Introduction to Japan Japan s Smart Community Community

Transcription

1 Introduction to Japan s Smart Community Tatsuya Shinkawa Chief Representative Representative Office in Washington, DC New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO), Japan shinkawatty@nedo.go.jp

2 What is NEDO? Japan s public R&D management Organization Promoting R&D in the industrial, energy and environmental technologies. Established on October 1, 1980 Chairman: Mr. Seiji Murata Personnel: About 1,000 Budget: Approximately $2.4B 1

3 Japan s Electricity System Outline 10 Vertical Integrated Power Company and PPSs The market for high voltage customers (over 50kW) was deregulated. Frequency West: 60Hz East: 50Hz Voltage Hokkaido(peak demand: about 5.7 GW) is connected by DC line. Main grid: mainly 500kV (Some of them designed for 1,000kV) Distribution line: mainly 6.6kV 6kV Household: 100V/200V 2

4 Japan s Current Electricity System 1 Generation Japan s total generation capacity is 276 GW(2007). US Russia UK Germany Canada 1,087 GW 224 GW 83 GW 115 GW 124 GW Japan s Total Capacity France Italy Sweden China Japan GW 94 GW 34 GW 624 GW 276 GW GW World 3 rd largest in total capacity! Japan experienced the sky rocketing electricity demand growth from the 1960s to 1990s

5 Japan s Current Electricity System 2 The system is not only large. Japan has worked to meet 3E Energy Security, Economy and Environment. Strives to achieve the Best Mix Utilities Generation Structure Trend in Japan [GWh] 100% [163.0] [414.0] [584.0] [901.8] [991.5] [77.7] % 4 10 [249.9] Renewable 60% 28 [280.3] Hydro Coal 13 40% LNG Oil 31 [118.4] 20% Nuclear [258.1] 0% fy 1975fy 1985fy 1998fy 2008fy 4

6 Japan s Current Electricity System 3 Transmission and Distribution (%) 10 World class performance High Efficiency and High Reliability Loss in Transmission and Distribution Average Outage Time for each customer minuets/(customer x year) USA UK Germany 7 Canada France 6 Italy Japan France Germany 200 UK USA Japan 150 Korea Italy 100 Spain Sweden Austrarila 50 OECD Average

7 Japan s Current Electricity System 4 Transmission and Distribution Average Outage Time was 701 min in It was improved to about 10 min in

8 Next Step for Japan 1 In August 2009, then Prime Minister Aso announced a 15% reduction target for GHG from 2005 to PV installed to 28GW in 2020(About 20 times higher than 2005). The former goal was 14GW in 2020 (About 10 times higher than 2005). For residential use: About 5.3 million houses 28 GW (7 million kl) About 20 times higher than in GW (3.5 million kl) Technological Development of the system is necessary About 10 times higher than in 2005 Doubling Start in buyback system For residential use: About 320,000 houses 1.4 GW (350,000 kl) Houses: About 80% Non houses: About 20% 2005 Re start ofsubsidy for residential photovoltaic generation 2020 Houses: about 70% Non houses: about 30% 7

9 Next Step for Japan 2 In September 2009, then Prime Minister i Hatoyama announced a 25% reduction target for GHG from 1990 to 2030 (depending on widespread global acceptance). In June 2010, the Strategic Energy Plan in Japan was revised. Targets for 2030 ()D (a) Double the energy self sufficiency ffi i ratio in energy supply and the selfdeveloped fossil fuel supply ratio, and as a result raise the energy independence ratio from current 38% to about 70% (b) Raise Ri the zero emission i power source percentage from current 34% to about 70% (c) Cut by half the CO2 emissions from the residential sector (d) Maintain and enhance energy efficiency in the industrial sector at the highest level in the world. (e) Maintain or obtain a large share of global markets for energy related products and systems 8

10 Next Step for Japan 3 Reference estimation of the Strategic Energy Plan of Japan Zero emission power sources will become approx. 70% (34% currently). (GW) 350 Breakdown of Generation Capacity (TWh) 1200 Breakdown of Generated Electricity Total Renewable energy, etc 50.14(21%) Nuclear power 49.47(20%) Total Renewable energy, etc Nuclear power Aprrox. 40% Aprrox. 20% 1000 Zero emission power source 34% 800 Total Renewable energy, etc 88.4(9%) Nuclear power 263.8(26%) 600 LNG 282.2(28%) Zero emission power source approx. 70% Total Renewable energy, etc Aprrox. 20% Nuclear power Aprrox. 50% LNG 57.61(24%) Coal 37.47(16%) Petroleum, etc 46.92(19%) LNG Coal Petroleum, etc Fical 2007 In 2030 Aprrox. 20% Aprrox. 10% Aprrox. 10% Coal 260.5(25%) LNG Aprrox. 10% Petroleum, etc 135.6(13%) Coal Aprrox. 10% Petroleum, etc 20.5 Fical 2007 In

11 Renewable Energy Promotion Policy Buyback program was started in (at yen/kwh) Only for excess electricity from renewable. National RPS was started in Subsidy for residential PV was re started in (70,000 yen/kw) Buyback program was doubled in November 2009 (48 yen/kwh). Extension of the buyback program to all renewable electricity it is under consideration at METI. 10

12 Challenge of a Smart Community Targets Improve the quality of life both in Japan and world wide Establish a new social system to reduce CO 2 emissions through large amounts of renewables and highly efficient energy usage. Challenges Improve electric grid performance for the large amounts of renewables Enhance communications between power suppliers Etblih Establish services to respond to various demand side d needs The key solution: Smart Grid Technologies. When established, tblihdth the Smart Community should ldfacilitate t the effective use of electricity and heat energy. 11

13 Smart Community of the Future Smart community is a key to realizing a new social system world wide. It include not only electricity supply system, but also gas supply system, transportation system, water supply system, hot water supply system, etc. The benefits of the development of Smart community are: Introduce large amounts of renewable energy Facilitate greater energy conservation and improve life conveniences Etblih Establish more reliable information networks Dissemination of EVs Creation of jobs and new services 12

14 Concepts of Smart Community Main Grid Wind Power Mega Solar Construct an energy system which is mutually beneficial for main grid operator and regional energy management provider. Zero Emission Buildings Connect BEMS with regional EMS. Na-S Battery Enable better use of heat in addition to electricity. Biogas GE Cogeneration Regional Energy Management Provider Energy Management System Information Network GE Solar Power Wind Power Storage Battery Wasted Heat Solar Power Construct charging stations for EVs. EVs and PHEVs New-generation Gas Station Utilize IT for peak cuts. Smart House Home Storage Battery Smart Meter: Visualization of home energy use and demand control 13

15 Japan Smart Community Alliance The Japan Smart Community Alliance (JSCA) is apublic-private i organization founded in April There were 504 members of JSCA as of Nov Development of planning roadmaps Contribution to international standardization and intentional development Strengthening public-private collaboration Utilities Developers Manufacturers Institutions 14

16 Japan s Next generation Energy Society Goal for 2030 Homes Smart life with high QOL PV HEMS Remote control of home electrical appliances Security, fire prevention and fault detection systems QOL enhancement services Solar heat collector Local area combined heat and power system Utilization of waste heat from waste incineration plants Offices Enjoy nature, even in the cities Utilization of renewable energy ZEB HP water heaters EV Comfortable office space with natural light and controlled HVAC Plant factory in a building Waste utilization Modal Shift Industrial zones as power production areas Transportation LRT EV sharing Rail cars with batteries Electricity assisted wheelchairs Modal shift by EV, PHEV, FCV Industry Large scale PV on roofs of factories and tanks Utilization of waste heat by HP technologies Heat and power transmission to cities Source: The 8 th Conference on Next-generation Energy and Social System 15

17 Verification of Grid Stabilization with Large scale PV Power Generation Systems (FY2006 FY2010) Wkk Wakkanai site Tokyo Wakkanai site 5 MW: Most PV cells are crystalline. NaS battery: 1500 kw 7.2hrs Hokuto site Hokuto site 1.8 MW: 27 types of PVs Technology development to reduce voltage fluctuation with battery Development of a new inverter suitable for megasolar plant Testing various types of PV modules 16

18 Demonstrative Project on Grid interconnection interconnection of Clustered PV Power Generation Systems (FY2002 FY2007) Ota City Demonstration Site Development of a new inverter to detect islanding Number of PV equipped dhouses: 553 Total PV capacity: 2,129 kw Average capacity per house: 3.85 kw Development of battery storage operation and network voltage control Development of simulation technologies 17

19 Large scale Demonstration Projects in Japan Kyoto Keihanna District Yokohama City (Yokohama City, Toshiba, Panasonic, (Kyoto Prefecture, Kansai Electric Power, Osaka Gas Kansai Meidensha, Science City, Kyoto University) Nissan, Accenture, others) CO2 emissions: i Residential: i 20% CO2 emissions: Transportation: 30% (from 2005) 30% by 2025 (from 2004) Install PV on 1,000 homes, EV car sharing system Energy management system that Management of grid connected PV and fuel cells in houses integrates HEMS, BEMS, EV and buildings (visualization ofdemand) PV(27,000 kw) Grant Kyoto eco points for green energy usage Use of heat and unused energy 4,000 smart houses, 2,000 EVs Kitakyushu City (Kitakyushu City, Fuji Electric Systems, GE, IBM, Nippon Steel) CO2 emissions: 50% (from 2005) Real time management of 70 companies and 200 houses Energy management using HEMS, BEMS Energy system that coordinates demand side management with overall power system Toyota City (Toyota City. Toyota Motor, Chubu Electric Power, Toho Gas, Toshiba, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Denso, Sharp, Fujitsu, Dream Incubator, etc.) CO2 emissions: Residential 20% Transportation: 40% Use of heat and unused energy in addition to electricity Demand response at more than 70 homes 3,100 EV, V to H and V to G 18

20 Outline of Japan-New Mexico Smart Grid Demonstration Research will be carried out at five sites in the State of New Mexico. NEDO will participate in research in Los Alamos and Albuquerque as well as collective research on the overall project. 19

21 NEDO s International Projects <Spain> 1 CDTI(Smart Grids, EV) <England> 1 DECC (Smart Grids) Europe <EC> 1 DGR(PV) <France> 1 ADEME(Smart Grids, ZEB) 2 OSEO(Green Chemistry etc) <Germany> 1 BMU, BMWi(Smart Grids, EV) 2 BMBF(Battery) 3 NOW(Fuel Cells) <Swiss> 1 OPET(Industrial technologies) India <China> 1 Gongqing Cheng <NDRC, National Energy Administration, Jiangxi>(Smart Grids) 2 Beijing< National Energy Administration, The Chinese Academy of Sciences >(Smart Grids) 3 Shanghai< The Chinese Academy of Sciences >(ZEB) 4 Beijing<NDRC>(ITS) China December 2010 NEDO <USA> 1 NM(Smart Grid) 2 Hawaii Okinawa(ZEB, Smart Grids) 3 NY (ZEB etc) 4 National Laboratory(Energy Conservation Buildings, Battery, Fuel Cells etc) <Worldwide> 1 World Bank(Cooperation projects) United States Middle East, North Africa <Tunisia> 1 Min. of Industry & Technology(Solar energy) <Turkey> 1 Min. of Energy & Natural Resources(ZEB, mini i hydro etc) <Saudi Arabia > < Morocco > 1 1 Min. of Energy, Mines, Water & Environment (Solar energy) <UAE> 1 Ras al-khaimah (Water) 2 MASDAR(Solar cooling) Ministry of Commerce and Industry(Wate r) <Worldwide> 1 IRENA(Enforcement of Asian function, Cooperation projects) Southeast Asia <Australia> 1 QLD state (Water) <India> 1 DMIC(Solar power, Smart Grids) Australia <Myanmar> 1 Min. of Agriculture and Irrigation (rice husk) <Cambodia> 1 Min. of Industry, Mines, & Energy(Agriculture recourses) <Thailand> 1 Min. of Industry(Pinch Technology, Eco-town) <Vietnam> 1 MONRE(Waste) 2 MOIT(Smart Industrial Park) <Malaysia> 1 Min. of Energy, Green Technology, & Water(Smart Grids) <Singapore> 1 NRF,EDB(ZEB, Smart Grids, Water, Cooperation in Third Countries) <Indonesia> 1 Min. of Energy & Mineral Resources(Smart Industrial Park)

22 Example: Collaboration in India Advanced Micro grid System Cooperating with a High Performance Solar Power Plant in an Industrial Park 21

23 Conclusion Japan had already achieved an advanced electricity gird. Based on this advanced electricity grid, Japan would like to introduce the large amounts of renewables and establish the Smart Community. It is important to further develop and demonstrate smart community related technologies in a real environment. Public private sector cooperation across various industries is necessary to establish smart communities. Japan is pleased to share our experience. To realize smart communities around the world, it is crucial to facilitate international deployment activities and strengthen collaboration with overseas organizations. 22

24 Thank you!