URBAN SECURITY & POLICING

Transcription

1 URBAN SECURITY & POLICING An Indian Perspective Pronab Mohanty IPS Joint Commissioner Police Bangalore City 1

2 What is Urban? Where to Draw the Line? Should Criteria be Population Alone? Degrees of Urban ness Rural. Semi-Urban. Town/City. Mega City/ Megapolis. 2

3 An Emerging Concept Policing: A Unified Concept Urban Policing; An Offshoot of Rapid Urbanization. More Than 60% of Indian Population Expected to be in Cities by 2050*. Traditional Policing Techniques not Effective. * Estimates by Census of India

4 Distinctive Features Volume of Crime. Quick Dissemination of Information. (Media Exposure, Other Oversight Mechanisms) Nature of Crime Greater Frequency Property Related Offences Higher Proportion of Violent Incidents Social and Economic Dynamics. Traffic and Vehicular Movement. 4

5 A Quick Comparison MURDER ROBBERIES, MUGGINGS BURGLARIES VEHICLE THEFTS KARNATAKA BANGALORE CITY PERCENTAGE (Approx.) 12% 35% 20% 60% 5

6 Crimes Unique to Urban Milieu White Collar Offences. Underworld/ Mafia Related Crimes. Terror Related Offences. Inter Religious/ Inter Ethnic. Drugs. Human Trafficking. Cyber Crimes. 6

7 Four Major Components Command and Control Response URBAN SECURITY Effective Surveillance Infrastructure Security 7

8 Command and Control Centralized Structure with Nodes. Mobile Wireless Units. Patrol Vans with Wireless and GIS Based Tracking Systems. Strict Reporting Protocol. Continuous Monitoring and Feedback. 8

9 Four Major Components Command and Control Response URBAN SECURITY Effective Surveillance Infrastructure Security 9

10 Effective Surveillance Correct mix of Tech-Int and Hum-Int. Predominantly dependent on Hum-Int. Gradually, Tech-Int gaining importance. 10

11 Tech Int Tools Night Vision Devices. GPS/GIS. Dial 100 System (Emergency Protocols). Patrol Cars and Motorcycles. Surveillance Camera and CCTV Systems. Security Equipment e.g. Portable X-Ray Machines, Vehicle Scanners, Biometrics. Vehicle Number Plate Identification Systems. Communication Monitoring Systems. Integrated GIS Based Automated Vehicle Tracking Systems. Management Information System (MIS and DSS). 11

12 Four Major Components Command and Control Response URBAN SECURITY Effective Surveillance Infrastructure Security 12

13 Infrastructure Security Critical and Non Critical. Dedicated Security Systems. Industrial Security Forces. Cyber/ Information Security. 13

14 Information / Cyber Security Evolving Threat. Ubiquity of Computers, Laptops, Tablets Omnipresence of the Net, Social Networks. Smartphones. How should the Cyber Space be Policed? Cyber Crimes and Cyber Enabled Crimes. Intrusive or Non Intrusive. 14

15 Four Major Components Command and Control Response URBAN SECURITY Effective Surveillance Infrastructure Security 15

16 Response Varies According to Need. Quick Response Teams (QRTs) to tackle Terror and Mafia Related Incidents. Crime response Units (CRUs) for Major Crimes. Mobile Forensic and Fingerprinting Units for Crimes. Traffic Response Systems for Traffic Related Incidents. Quick Reaction Teams for Major Fire and Other Mishaps. 16

17 Response Centralized Control Rooms and Nodes. Single Dial Systems. Child Helpline. Traffic Helpline. Facebook and Other Social Media. Interactive. 17

18 New Tools and Techniques Decision Support Systems and MIS (CCTNS)* Mobile Device Tracking Techniques. Cyber Crime Detection and Forensics. DNA Forensics. Camera and Audio/Video Forensics. * Crime and Criminal Tracking Network & Systems. 18

19 Community Policing. Neighborhood Policing. Social Policing. Urban Policing Not Pure Enforcement Police-Public/ NGO Partnerships Victim Centric Approach. Accent on Prevention. 19

20 Challenges Increasing Crime Rates. Scarcity of Personnel and Resources. Cost Burden. Availability of Trained Manpower. Motivation and Incentives. Human/ Civil Rights Approach Iron Fisted/ Zero Tolerance. Temperate. 20

21 And More Challenges What Should be the Focus? Quantity vs. Quality. Questions on Deployment. Should there be an emphasis on Specialization? Investigation Protocols : Strict or Flexible? Public Relations, Media Management. 21

22 Focus Anti Terror. Anti Mafia (Land Grabbers, Extortion Rackets ) Conventional Crimes. Protection of the Disadvantaged. Child Protection. Elderly Citizens.

23 And More Challenges What Should be the Focus? Quantity vs. Quality. Questions on Deployment. Should there be an emphasis on Specialization? Investigation Protocols : Strict or Flexible? Public Relations, Media Management. 23

24 Questions 24

25 Thank You 25