Persistent Scatterer Interferometry and Cosmo-SkyMed data in the Piano Straordianario di Telerilevamento Ambientale (PST-A) Salvatore Costabile

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1 Persistent Scatterer Interferometry and Cosmo-SkyMed data in the Piano Straordianario di Telerilevamento Ambientale (PST-A) Salvatore Costabile E-GEOS Conference May, Rome (Italy)

2 Summary PST-A: regulatory framework PST-A and the Persistent Scatterer Interferometry: ERS and ENVISAT data PST-A Extension with COSMO-SkyMed ENVISAT: application examples COSMO-SkyMed: application examples The National Geoportal: data access E-GEOS Conference May, Rome (Italy)

3 The Plan of Environmental Remote Sensing The Extraordinary Plan of Environmental Remote Sensing (Piano Straordinario di Telerilevamento PST-A), pursuant to Law 179 of 31 July 2002 art. 27, is an Agreement Program between the Ministry of Environment and Territory of the Sea (MATTM), Presidency of the Council of Ministers - Department of Civil Protection and the Ministry of Defense in agreement with the Regions and Autonomous Provinces. The main aim of the plan is create a very high resolution national database, aimed at prevention and mitigation of hydrogeological risk, shared with every public administration level. Law 244 of 24 December 2007 art. 327, authorizes the MATTM to conclude Agreement Programs with central and local Public Administrations in order to realize an extension of the PST-A, aiming to enhance tools for verifying and monitoring areas with high hydrogeological risk and sharing environmental data. This program establishing the Ordinary Plan of Environmental Remote Sensing (Piano Ordinario di Telerilevamento Ambientale POT-A), thus making the MATTM a benchmark and the principal access point to the territorial and environmental informations. E-GEOS Conference May, Rome (Italy)

4 The Plan of Environmental Remote Sensing s aims: Realize an important database to support decision-making in all areas subject to hydrogeological risk, and encourage the sharing of methodologies, data and results. Enhance and improve the quality of tools useful to a better knowledge of the territory. To provide access and shared data, through the National Geoportal (GN), to the whole area of Public Administration Make a substantial contribution to the government activities and political decision-making in the environmental and territorial themes. Identify common methods of analysis and tools aiming at producing comparable results Cover the entire national territory of interferometric measurements E-GEOS Conference May, Rome (Italy)

5 Interferometry in the PST-A The project, unique at international level, aims at the acquisition of persistent scatterers interferometric satellite data and their archiving in the National Geoportal Data-Base Up to now, about ERS and ENVISAT images available, acquired in ascending and descending geometry in the period over the whole italian territory (300,000 km 2) The use of advanced Persistent Scatterer Interferometry techniques for a massive production on very large areas and dedicated geo-spatial database to manage millions of PS measurements, thousands of SAR images and hundreds of interferometric data-stacks allowed the processing of the whole ESA ERS/Envisat SAR image archive, making available terrain displacement measurements over the whole Italian territory from 1992 to E-GEOS Conference May, Rome (Italy)

6 ERS Coverage ( ) ERS Ascending ERS Descending E-GEOS Conference May, Rome (Italy) 6

7 Persistent scatterers ERS ( ) Mean vel (mm/year) < > 7.0 ERS ASCENDING DESCENDING

8 ENVISAT Coverage ( ) ENVISAT Ascending ENVISAT Descending Conferenza Nazionale ASITA novembre, Reggia di Colorno (Parma) 8

9 Persistent scatterers ENVISAT ( ) Mean vel (mm/year) < > 7.0 ENVISAT ASCENDING DESCENDING

10 PST-A Extension with COSMO-SkyMed data Up-dating of the National Geoportal data base with SAR data and terrain displacement measurements obtained by COSMO-SkyMed interferometric technique over the Italian territory. ERS ENVISAT COSMO-SkyMed E-GEOS Conference May, Rome (Italy)

11 COSMO-SkyMed coverage plan for the Italian territory Ascending geomettry Descending geometry E-GEOS Conference May, Rome (Italy)

12 COSMO-SkyMed coverage plan for the Italian territory Satellite constellation full operative Look angles selected in order to highlight terrain displacemnts (subsidence, landslides, etc.) One complete coverage each 16 days Systematic acquisition over the whole Italian territory in progress E-GEOS Conference May, Rome (Italy)

13 COSMO SkyMed and the Persistent Scatterer Interferometry technique High resolution X-band SAR proved to be very good for persistent scatterer interferometry : Very high density of persistent scatterers (tens of thousands per km2 in urban areas already with stripmap images) measurement of differential displacements within the same structure (i.e. a building, a bridge, a dam) High sensitivity to displacements (short wavelength) COSMO-SkyMed constellation of 4 satellites has some unique capabilities: Very good revisit time (up to 8 acquisitions per month with the same look angle) Measurement of fast movements Long series of acquisitions in a short time High acquisition capabilities (up to 2000 images per day) Coverage of large areas Very good PS localization (COSMO-SkyMed baselines are kept large, although well below the critical baseline) E-GEOS Conference May, Rome (Italy)

14 ENVISAT and COSMO-SkyMed characteristics comparison for Persistent Scatterers analysis ENVISAT COSMO SkyMed ACQUISITION MODE ASAR STRIPMAP WAVE LENGTH C Band (~6 cm) X Band(~3 cm) GROUND RESOLUTION 5 m x 25 m 3 m x 3 m POLARIZATION VV HH INCIDENCE ANGLE ~ ANALYSING PERIOD Now E-GEOS Conference May, Rome (Italy)

15 Persistent Scatterer Interferometry: application examples with ENVISAT data E-GEOS Conference May, Rome (Italy)

16 Subsidence - ERS & ENVISAT Guidonia (RM) Mean vel (mm/year) ERS Descending ( ) ENVISAT ascending ( )

17 Landslide ENVISAT Maratea (PZ) Mean vel (mm/year)

18 Landslide phenomena identification Point Point 1: mean vel 20,6 mm/year Spostamento (mm) /04/ /09/ /01/ /05/ /10/ /02/ /07/20 Tempo (giorni)

19 Building stability ENVISAT Rome Via Fabiola Ponte Matteotti Chiesa S. Lucia mm/y

20 Buildings Via Fabiola, Rome PT PT 345 v = -20 mm/anno Coherenza = 0, spostamento spostamento (mm) (mm) v = 0 mm/anno 0 Coherenza = 0,88 29/03/93 29/03/94 29/03/95 28/03/96 28/03/97 28/03/98 28/03/99 27/03/00 27/03/01 27/03/02 27/03/ /03/93 29/03/94 29/03/95 28/03/96 28/03/97 28/03/98 28/03/99 27/03/00 27/03/01 27/03/02 27/03/ data delle immagini -30 data delle immagini

21 Buildings Via Fabiola, Rome

22 Church S. Lucia (Via Teulada), Rome

23 Church S. Lucia (Via Teulada), Rome PT PT 2274 v = - 4 mm/anno Coherenza = 0,88 PT 2274 PT 2190 spostamento (mm) v = -6 mm/anno Coherenza = 0, /03/93 29/03/94 29/03/95 28/03/96 28/03/97 28/03/98 28/03/99 27/03/00 27/03/01 27/03/02 27/03/ /03/93 29/03/94 29/03/95 28/03/96 28/03/97 28/03/98 28/03/99 27/03/00 27/03/01 27/03/02 27/03/03 spostamento (mm) data delle immagini -40 data delle immagini

24 Ponte Matteotti, Rome PT v = -2 mm/anno Coherenza = 0,85 spostamento (mm) /03/93 29/03/94 29/03/95 28/03/96 28/03/97 28/03/98 28/03/99 27/03/00 27/03/01 27/03/02 27/03/ data delle immagini

25 COSMO-SkyMed Persistent Scatterer interferometry Test areas

26 COSMO-SkyMed test areas Three test areas have been identified to experiment the persistent scatterer technique with COSMO-SkyMed data: Venezia Bologna Palermo These areas have been identified considering the characteristics of the terrain, the availability of SAR data 6 COSMO-SkyMed standard frames (40 km x 40 km) have been processed (ascending and descending for each test area) and analysed

27 ENVISAT vs COSMO-SkyMed Venezia ENVISAT ASAR C-band (~5.6 cm) Ground resolution 5 m x 25 m Polarization VV Incidence angle ~23 Right looking, ascending Analyzed period: Feb Jul COSMO-SKYMED Stripmap H4-03 X-band (~3 cm) Ground resolution 3 m x 3 m Polarization HH Incidence angle Right looking, ascending Analyzed period: Oct Feb. 2011

28 COSMO-SkyMed Octber 2009 February 2011 Venezia

29 ENVISAT Febbraio 2003 Luglio 2010 Venezia

30 Comparison COSMO-SkyMed - ENVISAT Venezia

31 COSMO-SkyMed: the lagoon Venezia Porto di San Nicolò Porto di Malamocco

32 COSMO-SkyMed Porto di San Nicolò 10 Evoluzione Temporale 0 Spostamento (mm) /26/2009 2/13/2010 6/3/2010 9/21/2010 1/9/2011 4/29/2011 Tempo (giorni) 10 Evoluzione Temporale 0 Spostamento (mm) /26/2009 2/13/2010 6/3/2010 9/21/2010 1/9/2011 4/29/2011 Tempo (giorni)

33 COSMO-SkyMed Porto di Malamocco 10 Evoluzione Temporale 0 Spostamento (mm) /26/2009 2/13/2010 6/3/2010 9/21/2010 1/9/2011 4/29/2011 Tempo (giorni)

34 COSMO-SkyMed Laguna di Venezia

35 ENVISAT vs COSMO-SkyMed Bologna ENVISAT ASAR C-band (~5.6 cm) Ground resolution 5 m x 25 m Polarization VV Incidence angle ~23 Right looking, ascending Analyzed period: Nov Lug COSMO-SKYMED Stripmap HI-04 X-band (~3 cm) Ground resolution 3 m x 3 m Polarization HH Angolo di incidenza Right looking, ascending Analyzed period: Jan Sep. 2011

36 COSMO-SkyMed January 2009 September 2011 Bologna Budrio Bologna: urban area Castel Guelfo di Bologna

37 PS density Envisat vs COSMO-SkyMed Bologna Bologna: airport Bologna: Center

38 PS density Envisat vs COSMO-SkyMed Detail Bologna Center

39 PS density Envisat vs COSMO-SkyMed Detail Bologna airport

40 PS density Envisat vs COSMO-SkyMed Budrio

41 PS density Envisat vs COSMO-SkyMed Castel Guelfo di Bologna

42 ENVISAT vs COSMO-SkyMed Palermo ENVISAT ASAR C-band (~5.6 cm) Ground resolution 5 m x 25 m Polarization VV Incidence angle ~23 Right looking, ascending Analyzed period: Nov Lug COSMO-SKYMED Stripmap HI-05 X-band (~3 cm) Ground resolution 3 m x 3 m Polarization HH Angolo di incidenza Right looking, ascending Analyzed period: Nov Sep. 2011

43 COSMO-SkyMed November 2008 September 2011 Palermo Palermo: urban area Monreale Misilmeri Piana degli Albanesi

44 PS density Envisat vs COSMO-SkyMed Palermo Palermo: City hall Palermo: harbor Palermo: airport

45 PS density Envisat vs COSMO-SkyMed Detail City hall

46 PS density Envisat vs COSMO-SkyMed Detail harbor

47 PS density Envisat vs COSMO-SkyMed Detail airport

48 PS density Envisat vs COSMO-SkyMed Monreale

49 PS density Envisat vs COSMO-SkyMed Misilmeru

50 PS density Envisat vs COSMO-SkyMed Monreale

51 PS density Envisat vs COSMO-SkyMed Monreale

52 National Geoportal: data access E-GEOS Conference May, Rome (Italy)

53 National Geoportal PST-A products and data are published on the National Geoportal, making their use a v a i l a b l e t o a l l p u b l i c administrations, both central and local, including research institutes and university but also private citizen. Catalog of all existing data Interoperability of data and services Networking availability Data sharing between different level of public administrations Adaptation of services and metadata according to the guidelines of the European Directive INSPIRE 2007/2/CE, enforced by the decree of Law 27 E-GEOS Conference May, Rome (Italy)

54 National Geoportal Cartography data base at national level Orthophotos B/W (years 89-90, 94-96) Orthophotos Colour (yearsi 98-00, 03-05, 06-08) IGM cartography (1: , 1: , 1:25.000) DTM (75 m, 40 m, 20 m) Landslides inventory PAI (up-dated 2010) Toponyms Administrative boundaries 2011 Road and rail network Hydrographic network (1: , 1:25.000) River basins Land use Natura 2000 (SIC, ZPS) EUAP, RAMSAR, IBA E-GEOS Conference May, Rome (Italy)

55 National Geoportal ERS and Envisat PS data E-GEOS Conference May, Rome (Italy)

56 How to access PST-A data Public Body MoU MATTM E-GEOS Conference May, Rome (Italy) 56

57 Requests of Ps data ADB ADB ADB REGIONI REGIONS REGIONI NIVERSITA'.549,93 Kmq UNIVERSITA' UNIVERSITY ,93 Kmq kmq ADB ,00 Kmq ADB ,00 Kmq PROVINCE PROVINCES PROVINCE COMUNI MUNICIPALITIES COMUNI UNIVERSITA' UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITA' MUNICIPALITIES COMUNI ,89 Kmq ,09 kmq PROVINCE PROVINCES ,24 Kmq ,24 kmq REGIONS REGIONI , ,00 kmq Kmq q PROVINCE ,24 Kmq REGIONI ,00 Kmq Total surface = ,76 Kmq E-GEOS Conference May, Rome (Italy) 57

58 Access to National Geoportal The National Geoportal recorded an average of 20,000 accesses per week Since 2007, more than 5 millions of map services were be consulted on the NG Number of accesses and users in the last week Accesses Users E-GEOS Conference May, Rome (Italy)

59 Directive Floods 2007/06/CE Updates every 6 years Risk management plan Danger and risk maps Reduce the negative consequences for human health, land, property, environment, cultural heritage, economic and social activity provided by floods Preliminary assessment 2011 The Decree of Law No. 49 of 23 February 2010, implementing Directive 2007/60/EC on the assessment and management of flood risks, identifies the National Geoportal as the access point to the preliminary assessment, the flood risk and hazard maps and risk management plans prepared by the district authorities of the basin. E-GEOS Conference May, Rome (Italy) 59

60 Development the Ordinary Plan of Environmental Remote Sensing POT-A Completion of LiDAR acquisitions on the whole national territory in order to produce DTM and DSM Bathymetric LIDAR acquisition for the entire coastline and integration with topographic LiDAR data for a proper defense of the Coast Defining a standard methodology for databases utilization for the purposes of the definition of hydrogeologic hazard and risk Acquisition of a new national-scale color orthophotos covering from 2010 Cover the national territory with COSMO-SkyMed data E-GEOS Conference May, Rome (Italy)

61 Thanks for your attention E-GEOS Conference May, Rome (Italy)