Content. > How to ensure sustainability of RIs? > RIs generate knowledge > Socio-economic impact of RIs

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1 Long-term Sustainability of Accelerator-Driven Research Infrastructures in the Knowledge- Based Economy. Dr. Ute Krell Seminar on Role of RIs for a Competitive Knowledge Economy Brussels, 30 June 2009

2 Content > How to ensure sustainability of RIs? > RIs generate knowledge > Socio-economic impact of RIs with examples from accelerator-based research infrastructures Ute Krell Role of RIs for Competitive Knowledge Economy ESFRI - Brussels June 2009 page 2

3 How to Ensure Sustainability of RIs? > Ensure financial & human resources > Keep the RI at the forefront of research and technology Keep one s own key-knowledge at the cutting edge Strong support by users Constantly improve data handling Ensure strong national political interest Cultivate international collaboration Cultivate collaboration with industrial suppliers Ute Krell Role of RIs for Competitive Knowledge Economy ESFRI - Brussels June 2009 page 3

4 Keep One s Own Key-Knowledge at the Cutting Edge > Long-term planning > Transfer knowledge over generations of scientists/engineers Example: Accelerator technology over 50 years at DESY > Used for studies in particle physics > Serve as synchrotrons (SR) & free electron laser (FEL) for users from various scientific fields > R & D in accelerator technology: storage rings => superconducting linear accelerators => FELs Ute Krell Role of RIs for Competitive Knowledge Economy ESFRI - Brussels June 2009 page 4

5 RIs Development at DESY German Electron Synchrotron a 300-meter-long ring accelerator Double Ring Store ~ 300 m where 1960 for electrons 1970 electrons 1980Positron-Electron collide with positrons 1990Tandem Ring Accelerator 2.3 km Electron-Proton Storage Ring DESY DESY II first observation of gluons 6.3 km DORIS superconducting TeV- Energy accelerator Superconducting at extremly Linear lowaccelerator temperatures (Test facility PETRA PETRA II for ILC and European XFEL) Particle Physics HERA TESLA Test Facility DORIS III FLASH Synchrotrons & FELs XFEL Construction Dedicated synchrotron radiation PETRA III source - 36 experimental Free-Electron stations Laser 260 m - shortwavelength with 45 alternately operated End ultraviolet 2009: synchrotron radiation and radiation instruments soft X-rays, source 6 alternately - 14 experimental operated stations experimental with stations up to 30 instruments Ute Krell Role of RIs for Competitive Knowledge Economy ESFRI - Brussels June 2009 page 5

6 RIs Development at DESY DESY DORIS PETRA DESY II PETRA II HERA TESLA Test Facility DESY always at the forefront DORIS III FLASH XFEL Construction PETRA III Ute Krell Role of RIs for Competitive Knowledge Economy ESFRI - Brussels June 2009 page 6

7 Strong Support by Users Include users in planning and operation of research infrastructures: > Involve users in development plans of facility e.g. science cases, experimental instrumentation > Annual user workshops > User committee with a strong link to RIs directors > Users contribute to RI e.g. provide technical devices (HERA detectors), construct and/or operate beamlines (partly finance personnel on site) > Establish users s labs/science centers on the campus of RIs e.g. EMBL, MPG-ASMB, CFEL (Center for Free-Electron Laser Science) Ute Krell Role of RIs for Competitive Knowledge Economy ESFRI - Brussels June 2009 page 7

8 Strong Support by Users Strengthen the users: > Specific national funding program for scientific projects which need the large national RIs: in Germany: BMBF Collective Research in Condensed Matter funding for projects at universities, scientific institutes and companies > A national user Association in Germany: Committee Research with Synchrotron Radiation (KFS) Ute Krell Role of RIs for Competitive Knowledge Economy ESFRI - Brussels June 2009 page 8

9 Committee Research with Synchrotron Radiation > KFS the German Committee Research with Synchrotron Radiation task: represents scientists who work with synchrotron radiation and gives advice for the future of research with synchrotron radiation. together with two other committees KFN (neutrons) and KFSI (nuclear probes and ion beams) sends two representatives into the KEKM (Commission Research on Condensed Matter) consists of 7 elected members (3 years, all German users of SRs) and of permanent guests. Those are representatives of the synchrotron radiation centres and representatives of the responsible bodies for research on condensed matter (PT-DESY) and representatives of the BMBF. Last election 2008 > KFS published recommendations for the future use of synchrotron radiation in 2001 & 2009 (in German only) Ute Krell Role of RIs for Competitive Knowledge Economy ESFRI - Brussels June 2009 page 9

10 Constantly Improve the Data Handling > Adapt state-of-art data processing and analysis software e.g. use of Grid technology > Ensure long-term data storage e.g. HERA was closed in 2007 but data were collected to be analysed for at least the next 10 years Ute Krell Role of RIs for Competitive Knowledge Economy ESFRI - Brussels June 2009 page 10

11 Ensure Strong National Political Interest > Convince the public & politicians on local, national & international level of the need of the RI => continuous dissemination activities e.g. school labs, science cafe, science nights, open days, open day for photographers > Requires strong user support Ute Krell Role of RIs for Competitive Knowledge Economy ESFRI - Brussels June 2009 page 11

12 Cultivate International Collaboration > Develop and share know-how with leading international partners > Ensure & improve knowledge transfer from neighbouring R&D partners To keep global competitiveness Example: DESY is involved in 374 international scientific collaboration contracts Ute Krell Role of RIs for Competitive Knowledge Economy ESFRI - Brussels June 2009 page 12

13 Cultivate Collaborations with Industrial Suppliers > Necessary for access to cutting-edge technology > Create a platform for information and joint technology development > For new RIs: joint development of the technical devices > Avoid bottlenecks Examples: > EIFast (European Industry Forum for Accelerators with SCRF Technology) Ute Krell Role of RIs for Competitive Knowledge Economy ESFRI - Brussels June 2009 page 13

14 EIFast > ILC triggered substantial industrial interest => 2005 founding of Scope: > To maintain and further strengthen the excellent position of European science and industry in superconducting radio frequency technology > To ensure a flow of up-to-date information about projects between research institutes and industrial companies. > To promote involvement of industry in scientific projects especially large projects (e.g. European XFEL, ILC, ELAN) at an early stage. Members: 44 companies 4 research organisations 2 accelerator projects Ute Krell Role of RIs for Competitive Knowledge Economy ESFRI - Brussels June 2009 page 14

15 Cultivate Collaborations with Industrial Suppliers > Necessary for access to cutting-edge technology > Create a platform for information and joint technology development > For new RIs: joint development of the technical devices > Avoid bottlenecks Examples: > EIFast (European Industry Forum for Accelerators with SCRF Technology) > Joint laser developments to improve accelerator based light sources (electron beam generation, pump-probe, slicing) & experiments > Towards series production: e.g. superconducting accelerator moduls for European XFEL & ILC partly funded by EC under FP6 Contract No > SR user workshops include exhibition of companies supplying technical devices for experiments Ute Krell Role of RIs for Competitive Knowledge Economy ESFRI - Brussels June 2009 page 15

16 Cultivate Collaborations with Industrial Suppliers Existing bottlenecks > Production of some devices are not economic for a company => stopped Examples > The production of specific gratings could be handed over to RI to satisfy the demand of synchrotrons & FELs. > The necessary quality of diamonds for FELs optics is not available. Only one company is able to produce the needed quality but the production would be extremely expensive. Ute Krell Role of RIs for Competitive Knowledge Economy ESFRI - Brussels June 2009 page 16

17 Content > How to ensure sustainability of RIs? > RIs generate knowledge > Socio-economic impact of RIs Ute Krell Role of RIs for Competitive Knowledge Economy ESFRI - Brussels June 2009 page 17

18 RIs Generate Knowledge > through use and further development of RI > Industry gathers knowledge through users (e.g. from universities) Example: DESY Publications per year 1 ~722 > by DESY staff: 370 > by external users: 352 PhD Thesis: 92 PhD Students : ISI or peer reviewed, average Effective process: RIs serve large & multidisciplinary scientific communities Ute Krell Role of RIs for Competitive Knowledge Economy ESFRI - Brussels June 2009 page 18

19 RIs Generate > RIs serve large & multidisciplinary scientific communities SR = Synchrotrons & FELs (Doris III, PETRA II, FLASH ) PP = Particle Physics (HERA) DESY user total SR user total SR EU PP user total PP EU DORIS III user disciplines: Physics Chemistry Mineralogy Geology Biology Medicine Material Science Zoology Engineering Science Environmental Science Cultural Heritage instrumentation & environmental techniques further science applications interfaces & clusters surfaces hard condensed matter 8% soft condensed matter 11% material science 29% atoms, molecules, life science 40% Ute Krell Role of RIs for Competitive Knowledge Economy ESFRI - Brussels June 2009 page 19

20 Content > How to ensure sustainability of RIs? > RIs generate knowledge > Socio-economic impact of RIs Ute Krell Role of RIs for Competitive Knowledge Economy ESFRI - Brussels June 2009 page 20

21 Socio-Economic Impact of RIs > Large Research Infrastructures have a significant regional and national economic impact Example: Economic role of DESY and HERA expenditure overall income in Germany through direct, indirect & induced effects 1 sustained & generated jobs additional tax revenue DESY Mill DESY Mill external DESY users 143,4 Mill total 198,6 Mill + 38% 4244 of which 70% outside DESY (32% local, 32% regional, 36% other) > 49 Mill HERA Mill human recources 279 Mill materials (prices 1984) 357 Mill total 416,8 Mill +16% during investment phase 1 direct & indirect effect - expenditure of the research center & direct/indirect suppliers; induced effects expenditure once again via revenue, income & employment Study by W. Pfähler, CH. Gabriel, Uni Hamburg 2000 Ute Krell Role of RIs for Competitive Knowledge Economy ESFRI - Brussels June 2009 page 21

22 Summary Ensure sustainability of RIs > Ensure financial & human resources > Keep the RI at the forefront of research and technology Keep one s own key-knowledge at the cutting edge Strong support by users Constantly improve data handling Ensure strong national political interest Cultivate international collaboration Cultivate collaboration with industrial suppliers Ute Krell Role of RIs for Competitive Knowledge Economy ESFRI - Brussels June 2009 page 22