainable Future Unilever Supports Sustainable Development of Detergents with Tablets THE CONTRIBUTION OF TABLETS Unilever is committed to meeting the needs of customers

More information

Ecological Aspects of Oil Shale Processing

Ecological Aspects of Oil Shale Processing Abstract Ecological Aspects of Oil Shale Processing Y. Zhirjakov, Institute of Oil Shale Research Tallinn Technical University Tallinn, Estonia 26 th Oil Shale Symposium Oil shale belongs to lean and environmentally

More information

Facility Classification Standards

Facility Classification Standards Facility Classification Standards Approval Date: April 3, 2009 Effective Date: April 3, 2009 Approved By: Nancy Vanstone, Deputy Minister Version Control: Replaces Facility Classification Standards dated

More information

Phosphorus Removal. Wastewater Treatment

Phosphorus Removal. Wastewater Treatment Phosphorus Removal In Wastewater Treatment by Derek Shires (512) 940-2393 Derek.Shires@ett-inc.com Why do we care? Eutrophication of surface water - Especially reservoirs Maximum agronomic uptake - Limiting

More information

Looking after your Septic Tank System

Looking after your Septic Tank System Looking after your Septic Tank System Name: Bought to you by Address: File this in your property file. 0800 TO FLUSH Call 0800 TO FLUSH 1 What do you know about your septic tank system? Just like your

More information

Water Purification Treatment. General Information. Water Purification Treatment Business of the Teijin Group. Water. Purification Treatment

Water Purification Treatment. General Information. Water Purification Treatment Business of the Teijin Group. Water. Purification Treatment Business of the Teijin Group General Information Teijin's Technologies and Their Features Core Technologies Environmentally Friendly Biological Technologies Greater Potential for Reuse Advanced Technologies

More information

THE USE OF OZONE IN COOLING TOWERS

THE USE OF OZONE IN COOLING TOWERS THE USE OF OZONE IN COOLING TOWERS Paul D. McNicholas Ozonia Ltd Duebendorf, Switzerland Abstract Ozone has been successfully applied to industrial cooling water systems with the resultant improvement

More information

ALL YOU NEED TO KNOW...

ALL YOU NEED TO KNOW... ALL YOU NEED TO KNOW... What do you know about your septic tank system? For the purposes of this booklet, a septic tank system refers to any kind of on-site sewage management system including traditional

More information

The Use of Bioaugmentation and ATPbased Monitoring for Bioactivity and Stress to Improve Performance at a Refinery WWTP

The Use of Bioaugmentation and ATPbased Monitoring for Bioactivity and Stress to Improve Performance at a Refinery WWTP Technical Paper The Use of Bioaugmentation and ATPbased Monitoring for Bioactivity and Stress to Improve Performance at a Refinery WWTP Authors: Peter E. Norman and Walter W. Tramble, GE Power & Water

More information

Assignment 8: Comparison of gasification, pyrolysis and combustion

Assignment 8: Comparison of gasification, pyrolysis and combustion AALTO UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY KE-40.4120 Introduction to biorefineries and biofuels Assignment 8: Comparison of gasification, pyrolysis and combustion Aino Siirala 309141 Assignment submitted

More information

CHAPTER 7 THE DEHYDRATION AND SWEETENING OF NATURAL GAS

CHAPTER 7 THE DEHYDRATION AND SWEETENING OF NATURAL GAS CHAPTER 7 THE DEHYDRATION AND SWEETENING OF NATURAL GAS Natural gases either from natural production or storage reservoirs contain water, which condense and form solid gas hydrates to block pipeline flow

More information

Biogas as transportation fuel

Biogas as transportation fuel Biogas as transportation fuel Summary Biogas is used as transportation fuel in a number of countries, but in Europe it has only reached a major breakthrough in Sweden. All of the biogas plants in Sweden

More information

In-situ Bioremediation of oily sediments and soil

In-situ Bioremediation of oily sediments and soil 1 Peter Werner, Jens Fahl, Catalin Stefan DRESDEN UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY In-situ Bioremediation of oily sediments and soil 2 WHAT IS OIL? MIXTURE of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons Different composition

More information

AMMONIA AND UREA PRODUCTION

AMMONIA AND UREA PRODUCTION AMMONIA AND UREA PRODUCTION Urea (NH 2 CONH 2 ) is of great importance to the agriculture industry as a nitrogen-rich fertiliser. In Kapuni, Petrochem manufacture ammonia and then convert the majority

More information

Royal Caribbean International Advanced Wastewater Purification Systems

Royal Caribbean International Advanced Wastewater Purification Systems Royal Caribbean International Advanced Wastewater Purification Systems Royal Caribbean International is installing advanced wastewater purification (AWP) systems on all of its ships. These technologically

More information

Saudi Aramco Project Development

Saudi Aramco Project Development Saudi Aramco Project Development Wastewater Treatment Facilities Jeddah Refinery And Marine Area December 2007 Facilities Planning Dept. OBJECTIVE: Provide an overview of the complexities of developing

More information

Chapter 6 Odor Control

Chapter 6 Odor Control Chapter 6 Odor Control Odors are often the initial concern cited with a biosolids management program. Once odors are associated with a facility or a program, other concerns often are raised. Odor is frequently

More information

A build-up of dirt and decaing organic matter is undesirable in koi ponds.

A build-up of dirt and decaing organic matter is undesirable in koi ponds. Hydrogen Sulphide in Koi Ponds A build-up of dirt and decaing organic matter is undesirable in koi ponds. KOISA No. 33 June 010 Hydrogen Sulphide Gas (HS) and Koi Ponds A build up of dirt and decaying

More information

METHANOL REMOVAL FROM METHANOL-WATER MIXTURE USING MUNICIPAL ACTIVATED SLUDGE

METHANOL REMOVAL FROM METHANOL-WATER MIXTURE USING MUNICIPAL ACTIVATED SLUDGE Journal of Engineering Science and Technology Vol. 8, No. 5 (2013) 578-587 School of Engineering, Taylor s University METHANOL REMOVAL FROM METHANOL-WATER MIXTURE USING MUNICIPAL ACTIVATED SLUDGE SALAM

More information

GRUNDFOS BioBooster. Cleaner water Greener environment

GRUNDFOS BioBooster. Cleaner water Greener environment GRUNDFOS BioBooster Cleaner water Greener environment PRODUCT DESCRIPTION Compact wastewater treatment GRUNDFOS BioBooster Innovative industrial wastewater treatment in containers Grundfos BioBooster is

More information

Control Technology, Advanced Treatment Processes, and Next-generation Systems for Sewage and Wastewater

Control Technology, Advanced Treatment Processes, and Next-generation Systems for Sewage and Wastewater 591 Hitachi Review Vol. 64 (2015), No. 9 Featured Articles Control Technology, Advanced Treatment Processes, and Next-generation Systems for Sewage and Waste Masahiro Goto Ichiro Yamanoi, Dr. Energy Science

More information

HEAT RECOVERY OPTIONS FOR DRYERS AND OXIDIZERS

HEAT RECOVERY OPTIONS FOR DRYERS AND OXIDIZERS HEAT RECOVERY OPTIONS FOR DRYERS AND OXIDIZERS William K. Scullion, Application Engineering Leader, MEGTEC Systems, De Pere, WI Introduction Competitive pressures continuously motivate us to examine our

More information

e ROI Improved Membrane Bio-Reactor (MBR) performance delivers superior effluent quality and major capital savings at Latte Trento Dairy in Italy

e ROI Improved Membrane Bio-Reactor (MBR) performance delivers superior effluent quality and major capital savings at Latte Trento Dairy in Italy Essential Expertise for Water, Energy and Air Improved Membrane Bio-Reactor (MBR) performance delivers superior effluent quality and major capital savings at Latte Trento Dairy in Italy Environmental Results

More information

The City of Boulder 75 th Street Wastewater Treatment Facility

The City of Boulder 75 th Street Wastewater Treatment Facility The City of Boulder 75 th Street Wastewater Treatment Facility Wastewater Collection and Treatment The Foundation of Public Health Wastewater Collection Boulder s wastewater collection system, also known

More information

ECOLOGICAL LINE of bioexpert PRODUCTS

ECOLOGICAL LINE of bioexpert PRODUCTS Recommended application Product s name bioexpert BIOLOGICAL TABLES for septic tanks and sewage systems for cesspools, septic tanks and sewage systems: bioexpert BIOLOGICAL DEGREASER for sewage systems

More information

5.1.3 Model of biological phosphorus removal

5.1.3 Model of biological phosphorus removal 196 5.1.3 Model of biological phosphorus removal 5.1.3.1 Enhanced cultures Based on the concepts presented in the previous section, a model was developed at the university of Cape Town (UCT) to describe

More information

Alberta Onsite Wastewater Management Association Installer Training Program

Alberta Onsite Wastewater Management Association Installer Training Program Alberta Onsite Wastewater Management Association Installer Training Program OWTS 100 Overview and Principles of Wastewater Treatment Systems Brief Review of All Types of Systems 1. Know the general principles

More information

Treatment options for hydrogen sulfide. Testing for hydrogen sulfide

Treatment options for hydrogen sulfide. Testing for hydrogen sulfide Sometimes hot water will have a sour smell, similar to that of an old damp rag. This smell often develops when the thermostat has been lowered to save energy or reduce the potential for scalding. Odor-causing

More information

From solid fuels to substitute natural gas (SNG) using TREMP

From solid fuels to substitute natural gas (SNG) using TREMP From solid fuels to substitute natural gas (SNG) using TREMP Topsøe Recycle Energy-efficient Methanation Process Introduction Natural gas is a clean, environmentally friendly energy source and is expected

More information

Department of Environmental Engineering

Department of Environmental Engineering Department of Environmental Engineering Master of Engineering Program in Environmental Engineering (International Program) M.Eng. (Environmental Engineering) Plan A Option 1: (1) Major courses: minimum

More information

Provided below is a description of the processes generating wastewater in a poultry plant and a typical pretreatment and full treatment system.

Provided below is a description of the processes generating wastewater in a poultry plant and a typical pretreatment and full treatment system. II. PROCESS OVERVIEW Provided below is a description of the processes generating wastewater in a poultry plant and a typical pretreatment and full treatment system. II.1. Wastewater Generation A typical

More information

THE MARSHALL STREET ADVANCED POLLUTION CONTROL FACILITY (CLEARWATER, FLORIDA) CONVERSION TO 4-STAGE BARDENPHO TO IMPROVE BIOLOGICAL NITROGEN REMOVAL

THE MARSHALL STREET ADVANCED POLLUTION CONTROL FACILITY (CLEARWATER, FLORIDA) CONVERSION TO 4-STAGE BARDENPHO TO IMPROVE BIOLOGICAL NITROGEN REMOVAL THE MARSHALL STREET ADVANCED POLLUTION CONTROL FACILITY (CLEARWATER, FLORIDA) CONVERSION TO 4-STAGE BARDENPHO TO IMPROVE BIOLOGICAL NITROGEN REMOVAL ABSTRACT Timur Deniz, Ph.D., Thomas W. Friedrich, P.E.

More information

BALANCING REDOX EQUATIONS. Each redox equation contains two parts -- the oxidation and reduction parts. Each is balanced separately.

BALANCING REDOX EQUATIONS. Each redox equation contains two parts -- the oxidation and reduction parts. Each is balanced separately. C & EE 255B Prof. M. K. Stenstrom Winter 2015 BALANCING REDOX EQUATIONS Balancing redox (oxidation-reduction) equations is a simple and very useful technique of performing balances from empirical equations

More information

How To Clean Polluted Environment

How To Clean Polluted Environment Sasikumar, C.Sheela and Taniya Papinazath Environmental Management:- Bioremediation Of Polluted Environment in Martin J. Bunch, V. Madha Suresh and T. Vasantha Kumaran, eds., Proceedings of the Third International

More information

Active Treatment Systems

Active Treatment Systems Categories EC Erosion Control SE Sediment Control TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control Non-Stormwater NS Management Control Waste Management and WM Materials Pollution Control Legend: Primary Category

More information

Presented by Paul Krauth Utah DEQ. Salt Lake Countywide Watershed Symposium October 28-29, 2008

Presented by Paul Krauth Utah DEQ. Salt Lake Countywide Watershed Symposium October 28-29, 2008 Basic Nutrient Removal from Water Beta Edition Presented by Paul Krauth Utah DEQ Salt Lake Countywide Watershed Symposium October 28-29, 2008 Presentation Outline Salt Lake County waters / 303(d) listings

More information

GRANULAR ACTIVATED CARBON FOR WATER & WASTEWATER TREATMENT

GRANULAR ACTIVATED CARBON FOR WATER & WASTEWATER TREATMENT GRANULAR ACTIVATED CARBON FOR WATER & WASTEWATER TREATMENT CARBTROL Corporation September 1992 Rev. 10/92 TP-3 INTRODUCTION Carbon has been used as an adsorbent for centuries. Early uses of carbon were

More information

UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI ROMA LA SAPIENZA DIPARTIMENTO INGEGNERIA CHIMICA MATERIALI AMBIENTE

UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI ROMA LA SAPIENZA DIPARTIMENTO INGEGNERIA CHIMICA MATERIALI AMBIENTE UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI ROMA LA SAPIENZA DIPARTIMENTO INGEGNERIA CHIMICA MATERIALI AMBIENTE REPORT ON A TEST EXECUTED ON A KDV DEPOLYMERIZATION PLANT ON JAN 19TH 2012 IN THE ORION ECOSOLUTIONS DEMONSTRATION

More information

ADVANCED LAGOON TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES FOR WASTEWATER TREATMENT

ADVANCED LAGOON TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES FOR WASTEWATER TREATMENT ADVANCED LAGOON TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES FOR WASTEWATER TREATMENT ABSTRACT by Vikram M Pattarkine*, Randall C Chann**, Charles E Tharp** *Brinjac Engineering Inc, 114 North 2 nd Street, Harrisburg, PA 1711

More information

Current version : 2.0.1, issued: 29.08.2012 Replaced version: 2.0.0, issued: 07.03.2012 Region: GB

Current version : 2.0.1, issued: 29.08.2012 Replaced version: 2.0.0, issued: 07.03.2012 Region: GB SECTION 1: Identification of the substance/mixture and of the company/undertaking 1.1 Product identifier Trade name Easy Glide Gleitmittel 1.2 Relevant identified uses of the substance or mixture and uses

More information

SIMBA - Simulation of biological wastewater systems

SIMBA - Simulation of biological wastewater systems SIMBA 6 SIMBA - Simulation of biological wastewater systems The simulation system SIMBA is a versatile software for the modelling and dynamic simulation in the field of wastewater engineering. In its version

More information

The Sewage Plant. The Original! Fully biological. Small sewage. wastewater treatment for. new construction. & retrofitting

The Sewage Plant. The Original! Fully biological. Small sewage. wastewater treatment for. new construction. & retrofitting The Sewage Plant The Original! Fully biological wastewater treatment for new construction & retrofitting Ssb Small sewage treatment plant AQuato stabi-kom AQUATO STABI-KOM THE NEW GENERATION AMONG THE

More information

Biological Phosphorus Removal Activated Sludge Process in Warm Climates

Biological Phosphorus Removal Activated Sludge Process in Warm Climates Biological Phosphorus Removal Activated Sludge Process in Warm Climates CaoYe Shi Publishing London* New York Contents Preface Acknowledgements About the author Nomenclature ix xi xiii xv Chapter 1 General

More information

INTRODUCTION. Fact Sheet: Air Pollution Emission Control Devices for Stationary Sources

INTRODUCTION. Fact Sheet: Air Pollution Emission Control Devices for Stationary Sources Fact Sheet: Air Pollution Emission Control Devices for Stationary Sources INTRODUCTION Stationary sources of air pollution emissions, such as power plants, steel mills, smelters, cement plants, refineries,

More information

Georgia Department of Public Health. Georgia Onsite Sewage Management Systems. Background and Use of Onsite Wastewater Treatment Systems in Georgia

Georgia Department of Public Health. Georgia Onsite Sewage Management Systems. Background and Use of Onsite Wastewater Treatment Systems in Georgia Georgia Department of Public Health Georgia Onsite Sewage Management Systems Background and Use of Onsite Wastewater Treatment Systems in Georgia Background On-site sewage management systems are designed

More information

NANYANG TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY. School of Civil and Environmental Engineering. CV2701: Laboratory 2A. Laboratory Manual. For

NANYANG TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY. School of Civil and Environmental Engineering. CV2701: Laboratory 2A. Laboratory Manual. For NANYANG TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY School of Civil and Environmental Engineering CV2701: Laboratory 2A Laboratory Manual For Experiment Lab 2A-6(ENV) Wastewater Quality Analysis Location : Environment Laboratory,

More information

POINT SOURCES OF POLLUTION: LOCAL EFFECTS AND IT S CONTROL Vol. II - Technologies for Water Pollution Control - Wang Jianlong

POINT SOURCES OF POLLUTION: LOCAL EFFECTS AND IT S CONTROL Vol. II - Technologies for Water Pollution Control - Wang Jianlong TECHNOLOGIES FOR WATER POLLUTION CONTROL Wang Jianlong Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, Poeples Republic of China. Keywords: Activated sludge, Aerobic treatment, Anaerobic treatment, Biological treatment,

More information

Description of Thermal Oxidizers

Description of Thermal Oxidizers Description of Thermal Oxidizers NESTEC, Inc. is a full service equipment supplier specializing in solutions for plant emission problems. The benefit in working with NESTEC, Inc. is we bring 25+ years

More information

SELECT Hg Ultra-purification of mercury from natural gas

SELECT Hg Ultra-purification of mercury from natural gas SELECT Hg Ultra-purification of mercury from natural gas SELECT Hg: Ultra-purification of mercury from natural gas Mercury is a naturally occurring contaminant in some hydrocarbons. It is highly toxic

More information

Development and Operating Results of Low SO2 to SO3 Conversion Rate Catalyst for DeNOx Application

Development and Operating Results of Low SO2 to SO3 Conversion Rate Catalyst for DeNOx Application Development and Operating Results of Low SO2 to SO3 Conversion Rate Catalyst for DeNOx Application By Isato Morita Yoshinori Nagai Dr. Yasuyoshi Kato Babcock-Hitachi K.K., Japan Dr.Howard N. Franklin Hitachi

More information

During the past decade, the city of

During the past decade, the city of An Advanced Pollution Control Facility s Conversion to Four-Stage Bardenpho to Improve Biological Nitrogen Removal Timur Deniz, Thomas W. Friedrich, and John Milligan During the past decade, the city of

More information

BIOHEAPLEACHING Marja Riekkola-Vanhanen Senior Biotechnology Adviser

BIOHEAPLEACHING Marja Riekkola-Vanhanen Senior Biotechnology Adviser BIOHEAPLEACHING Marja Riekkola-Vanhanen Senior Biotechnology Adviser 2 Short history of bioleaching Copper recovery from mine waters in the Mediterranean area 3000 years ago Heapleaching in Spain in big

More information

WISCONSIN WASTEWATER OPERATORS ASSOCIATION

WISCONSIN WASTEWATER OPERATORS ASSOCIATION Integrity. People. Knowledge. WISCONSIN WASTEWATER OPERATORS ASSOCIATION ANNUAL CONFERENCE GREEN BAY Resources. MEETING LOW LEVEL PHOSPHORUS LIMITS BY CHEMICAL ADDITION WHAT IS PHOSPHORUS Atomic # 15 Electron

More information

Wastewater Reuse. Typical treated wastewater is:

Wastewater Reuse. Typical treated wastewater is: Wastewater Reuse Most metal finishing industries have in-house wastewater treatment to economically dispose of the acids, alkali, oils, and dissolved metals in the rinse water and occasional tank solution

More information

Biological Wastewater Treatment

Biological Wastewater Treatment Biological Wastewater Treatment This article briefly discusses the differences between aerobic and anaerobic biological treatment processes and subsequently focuses on select aerobic biological treatment

More information

CERTIFIED SEPTIC EVALUATION PREPARED FOR MATT HASHEM 1673 MT. MAJOR HWY, ALTON, NH 03810

CERTIFIED SEPTIC EVALUATION PREPARED FOR MATT HASHEM 1673 MT. MAJOR HWY, ALTON, NH 03810 DATE: May 31, 2013 N.H. LICENSED DESIGNER OF SUBSURFACE DISPOSAL SYSTEMS 216 Hill Road Phone & Fax: 934-6206 Franklin, NH 03235 Cell: 393-3085 CERTIFIED SEPTIC EVALUATION PREPARED FOR MATT HASHEM 1673

More information

Advanced Wastewater Treatment and Disposal Systems. Water and Wastewater Utility Operation and

Advanced Wastewater Treatment and Disposal Systems. Water and Wastewater Utility Operation and Advanced Wastewater Treatment and Disposal Systems Water and Wastewater Utility Operation and Management for Tribes Preliminary Treatment Primary Treatment Secondary Treatment Tertiary Treatment Disinfection

More information

Total Water & Wastewater Management for Shale Gas Production. Treatment and Operation Solutions

Total Water & Wastewater Management for Shale Gas Production. Treatment and Operation Solutions Total Water & Wastewater Management for Shale Gas Production Treatment and Operation Solutions Impact of Water and Wastewater from Shale Gas Fracturing Operations As the number of shale gas fracturing

More information

Remediation of Water-Based Drilling Fluids and Cleaning of Cuttings

Remediation of Water-Based Drilling Fluids and Cleaning of Cuttings OVERVIEW Water-Based Drilling Fluids are environmentally friendly compared with oil-based drilling fluids; however their safe disposal can still be a challenge. There are normally no hydrocarbons present,

More information

Working With Enzymes. a world of learning. Introduction. How Enzymes Work. Types and Sources of Enzymes

Working With Enzymes. a world of learning. Introduction. How Enzymes Work. Types and Sources of Enzymes Working With Enzymes a world of learning Presented by Peter J Ball, Southern Biological. For further information, please contact the author by phone (03) 9877-4597 or by email peterjball@southernbiological.com.

More information