Course Content Basic anatomy of farm animals, laboratory animals and poultry, with emphasis on digestive

Transcription

1 Course: Course: ANP 301 Anatomy and Physiology of Farm Animals (2credits-Compulsory) Course Duration: Two hours of lectures and 3hours of practicals per week for 15weeks. As taught in 2009/2010 session. Lecturers: 1. Adeyina, A. O. PhD Animal Production (Ilorin), M.Sc. Animal Production (Ilorin) B.Agic (Ilorin), PDC (Ilorin), Int.Dip. Animal Feed (Barneveld) Department of Animal Production Location: Animal Production Departmental Building, Room 4 Consultation Hours: 12noon -2.00pm (Tuesdays and Thursdays) 2. Olatunde, O.A MPVM. Preventive Med (Ibadan),DVM. Veterinary medicine (Zaria) Department of Animal Production [email protected]. Location: Animal Production Departmental (Extension) Building, Room 2 Consultation Hours: 12noon -2.00pm (Tuesdays and Thursdays) Course Content Basic anatomy of farm animals, laboratory animals and poultry, with emphasis on digestive and reproductive tracts. Physiological basis for growth and development, lactation and milk letdown, egg production, water balance, nervous and hormonal systems, temperature regulation in farm animals. Course This course is designed to introduce the students to detailed microscopic anatomy farm animals, anatomical differences as it relates to the systems and variation effects of these differences. Course Justification Farm animals, laboratory animals and poultry are diverse in nature; their anatomy and physiology gives a better understanding to the management of the animal for a higher productivity and performance.

2 Course The objectives of this course include 1. to identify the different farm animals, lab animals and poultry 2. to describe the basic anatomical and physiological differences of these animals 3. to understand the basis for these differences and to explain how the differences and similarities of the animals can be utilized in management of the farm animals. Course Requirements Apart from normal attendance of classes, students will be expected to read widely so as to be able to participate and also attempt short class quiz during normal lecture hours. Students would also be engaged in practical sessions. Students would also be expected to submit a term paper on assigned topics. Students are expected to attend75% of the classes before they can sit for the examination. All students will have accounts. It is compulsory for all students to contribute to the online discussion group and to submit their assignments in word processed form. Methods of Grading S/N Component Score 1 Test 15 3 Quizzes 5 4 Practical/Farm Visits 10 5 Final Examination 70 6 Total 100 Course Delivery Strategies Face-to-face lectures will be the major method of course delivery. Students will be assigned into groups and will be expected to present group work in class on various topics. An online discussion group would be available to all students of the course to exchange ideas. Lecture Content Week 1-2: Basic definitions and explanations of different field of anatomy and physiology Objective: To expound on the concepts of anatomy and physiology and their application. The course outline will be introduced with emphasis on the objectives and delivery strategies the definition and scope of animal anatomy and physiology. 1. Define anatomy and physiology. 2. Discuss the importance of anatomy and physiology in farm animals. 3. Differentiate between the fields of anatomy and physiology. 4. Discuss the trend in anatomy and physiology of farm animals. 5. What is the current approach to the study of anatomy?

3 1. Fradson R.D (1986) Anatomy and Physiology of Farm Animals. Fouth edition. Lea and Febiger Publisher. USA 2. Wood C et al (2000). Ultrasound-guided soft catheter embryo transfer will improve pregnancy rates in in-vitro fertilization. Animal reproduction, 15, Reproductive system, animal-wikipedia Free Encyclopedia. Available at: cycle 4. Puberty, sexual maturity-wikipedia Free Encyclopedia 3. Available at: 5. Osinowo, O.A(2006) Introduction to animal reproduction Sophic Academic Services, Abeokuta, Nigeria. Week 3-4: Descriptive terms used in animal anatomy To enable the students understand the language used in anatomical studies as it relates with farm animals. Various names and meanings as it relates with farm animals, the relative anatomical positions of animal body parts will be discussed Study Questions 1. What is median plane? 2. Describe the word cranial. 3. Differentiate between median and saggital planes. 4. Differentiate between transverse and frontal planes. 5. Give two examples of applied anatomical terms. 1. Susan M (2004).Science News. 166:12. Pg Hafez E.S.E (1975) Reproduction in farm animals 3rd Edition. USA:Lea and Febiger Publishing, pp Gamates-Wikipedia Free Encyclopedia 3. Available at: 4 Austin, C.R and Short, R.V (1990) Reproduction in mammals Book one. Germ cells and fertilization. Cambridge University Press. 5. Lamming G.E(1990) Marshall s physiology of reproduction. 4 th edition. Volumes 1 and 2. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh. Week 5: Physiological basis for growth and development The objective of this lecture is to explain to students how growth is achieved in farm animals Growth and the factors responsible for growth will be discussed, structural organization of animals, including cell, tissue, organ and multi-organ systems will be explained. Different types of growth relating to cell multiplication will also be discussed. Study Questions 1. Define growth. 2. Differentiate between body growth and population growth.

4 3. Define development in farm animals. 4. What is morphogenesis. 5. Describe the term atrophy. 1. Animal reproduction-wikipedia Free Encyclopedia 3. Available at: reproduction. 2. Austin, C.R and Short, R.V. (1990). Reproduction in mammals 2 nd edition. Book three. Hormonal control of reproduction. Cambridge University Press. 3. John, W.F. (1997). Applied animal reproduction 2 nd edition P.T Cupps academic press. 4. Johnson, L. (1991). Reproduction in domestic animals 4 th edition P.T Cupps academic press Weeks 6: Primary tissue and physiological elements : To identify various body tissues of farm animals. Various types of tissue, their classification, examples and locations within the body system of farm animals would be explained.. 1. List the primary tissues. 2. Differentiate between simple and stratified epithelium. 3. Describe the characteristics of nervous and muscle tissue. 4. What are the physiological elements of connective tissue? 5. Give example of body locations of stratified epithelium. 1. Feucett, D.W. (1979). The cell biology of gamatogenesis in the male. Boil. Med. 22: Osinowo O.A. (2006) Introduction to Animal Reproduction. Sophic Academic Services, Abeokuta, Nigeria. 3. Frandson, R.D. (1986).Anatomy and Physiology of Farm Animals 4 th edition Lea and Febiger Philadelphia, USA. Week 7: Digestive systems of farm animals : To recognize different digestive systems of farm animals and poultry. Digestive system of monogastric and ruminant animals would be discussed. The modifications in associated organs would also be explained. 1. Differentiate between simple stomached and ruminant animals. 2. List the distinguishing features in the long intestines of rabbit and poultry. 3. Explain the exocrine function of the pancreas. 4. List the associated organs of the digestive system. 5. Discuss the distinguishing features of chicken intestines.

5 1. John. W. (1984) Calf husbandry, health and welfare. Granada Publishing, Great Britain. 2. Wani, G.M. and Sahni, K.L. (1980).An ultrasonic technique for detection of pregnancy in Sheep and Goats. Vet. Research Journal 2(1) Wood et al. (2000). Ultrasound-guided soft catheter embryo transfer will improve pregnancy rates in in-vitro fertilization. Animal Reproduction, 15, Week 8-9: Reproductive system (tract) of farm animals The main objective is to explain to students the reproductive systems of different farm animals Reproductive systems of monogastric animals (poultry) and ruminant animals would be explained. Structures of the male and female organs will also be discussed. The process of egg lay down in poultry will be explained. 1. With the aid of a diagram, discuss egg lay down in poultry. 2. List the associated organs of the reproductive system in female animals. 3. List the relevant hormones in reproduction. 4. Write short notes on the ovary. 5. Explain the term urinogenital. 1.Chauhan, R.S. and Agarwal, D.K. (2006).Textbook of Veterinary Clinical and Laboratory Diagnosis. 2 nd edition.jaypee Brothers, New Delhi, India. 2 Foetal development-wikipedia Free Encyclopedia 3.Available at: development. 3.Hafez, E.S.E. (1975) Reproduction in Farm Animals. 3 rd edition. Lea and Febiger, USA 4. Austin, C.R. and Short, R.V. (1990). Reproduction in mammals. Book two, 2 nd edition. Embryonic and foetal development. Cambridge University Press. Weeks 10-11: Water balance in farm animals : To understand the importance of water regulation in farm animals. Osmotic and acid water regulation in farm animals, ionic concentration of body fluid, homeostasis and effect of evaporation in farm animals would be discussed. 1. Explain briefly the response of animals to salt deprivation. 2. What is homeostasis? 3. Briefly explain the term osmosis. 4. Discuss water balance maintenance. 1.Bedford, J.M. (1983). Significance of the need for sperm Capacitation before fertilization in eutherian mammals. Biol. Report, 28:108

6 2. Austin, C.R and Short R.V.(1990) Reproduction in mammals. 2 nd edition. Book one, Germ cells and fertilization. Cambridge University Press. 3.Agarwal et al. (2004) Role of Antioxidant in treatment of male Infertility. An overview of the literature. Reproductive Biomedicine Online. 8: Weeks 12 and 13: Nervous system To understand the basic anatomy and physiology of the nervous system. Organization of the nervous system, histology of the nervous system and basic understanding of the Central Nervous System. Study questions 1. What is the basic unit of the nervous system? 2. Differentiate between dendrite and axon. 3. What is the relevance of cell bodies in nervous system? Assignment Discuss your assigned term paper topics in anatomy and physiology. Submission date: Week Bearden, H.J. and Fuquay, J.W. (1997). Applied Animal Reproduction. 4 th edition. Simon and Schuster Company. Upper Saddle River, USA 2. Austin, C.R. and Short, S.V. (1990). Reproduction in Mammals, 2 nd edition. Manipulating reproduction. Book 5 Cambridge University Press. 3. Hafez, E.S.E. (1975). Reproduction in Farm Animals. Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia, USA 4Osinowo, O.A(2006).Introduction to Animal Reproduction. Sophic Academic Services, Abeokuta, Nigeria. Week 14: Hormonal system To understand the importance of hormones in farm animals. Approach to the study of hormones, area of endocrine control and brain control of endocrine function would be discussed. Study questions 1. Discuss briefly steroid hormones. 2. Explain protein and growth hormones. 1. Bearden, H.J. and Fuquay, J.W. (1997).Applied animal reproduction.4 th edition. Simon and Schuster Company, Upper Saddle River, USA. 2. Hafez, E.S.E. (1975) Reproduction in Farm Animals. 3 rd edition. Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia, USA. 3.Chauhan, R.S. and Agarwal, D.K. (2006). Textbook of Veterinary Clinical and Laboratory Diagnosis. 2 nd edition. Jaypee Brothers, New Delhi, India.

7 Week 15: Revision Students would be expected to seek explanation on any difficult concept or topic encountered during the course. They are expected to appreciate the integration of the various topics treated in the course as a complete package. Study questions 1. What is homeostasis? 2. Describe the functional roles of rumen. 3. Describe briefly the process of milk let down 4. State any 4 functions of epithelium 5. Differentiate between body growth and population growth. 6. Discuss any 5 factors affecting semen output. 7. State any 4 functions of digestive system. 8. State and discuss the teeth classification. 9. Discuss the distinguishing features of chicken intestines 10. What are the physiological elements of connective tissue? 1.Chauhan, R.S and Agarwal, D.K(2006). Textbook of Veterinary Clinical and Laboratory Diagnosis. 2 nd edition. Jaypee Brothers, New Delhi, India. 2. Osinowo, O.A (2006) Introduction to Animal Reproduction. Sophic Academic Services Abeokuta, Nigeria. 3. Fraandson, R.D(1986). Anatomy and Physiology of Farm Animal. 4 th edition. Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia, USA 4. Bearden, H.J and Fuquay(1997). Applied Animal Reproduction. 4 th edition.simon and Schuster Company. Upper Saddle River, USA 5. Hafez, E.S.E(1975). Reproduction in Farm Animals. 3 rd edition. Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia, USA. 6. Lamming, G.E (1990) Marshall s Physiology of Reproduction, 4 th edition, 1990.Volumes 1 &2 Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh. 7. Austin, C.R and Short, R.V(1990). 2 nd edition. Book 1-5. Cambridge University Press. 8 Leeson and Leeson.Histology 3 rd Edition Locations of References 1- Available in the University Library 2- Available in local bookshops 3- Available on the Web. 4- Personal collection 5- Departmental libraries