colony, overseas department or commonwealth BACKGROUND

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1 United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine Greater Caribbean Safeguarding Initiative Strategic Plan FY2009 FY2013 The Greater Caribbean Safeguarding Initiative (GCSI) provides the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS), Plant Protection and Quarantine (PPQ), and its partners in the Greater Caribbean Region (GCR), the opportunity to establish a perimeter defense against the introduction of high risk plant pests into the GCR through collaborative efforts to harmonize quarantines, exclusion strategies and other safeguarding initiatives before they reach the borders of our nations. BACKGROUND In a 1999 Stakeholder Review of the APHIS-PPQ Safeguarding System, Safeguarding American Plant Resources, the review identified need to harmonize pest exclusion strategies between countries, especially as countries continue to develop international standards on a regional basis. In the context of the review, regionalization refers to the harmonization of quarantines, exclusion strategies, and other safeguarding initiatives among countries in geographic proximity to one another. Regionalization offers the promise of greater efficiency and shared success at excluding and managing invasive species, while facilitating a lively regional economy. The review recommended that a longer term initiative be developed that included the plans for export of exclusion and detection capabilities and specific pest and disease suppression activities, to apply the perimeter approach. Additionally, the review cited that pest mitigation at the point of origin, i.e. offshore, is the most viable approach to pest exclusion and mitigation. Necessary and associated activities include the identification of invasive plant pest and disease threats, development of preventative and control measures, and directed research with a mutual benefit to be received by the U.S. and the country of origin. In January 2006, PPQ designated an Offshore Initiatives Coordinator in Florida (FL) for the Caribbean Safeguarding Initiative (CSI) pilot program. The goal of the pilot program was to bring coordination to PPQ FL s efforts and initiatives of targeting and reducing the risk of plant pests establishing in the United States through the FL pathway. The focus of the pilot program centered on projects and activities of interest and concern to FL. One major accomplishment was the establishment of a diverse and collaborative network that provides the foundation for the future of this program. In July 2008, CSI was converted from a pilot program in FL into the GCSI, a national program coordinated by PPQ headquarters in Maryland. Within APHIS, the permanent program provides overall coordination and strategy development of offshore safeguarding initiatives and activities in the GCR. The conversion was intended to refocus the mission of the initiative and redesign the program to enhance alignment with the APHIS national mission and goals. The redesign will seek to strengthen APHIS partnership with countries 1 in the GCR for the on-going regional development of offshore pest detection and control activities, for the benefit of the GCR. The 1 Any reference to countries in this document is understood to also include other geographical entity, i.e., territory, colony, overseas department or commonwealth 1

2 scope of the program has been broadened to include a perimeter approach that will strive to prevent the introduction and spread of high risk plant pests into the GCR, including the United States, through collaborative efforts to harmonize quarantines, exclusion strategies and other safeguarding initiatives among partners in the GCR. For the scope of the GCSI program, the GCR is defined to include the Caribbean islands, portions of South America (Venezuela, Suriname, Guyana, and French Guiana) Central America, Panama and the United States: FL, Puerto Rico (PR) & U.S. Virgin Islands (USVI). PARTNERSHIPS The key to success for the GCSI program will be the strength of its partnerships in the GCR. It is essential to increase collaboration, coordination and outreach with strategic partners in the GCR. It is also essential to strengthen the collaboration and communication within APHIS, as well as with other external agencies and stakeholders. The GCSI Communications and Outreach Plan outlines further detail regarding the collaborations both internal and external to APHIS. Although the GCSI program involves communication and outreach with many stakeholders in the GCR, including international and regional organizations, research institutions, associations, civil society and industry, a basic assumption is that the primary contact and partnership will be with the National Plant Protection Organizations (NPPOs) in the GCR. GCSI will meet with the NPPOs, both individually and collectively, to explore potential cooperation and collaboration to identify strategies for partnerships and coordinated regional safeguarding, and to gain their input and observations during the planning process. All GCSI activities will actively seek coordination and collaborative involvement by the NPPO of each respective country in the GCR. Federal and State plant health regulatory agencies within FL, and their collaborators, will continue to play a vital role in this program. For the continuation of coordinated efforts within FL, there will be a FL GCSI Program Manager based in the greater Miami area. To support the GCSI program, the primary focus of this position is to provide coordination and communication among the various collaborators within the State of FL, PPQ s Eastern Region, and PPQ Headquarters for the purpose of strengthening pest exclusion and agricultural quarantine inspection activities in FL and the Eastern Region. SUSTAINABILITY Training and capacity building will be strategically incorporated, as needed, to build upon the framework of successful initiatives. The GCSI program will strive to be creative, innovative and strategic in its approaches toward addressing the goals and challenges identified in this strategic plan. Part of the process for designing and approving each GCSI activity will be to ensure that it is considered necessary, feasible, transferrable and sustainable. Periodically while a project is underway, it will be evaluated by the GCSI program to determine successes and identify challenges to be overcome. 2

3 United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine Greater Caribbean Safeguarding Initiative Strategic Plan FY2009 FY2013 PPQ Mission APHIS-PPQ safeguards agriculture and natural resources from the risks associated with the entry, establishment, or spread of animal and plant pests and noxious weeds. Fulfillment of its safeguarding role ensures an abundant, high quality, and varied food supply, strengthens the marketability of U.S. agriculture in domestic and international commerce, and contributes to the preservation of the global environment. GCSI Mission To strengthen the safeguarding system in the Greater Caribbean Region by establishing partnerships with countries in the GCR to prevent, detect, and control existing and emerging plant pest threats. GCSI Vision The Greater Caribbean Safeguarding Initiative collaboratively builds and maintains a robust perimeter safeguarding system through the creation of a partnership network that actively works to prevent the introduction and control the spread of exotic plant pests of mutual interest into and within the Greater Caribbean Region, including the United States. Values Dedicated Public Service: GCSI is committed to serving the needs of the agricultural industries, key stakeholders and civil society and is committed to the critical role that we play in safeguarding our nations agriculture and natural resources from the risks associated with plant pests and diseases. Innovation: GCSI creatively approaches the challenges we face and applies forward thinking to develop effective and efficient strategies to meet short term needs, and ensure long term sustainability. Collaboration: GCSI works respectfully and in partnership with our internal and external stakeholders to effectively safeguard agriculture and natural resources throughout the Greater Caribbean Region. Our assumption is that GCR partners will contribute resources to mutual undertakings commensurate with the anticipated benefits for the greater good. Accountability: GCSI responsibly maximizes the use of the resources entrusted to us to accomplish our mission. Communication: GCSI communicates clearly, consistently and with transparency about the development and implementation of the GCSI to all parties engaged in plant health safeguarding activities in the GCR. 3

4 Summary of Strategic Goals These strategic goals are all designed to support the development of a regional perimeter safeguarding approach that will strive to prevent the introduction of high risk plant pests and invasive species into the GCR. Goal 1: Build a Coordinated Greater Caribbean Safeguarding Initiative Framework and Partnership Network Goal 2: Strengthen Regional and National Pest Exclusion Activities within the GCR Goal 3: Enhance Pest Detection Activities within the GCR Goal 4: Strengthen Pest Mitigation and Suppression Activities within the GCR Strategic Goal 1 Build a Coordinated Greater Caribbean Safeguarding Initiative Framework and Partnership Network Strategic Result: Alignment with external organizations and entities where common goals exist and with an interest/stake in the GCR Objective 1.1: Enhance the partnerships with and among NPPOs and non-nppos in the GCR Identify and categorize the resources available to support this initiative; Develop an information/outreach package (message [National Program], materials, etc.) that accurately describes the GCSI framework and activities, for APHIS personnel to use as a resource when conducting outreach to ensure GCSI program mission, role and objectives are known and thoroughly understood among NPPOs and non-nppo entities with a stake in plant health issues in the GCR; Identify and participate in key regional, national, and institutional meetings (industry, regional organizations, NPPOs, etc.) and identify deliverables expected to be achieved from attending these meetings; Create and maintain a database to store information about partners that can be engaged in initiatives undertaken by GCSI; Identify and investigate other external regional or national strategic plans for ideas or similar approaches to GCSI; Identify universities and other research organizations involved in relevant pest related research and information collecting activities that can be engaged as partners in this initiative; Determine the level of interest and commitment of the identified partners to participate in the program; and 4

5 Collaborate with NPPO and non-nppo entities to leverage resources for plant health safeguarding activities affecting the GCR. Objective 1.2: Increase U.S. & Caribbean industry (agriculture, tourism, natural resources, etc.) interest and involvement in plant health safeguarding activities in the GCR Identify the relevant industry groups that are interested in cooperating in plant health safeguarding activities and conduct outreach initiatives to gain their support; Solicit input from the industry stakeholders regarding the pest threats of concern in the GCR; Consult with USAID officials to identify their programs that might be interested in collaborating with GCSI initiatives to develop long-term collaborative relations; Identify existing local industry resources (e.g., cooperative extension office- and State Department of Agriculture-like organizations) regarding pest problems to strengthen the network that promotes plant health safeguarding activities; Develop and promote GCSI on a website; Ascertain agricultural producers interest and support of strengthening plant health safeguarding activities in the GCR; Clearly communicate the direction of the GCSI program to industry stakeholders, seek input and gain their support; Identify safeguarding/pest exclusion activities that industries can participate in to support the GCSI program; Coordinate safeguarding/pest exclusion activities with other aspects of GCSI program; and Provide on-going communication to keep industries informed of progress in other activities and ensure continued coordination with GCSI program. Objective 1.3: Collaborate with the appropriate national plant health regulatory authorities in the GCR to achieve regional harmonization with Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS) obligations and international phytosanitary standards Review previous studies conducted by FAO, IICA, FAS, USAID, etc., on legal basis of the NPPOs in the GCR; Solicit FAO participation in the review of plant health authorities, building on the International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC) review completed for CARICOM in 2002; Identify the current structure and legal basis of the NPPOs in the GCR; Review countries plant health authorities to determine alignment with international phytosanitary standards; Prepare a document outlining the regulatory authority for plant health safeguarding activities of each country; 5

6 Identify strengths and gaps in the regulatory authorities for safeguarding systems; Visit different countries to discuss the findings with the NPPOs and other interested parties; Investigate possibilities to update legislation/regulations or work around them to address gaps; Promote participation in IPPC activities; Promote updating existing regulations and basing new regulations on International Standard for Phytosanitary Measures (ISPM); Identify obstacles that may inhibit adequate implementation of the GCR NPPOs projects and work with them to address the obstacles; and Encourage compliance with international phytosanitary export certification requirements. Objective 1.4: Identify the current pest exclusion, detection, emergency preparedness and risk mitigation capacities of the NPPOs in the GCR Identify and seek input from relevant subject matter experts (SMEs) in the GCR regarding pest exclusion, detection, emergency response and risk mitigation activities; Conduct a survey, using multiple collection methodologies, to determine the number of ports of entry (POEs), staffing, facilities, etc. in each country; Inventory critical pest exclusion, detection, emergency response and risk mitigation components (i.e., survey, trapping, control and eradication expertise, protocols, identification skills, agricultural quarantine inspection (AQI) activities, inspection techniques, resources, permit processes, risk assessment processes, etc.); and Assess the current exclusion, detection, emergency preparedness and risk mitigation practices and policies. Objective 1.5: Strengthen the current pest exclusion, detection and risk mitigation capabilities of the U.S. entities (FL, PR & USVI) in the GCR Encourage collaboration among SMEs in PPQ, FL, PR, and USVI collaborators, DHS CBP, ARS, universities, military, etc. to strengthen pest forecasting, exclusion, detection, emergency preparedness & response, and mitigation activities in the U.S. entities in the GCR; Identify needed plant health safeguarding activities and develop action plans with a proposed budget for implementation; Identify high risk pathways in FL from the GCR and evaluate the associated risks; Based on identified risks, make recommendations to PPQ headquarters, for consideration, to change regulatory requirements and/or port procedures to enhance port of entry exclusion measures, where needed; and 6

7 Monitor trends in pests intercepted by GCR NPPOs in shipments from the United States and ensure that follow-up occurs to ensure compliance with GCR NPPO import requirements and international standards. Objective 1.6: Establish a collaborative process to develop projects that enhance pest exclusion, detection, risk mitigation and facilitation of safe trade within the GCR Determine the best way to identify current and potential projects that strengthen phytosanitary policies to improve exclusion, detection and risk mitigation practices, including training initiatives, relative to the pest exclusion, detection and risk mitigation capabilities of participating countries; Develop criteria and a process to prioritize proposed projects; Develop criteria to ensure that the size, scope and goals of the projects are clearly defined and agreed to by all the parties; Develop an effective process to technically evaluate and determine how to match projects to locations based on risk and operational needs; Develop a process to determine how each project will be implemented: in all countries/regionally, in sections/areas or only in selected countries; Develop a communication plan to share findings and proposed projects that foster sound national exclusion, detection and risk mitigation systems and explore funding opportunities with NPPOs, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), other U.S. Agencies (USAID, FAS/DOS-Embassies), regional bodies, Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), Caribbean Development Bank (CBD), World Bank, etc.; Develop an approach to exchange information with NAPPO, OIRSA, and other appropriate Regional Plant Protection Organizations (RPPOs); Develop ways to engage participation in pest exclusion, detection and risk mitigation activities from agriculture industry, student groups, importers, shippers and the public; and Identify ways to involve local graduate students in pest exclusion, detection and risk mitigation activities, including identifying practical areas for their research, utilizing their skills, and developing a cadre of experts for the future. Objective 1.7: Ensure that GCSI initiatives, technology transfers, and projects are based on sound science Involve local and regional researchers and Plant Health SMEs in the project design; Follow ISPMs whenever applicable; Promote sharing of technical expertise between and among the various countries of the GCR, by involving local experts in addition to those from USDA, as needed; Identify where regulatory decisions can be enhanced/improved by using sound science ; and 7

8 Consult with USDA and other regional scientific experts as needed regarding applied research, treatments, and biocontrol needs, etc. Objective 1.8 Establish a framework to identify the plant pest threats to the GCR Develop and agree to an ongoing process with NPPOs to identify the 3-4 highest priority emerging plant pest threats to agriculture and natural resources in the GCR, starting with existing pest lists of participating countries, utilizing and/or participating in pathway analyses, OPIS lists, etc.; to facilitate the development of the regional priority pest list; Identify and evaluate any existing Pest Risk Assessments (PRAs) facilitate the development; Use this regional priority pest threat list to be the core of exclusion, detection, mitigation, and outreach activities; review/evaluate at least annually; Develop and agree to criteria to evaluate the pest threats identified and to establish priorities among the pest threats; Optimize the process to report pests intercepted at U.S. POEs on cargo shipments from GCR countries back to respective NPPOs; Explore with the NPPOs the viability of establishing pest risk committees within the GCR; Utilize PPQ s analysis teams to review all available port data, including those provided by GCR NPPOs, for pest forecasting, pest mitigation, or pest exclusion actions and monitor trends for select pathways, commodities and/or producers/shippers; Monitor pest alerts generated by all of the RPPOs to identify significant potential treats to the GCR; Encourage strategic research on exotic pests of potential concern to the GCR; and Encourage the establishment of the Caribbean Regional Diagnostic Network (CRDN). Objective 1.9: Establish a process to evaluate the effectiveness of GCSI projects Evaluate past GCSI projects to identify effective programs, strategies and areas for improvement in order to develop criteria for future project development (see Objective 1.6 above); Include an evaluation component as a part of the original project development; Plan regular feedback sessions, and yearly reviews on the projects; Evaluate if the project has contributed to strengthening overall phytosanitary infrastructure; Establish a process to end projects when completed, or to discontinue the program if the evaluation shows no results, contrary results, or if conditions on the ground change to the point where the project is impossible or unfeasible; and Compile lessons learned and best practices from the project to apply to other locations. 8

9 Objective 1.10: Identify the existing communication and IT infrastructure resources available to support plant health activities in the GCR Identify IT systems in the GCR dedicated to pest detection reporting, risk data analysis, and information sharing; Consult with NPPOs, international organizations, research and educational institutions in the GCR to identify existing and proposed systems that can share pest data externally; Determine if existing or proposed systems will meet international standards for pest reporting and information sharing. For those not meeting the ISPM standards, work with NPPOs to develop a strategy to address the short-comings; Identify connectivity, security, and licensing issues that impact the ability of existing and proposed systems to meet the needs of all users in the GCR; and Identify technical and other resources needed to support of development of a regional IT system to meet the goals and standards of ISPM 17 (Pest Reporting), and to use a single portal via the IPPC to report pest and promote information sharing. Strategic Goal 2 Strengthen Regional and National Pest Exclusion Activities within the GCR The following objectives can serve as starting points to achieve this goal. It is anticipated that additional objectives and strategies will emerge from the projects identified through Goal 1 implementation. Strategic Result: Reduction of new exotic plant pests establishing in the GCR Objective 2.1: Identify plant pests approaching and moving within the GCR Utilize the priority pest threats list to identify tactics to develop pest exclusion activities serving mutual interests (see Objective 1.8 above); Report actionable pest interceptions made at U.S. POEs on cargo shipments from GCR countries back to respective NPPOs; Encourage other NPPOs to report pest interceptions made at their POEs on cargo shipments from GCR countries back to respective NPPOs; Utilize PPQ s analysis teams to review port data for pest forecasting, pest mitigation, and pest exclusion actions; and monitor trends for select commodities and/or producers/shippers; 9

10 Identify high risk pathways and commodities that have the potential to move pests of concern into and within the GCR; and Identify and communicate among applicable NPPOs the most frequently intercepted highest risk pests by commodity and country to address the vulnerabilities in regional pathways. Objective 2.2: Mitigate high risk pathways for movement of plant pests into and within the GCR Identify and communicate among NPPOs the pest pathways that pose a significant threat of introduction of exotic plant pests into the GCR; Work together with NPPOs to mitigate exotic pests at source and reduce future infested/infected shipments within the GCR (see also Objective 4.2); Develop possible exclusion and mitigation strategies to be implemented by GCR NPPOs; Utilize OPIS reports and other data sources to determine pest status of plant pests not known to occur (PNKTO) in GCR countries and their potential for movement into the GCR through pathways, including trade and develop strategies to address these plant pest threats; Evaluate regulatory requirements or port procedures that promote POE exclusion measures and make recommendations to encourage harmonization; Encourage NPPOs to place greater emphasis on plant pest risk mitigation at the source, from farm or production facilities, through packing houses to ports of export, to provide for safe intra-regional and external trade, as well as food security for residents of each country; Identify and review research studies (such as DNA analyses, micro satellite analysis, etc.) to determine origin of plant pest populations; and Explore and take advantage of existing opportunities to develop and participate collaboratively in plant pest exclusion projects with NPPOs in the GCR. Strategic Goal 3 Enhance Pest Detection Activities within the GCR The following objectives can serve as starting points to achieve this goal. It is anticipated that additional objectives and strategies will emerge from the projects identified through Goal 1 implementation. Strategic Result: Increased number of NPPOs participating in new or expanded pest detection activities in the GCR Objective 3.1: Develop a cooperative pest detection strategy for emerging plant pest threats to the GCR 10

11 Identify and come to consensus on the specific plant pests for which GCR NPPOs will conduct surveys; Identify ways to encourage, support and conduct survey activities for high priority pests, by NPPOs, researchers and other partners as appropriate in GCR countries; Facilitate the development of survey protocols, utilizing ISPM 6 (Guidelines for Surveillance); Determine the availability of traps and lures to support arthropod surveillance efforts; Come to agreement on the data to be collected during pest surveys by each NPPO; Encourage transparency on pest detection results, in accordance with ISPMs 8 (Determination Of Pest Status In An Area) and 17( Pest Reporting); Develop strategies to fill gaps in existing pest detection infrastructure or programs; Foster continuation of successful pest detection strategies; and Support the implementation of the CRDN/DDIS (web-based distance diagnostic technology) proposed as part of the Caribbean Invasive Species Surveillance and Information Program (CISSIP) by the Caribbean Invasive Species Working Group (CISWG) to strengthen diagnostic capabilities in the GCR. Objective 3.2: Explore alternate, cost effective approaches to increase capacity for pest detection Encourage NPPOs in the GCR to support pest detection activities; Inventory and communicate all available resources in the GCR for training in surveillance techniques, plant pest identification, etc. and provide training where practical; Identify gaps in detection technologies and methods of control for exotic plant pests of potential concern to the GCR; Promote implementation of CISSIP s education and outreach program to systematically involve citizens, especially students, to look for pests on the regional priority plant pest list (developed in Objectives 1.8 and 3.1); Identify and communicate funding and resource (e.g., trapping resources, literature, technical expertise, etc.) options; Promote and assist in the development of outreach and education materials; Develop protocols for screening and confirming plant pest identifications, shipping and submitting samples, permitting samples, and management of results of diagnostics; and Encourage and support the development of plant pest identification resources, e.g., voucher specimens, a regional network, field ID cards, etc. Objective 3.3: Jointly develop emergency preparedness and response guidelines for potential plant pest threats 11

12 Identify existing emergency response guidelines developed by GCR countries; Review existing GCR emergency response guidelines for relevancy to current and identified emerging plant pest threats; Promote sharing of existing emergency response guidelines to identify best practices and advance harmonization; Identify and fill gaps in existing guidelines that need updating; Identify new plant pest threats that need to have emergency response guidelines developed; and Collaborate with existing technical working groups (TWG) to work jointly to prepare the needed guidelines. Strategic Goal 4 Strengthen Pest Mitigation and Suppression Activities within the GCR The following objectives can serve as starting points to achieve this goal. It is anticipated that additional objectives and strategies will emerge from the projects identified through Goal 1 implementation. Strategic Result: Decreased number of plant pest interceptions at GCR ports from shipments of GCR origin and increased number of cooperative programs among NPPOs to mitigate specific plant pests Objective 4.1: Develop cooperative pest mitigation strategies for the priority plant pests identified in Goals 1 and 3, not yet present or widespread in the GCR Encourage the development of a GCR TWG that creates New Pest Response Guidelines for highest priority plant pest threats (identified in Objectives 1.8 and 3.1); Consult with key stakeholders in the GCR to gain support and cooperation to develop pest mitigation strategies that benefit the whole GCR; Leverage cooperators and others pest mitigation and IPM strategies, including biological control, developed for GCR use and apply more broadly within the GCR; Identify and communicate funding and resource (e.g., literature, technical expertise, etc.) options; Use model programs as examples of excellent cooperation to develop strategies that use proven models of forecasting and strategy development, such as pink hibiscus mealy bug biological control, with the goal of developing additional program models; and Ensure that APHIS field personnel working in the GCR are informed about pest priorities and pest mitigation needs in their respective countries. Objective 4.2: Implement the cooperative pest mitigation strategies, developed in Objective 4.1, in the GCR 12

13 Report plant pest interception information recorded at GCR POEs back to the country of origin in a timely and informative manner so that NPPO officials can correct/mitigate any plant pest problems as quickly as possible; Work together with NPPOs and industries to mitigate exotic plant pests at the source and reduce future infested/infected shipments within the GCR; Continue to support existing Caribbean TWGs and encourage the development of additional GCR-wide working groups such as one focused on safeguarding and pest exclusion; Work with the Caribbean Plant Health Directors Group to identify and utilize the existing pest mitigation specialists as an interregional resource within the GCR; Develop collaborative programs (e.g., clean stock, plant pest free areas of production, etc.) that meet mutual needs, focused primarily on commodities that pose a high risk to GCR agriculture; and Identify important industries that are willing to collaborate on management programs that reduce the risk of plant pests and diseases to the GCR on citrus, nursery stock, etc.. Objective 4.3 Develop pest management and control options and strategies for the high risk target plant pests Identify what is currently being done in the GCR for pest control for the priority plant pests (identified in Objectives 1.8 and 3.1); Identify available resources (including subject matter experts, NPPO and extension services, universities and research institutions, grower associations and international organizations) on treatment options; Identify the environmental regulations of the participating countries that must be considered in application of various control strategies; Determine the most viable mitigation and treatment options that can be practically applied in the GCR; and Encourage compliance with international standards for the use of biological control agents (ISPM 3, Code Of Conduct For The Import And Release Of Exotic Biological Control Agents); and Encourage applied research on the biology, detection and control of significant invasive plant pest species. Objective 4.4: Develop options to encourage timely NPPO reporting of port of entry plant pest interceptions to support pest trace-back and mitigation activities in the GCR 13

14 Identify the gaps of monthly non-compliance reporting; Encourage NPPOs to take action in the field to address plant pests identified; and Seek feedback from NPPOs regarding results of trace-back and mitigation efforts from commodities identified as infested. 14

15 Appendix 1 Cooperating Agencies and Institutions: USDA APHIS PPQ Headquarters, APHIS IS Headquarters and Field Personnel, APHIS PPQ CPHST, APHIS PPQ Eastern Region, APHIS FL, USDA ARS, FDACS DPI, UF/IFAS, FAMU and CISWG. Acronyms Used: APHIS Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service AQAS Agricultural Quarantine Activity System ARS Agricultural Research Service CABI CAB International (formerly Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux International) CAHFSA Caribbean Agricultural Health and Food Safety Agency CAPS Cooperative Agricultural Pest Survey CARDI Caribbean Agricultural Research and Development Institute CARICOM Caribbean Community and Common Market CBP Customs and Border Protection CDB Caribbean Development Bank, CFCS Caribbean Food Crops Society CISSIP Caribbean Invasive Species Surveillance and Information Program CISWG Caribbean Invasive Species Working Group CPHST Center for Plant Health, Science, and Technology CRDN Caribbean Regional Diagnostic Network CRISIS Caribbean Regional Invasive Species Intervention Strategy DDIS Digital Diagnostic Information System DHS Department of Homeland Security DOS Department of State DPI Division of Plant Industry ER Eastern Region FAMU FL A & M University FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FDACS FL Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services GCSI Greater Caribbean Safeguarding Initiative IDB Inter-American Development Bank IICA Inter-American Institute for Cooperation on Agriculture IPPC International Plant Protection Convention IS International Services ISPM International Standard for Phytosanitary Measure ITRCB International Technical Regulatory Capacity Building NARP National Agricultural Release Program NGO Non-Governmental Organization NPPO National Plant Protection Organization OIRSA Organismo Internacional Regional de Sanidad Agropecuaria OPIP Offshore Pest Information Program PPQ Plant Protection and Quarantine PRA Rest Risk Assessment RPPO Regional Plant Health Organization SME Subject Matter Expert SPS Sanitary and Phytosanitary TWG Technical Working Group UF/IFAS University of FL Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences USAID United States Agency for International Development USDA United States Department of Agriculture 15

16 UF/IFAS USAID USDA University of FL Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences United States Agency for International Development United States Department of Agriculture 16

17 Appendix 2 GCSI Linkage to the USDA, APHIS, and PPQ Strategic Plan Priorities USDA STRATEGIC PLAN FOR FY : USDA Strategic Goal 1: Enhance International Competiveness of American Agriculture Support International Economic Development and Trade Capacity Building Improved Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS) System to Facilitate Agricultural Trade (Assist developing countries to strengthen policy and regulatory frameworks and institutions, and enhance SPS infrastructure through targeted capacity building). USDA Strategic Goal 4: Enhance Protection and Safety of the Nation s Agriculture and Food Supply Reduce the number and severity of agricultural pest and disease outbreaks. APHIS STRATEGIC PLAN FY : APHIS Mission Priority 1: Strengthen our safeguarding system domestically and in other countries. 1.1 Working with other countries to reduce the risk before threats approach our borders. 1.2 APHIS works with counterparts in other countries to target... resources on projects that will yield the most protection... helping...countries build capacity for their own systems of agricultural and natural resource protection provides greater protection... APHIS Mission Priority 3: Facilitate safe agricultural trade through effective management of sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) issues. (Safeguarding work in other countries) APHIS EXOTIC FRUIT FLY STRATEGIC PLAN : Priority 4: Encourage development of exotic fruit fly detection and management programs in the Caribbean Basin and Central America to act as an early warning system and further reduce the risk of introduction. Priority 5: Reduce the risk of entry of exotic fruit flies, especially Medfly, through technical support for fruit fly risk reduction activities worldwide. PPQ STRATEGIC PLAN FY : PPQ Priorities: Pest detection and Strengthening Pest Exclusion Programs PPQ CPHST STRATEGIC PLAN FY : CPHST Strategic Goal 1: Enhance PPQ s Efforts in Pest Detection and Management. 1.1 Enhance the Understanding of Potential Threats CARIBBEAN INVASIVE SPECIES WORKING GROUP (CISWG) AND PPQ CPHST PERAL CARIBBEAN PATHWAY RISK ANALYSIS JUNE 4, 2009: Evaluation of Pathways for Exotic Plant Pest Movement into and within the Greater Caribbean Region 17