NUVIGIL (armodafinil) oral tablet

Transcription

1 NUVIGIL (armodafinil) oral tablet Coverage for services, procedures, medical devices and drugs are dependent upon benefit eligibility as outlined in the member's specific benefit plan. This Pharmacy Coverage Guideline must be read in its entirety to determine coverage eligibility, if any. This Pharmacy Coverage Guideline provides information related to coverage determinations only and does not imply that a service or treatment is clinically appropriate or inappropriate. The provider and the member are responsible for all decisions regarding the appropriateness of care. Providers should provide BCBSAZ complete medical rationale when requesting any exceptions to these guidelines. The section identified as Description defines or describes a service, procedure, medical device or drug and is in no way intended as a statement of medical necessity and/or coverage. The section identified as Criteria defines criteria to determine whether a service, procedure, medical device or drug is considered medically necessary or experimental or investigational. State or federal mandates, e.g., FEP program, may dictate that any drug, device or biological product approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) may not be considered experimental or investigational and thus the drug, device or biological product may be assessed only on the basis of medical necessity. Pharmacy Coverage Guidelines are subject to change as new information becomes available. For purposes of this Pharmacy Coverage Guideline, the terms "experimental" and "investigational" are considered to be interchangeable. BLUE CROSS, BLUE SHIELD and the Cross and Shield Symbols are registered service marks of the Blue Cross and Blue Shield Association, an association of independent Blue Cross and Blue Shield Plans. All other trademarks and service marks contained in this guideline are the property of their respective owners, which are not affiliated with BCBSAZ. Description: Nuvigil is a non-amphetamine wake-promoting agent for oral administration. Nuvigil is approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to improve wakefulness in individuals with excessive sleepiness associated with narcolepsy, obstructive sleep apnea and shift work sleep disorder. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease of the central nervous system whose symptoms wax and wane. Symptoms of MS are numerous, but fatigue is a common and potentially disabling complaint. The mechanism of fatigue is poorly understood. Recommendations on management of MS related fatigue include identification of reversible or manageable causes such as side effects of other medications, untreated co-existing medical illnesses, poor sleep hygiene, etc. Medications known to result in fatigue or sleepiness include certain anticonvulsants, sedativehypnotics, antihistamines, some antidepressants, antispasmodics, opioids, certain antihypertensive medications, and others. A critical evaluation of their use and/or dose reduction should be undertaken to minimize their impact as a cause of fatigue. Page 1 of 8

2 Pharmacologic management of fatigue of MS includes off-label use of Amantadine, Methylphenidate, and Aspirin. Amantadine is the most extensively studied agent and has been shown to significantly reduce fatigue. Methylphenidate has been used and has shown positive results. Modafanil (Provigil and generics) and Nuvigil are suggested as off-label alternative to these agents. Definitions: Drug related events: Ineffective / failure Use of a drug employing optimal doses (FDA-recommended doses) for optimal duration; where the condition being treated has not improved or worsened A request for branded agent due to generic drug failure or ineffectiveness will be assessed for potential approval with documentation of use of optimal dose / duration of the generic product and meeting other criteria within the coverage guideline. When the drug in question is a combination product, there must be documentation of failure / ineffectiveness of concurrent use (each ingredient used at the same time) of individual generic components. When the drug in question is a low dose formulation, there must be documentation of failure / ineffectiveness of low dose generic formulation. Adverse Drug Event: Allergic reaction / Hypersensitivity / Intolerance Use of a drug produced a significant reaction where continued use of the drug places the individual at risk for either lack of improvement or worsening of the condition being treated or at risk for harm and the concern is documented in medical record. A significant adverse drug event is when an individual s outcome is death, life-threatening, hospitalization (initial or prolonged), disability resulting in a significant, persistent, or permanent change, impairment, damage or disruption in the individuals body function/structure, physical activities or quality of life, or requires intervention to prevent permanent impairment or damage. Allergic reaction / hypersensitivity may or may not involve the active ingredient. When the active ingredient is involved, use of same or a chemically similar agent places the individual at risk for harm when the same or chemically similar agent is used. The subsequent reaction may be the same as the original reaction or a more exaggerated response may be seen, potentially placing the individual at even greater risk for harm. If the reaction occurred from the active/main generic ingredient; request for branded agent with same active ingredient will not be considered unless it is proven (documented) that active ingredient did not cause reaction and the request meets other criteria within the coverage guideline Intolerance these events represent circumstance(s) where use of a drug produced a significant reaction and continued use may result in non-adherence to proposed therapy and this concern is documented in medical record Contraindication Use of a drug that is not recommended by the manufacturer or FDA labelling Page 2 of 8

3 Use of any drug in the face of a contraindication is outside of the FDA and manufacturer s labelled recommendation and is considered investigational or experimental Non-adherence Individual does not follow prescribe regimen that places the individual at risk for lack of improvement or worsening of the condition being treated and this concern is documented in medical record Precertification: Precertification (Prior Authorization) is required for members with a Blue Cross Blue Shield of Arizona (BCBSAZ) pharmacy benefit for medication(s) or product(s) indicated in this guideline. This Pharmacy Coverage Guideline does not apply to FEP or other states Blues Plans. Information about medications that require precertification is available at Some large (100+) benefit plan groups may customize certain benefits, including adding or deleting precertification requirements. All applicable benefit plan provisions apply, e.g., waiting periods, limitations, exclusions, waivers and benefit maximums. Criteria: See Resources section for FDA-approved dosage. Precertification for Nuvigil requires completion of the specific request form in its entirety. All requested data must be provided. Once completed the form must be signed by the prescribing provider and faxed back to BCBSAZ Pharmacy Management at (602) or to Pharmacyprecert@azblue.com. Incomplete forms will be returned. FDA-approved product labeling (indication, age, dosage, testing, contraindications, exclusions, etc.) of Nuvigil is considered medically necessary for individuals 17 years of age* and older with medical record documentation of ONE of the following: 1. Documentation of ALL of the following: Diagnosis of excessive sleepiness from ONE of the following: Narcolepsy Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) while on continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy Shift work sleep disorder that satisfies ALL of the following conditions/circumstances: Persistent and frequent excessive sleepiness and/or falling asleep while at work Not receiving other drugs known to cause or contribute to sleepiness Does not have a medical condition known to cause or contribute to sleepiness Unable to use Modafinil due to EITHER: Page 3 of 8

4 Previous course was ineffective or failed to control symptoms Previous course resulted in a significant adverse drug event (note: note: Nuvigil is contraindicated in individuals that have hypersensitivity to Modafinil or its inactive Absence of the following exclusions: History of left ventricular hypertrophy Mitral valve prolapse Nuvigil is considered medically necessary for individuals 17 years of age* and older with medical record documentation of fatigue related to multiple sclerosis satisfying ALL of the following: the use of Amantadine the use of Methylphenidate Failure, intolerance, or non-hypersensitivity contraindication to the use of Modafinil (note: Nuvigil is contraindicated in individuals that have hypersensitivity to Modafinil or its inactive Individual is not receiving other drugs known to cause or contribute to sleepiness Absence of the following exclusions: History of left ventricular hypertrophy Mitral valve prolapse * Safety and effectiveness of Nuvigil use in individuals below the age of 17 years of age have not been established. Nuvigil is not FDA-approved for use in pediatric individuals for any condition. Nuvigil for all other indications not previously listed is considered experimental or investigational based upon: 1. Lack of final approval from the Food and Drug Administration, and 2. Insufficient scientific evidence to permit conclusions concerning the effect on health outcomes, and 3. Insufficient evidence to support improvement of the net health outcome, and 4. Insufficient evidence to support improvement of the net health outcome as much as, or more than, established alternatives, and 5. Insufficient evidence to support improvement outside the investigational setting. History: Date: Activity: Pharmacy and Therapeutics review Approved criteria revisions Director Pharmacy Mgmt. review Criteria revisions Annual review Added Definitions section for drug related events, rewrote Criteria 1, 2, and 3 into single criteria, added failure of Modafinil to criteria, expanded on Modafinil contraindication that relates to Nuvigil use. Annual review Added information on Multiple sclerosis (MS) to Description section. New criteria added for use in MS Clinical Pharmacist Annual Review Change age in criteria to 17 years of age and older. Revised pediatric statement to conform to package label. Page 4 of 8

5 Director Pharmacy Mgmt. review Review guideline (effective 04/08/10) Pharmacy and Therapeutics review Approval of updated policy Director Pharmacy Mgmt. review Development Criteria Revisions: Date: Criteria: Revisions: FDA-approved dosage of Nuvigil is considered medically necessary for individuals 17 years of age* and older with medical record documentation of ONE of the following: 1. Documentation of ALL of the following: Diagnosis of excessive sleepiness from ONE of the following: Narcolepsy Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) while on continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy Shift work sleep disorder that satisfies ALL of the following conditions/circumstances: Persistent and frequent excessive sleepiness and/or falling asleep while at work Not receiving other drugs known to cause or contribute to sleepiness Does not have a medical condition known to cause or contribute to sleepiness Unable to use Modafinil due to EITHER: Previous course was ineffective or failed to control symptoms Previous course resulted in a significant adverse drug event (note: note: Nuvigil is contraindicated in individuals that have hypersensitivity to Modafinil or its inactive Page 5 of 8 FDA-approved product labeling (indication, age, dosage, testing, contraindications, exclusions, etc.) of Nuvigil is considered medically necessary for individuals 17 years of age* and older with medical record documentation of ONE of the following: 1. Documentation of ALL of the following: Diagnosis of excessive sleepiness from ONE of the following: Narcolepsy Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) while on continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy Shift work sleep disorder that satisfies ALL of the following conditions/circumstances: Persistent and frequent excessive sleepiness and/or falling asleep while at work Not receiving other drugs known to cause or contribute to sleepiness Does not have a medical condition known to cause or contribute to sleepiness Unable to use Modafinil due to EITHER: Previous course was ineffective or failed to control symptoms Previous course resulted in a significant adverse drug event (note: note: Nuvigil is contraindicated in individuals that have hypersensitivity to Modafinil or its inactive Absence of the following exclusions:

6 2. Fatigue related to multiple sclerosis with ALL of the following: Failure, intolerance, or contraindication to the use of Amantadine Failure, intolerance, or contraindication to the use of Methylphenidate Failure, intolerance, or nonhypersensitivity contraindication to the use of Modafinil (note: Nuvigil is contraindicated in individuals that have hypersensitivity to Modafinil or its inactive Individual is not receiving other drugs known to cause or contribute to sleepiness * Safety and effectiveness of Nuvigil use in individuals below the age of 17 years of age have not been established. Nuvigil is not FDA-approved for use in pediatric individuals for any condition. History of left ventricular hypertrophy Mitral valve prolapse Nuvigil is considered medically necessary for individuals 17 years of age* and older with medical record documentation of fatigue related to multiple sclerosis satisfying ALL of the following: Failure, intolerance, or contraindication to the use of Amantadine Failure, intolerance, or contraindication to the use of Methylphenidate Failure, intolerance, or nonhypersensitivity contraindication to the use of Modafinil (note: Nuvigil is contraindicated in individuals that have hypersensitivity to Modafinil or its inactive Individual is not receiving other drugs known to cause or contribute to sleepiness Absence of the following exclusions: History of left ventricular hypertrophy Mitral valve prolapse * Safety and effectiveness of Nuvigil use in individuals below the age of 17 years of age have not been established. Nuvigil is not FDA-approved for use in pediatric individuals for any condition. Page 6 of 8

7 Excessive sleepiness associated with narcolepsy 2 Excessive sleepiness due to obstructive sleep apnea in an individual on continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy 3 Excessive sleepiness due to shift work sleep disorder with ALL of the following: o Individual with complaints of persistent and frequent excessive sleepiness and/or falling asleep while at work and Individual is not receiving other drugs or does not have a medical condition known to cause or contribute to sleepiness Fatigue related to Multiple sclerosis with ALL of the following: the use of Amantadine the use of Methylphenidate the use of Modafinil Individual is not receiving other drugs known to cause or contribute to sleepiness 1. Documentation of ALL of the following: Diagnosis of excessive sleepiness from ONE of the following: Narcolepsy Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) while on continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy Shift work sleep disorder that satisfies ALL of the following conditions/circumstances: Persistent and frequent excessive sleepiness and/or falling asleep while at work Not receiving other drugs known to cause or contribute to sleepiness Does not have a medical condition known to cause or contribute to sleepiness Unable to use Modafinil due to EITHER: Previous course was ineffective or failed to control symptoms Previous course resulted in a significant adverse drug event (note: note: Nuvigil is contraindicated in individuals that have hypersensitivity to Modafinil or its inactive Fatigue related to multiple sclerosis with ALL of the following: the use of Amantadine the use of Methylphenidate Failure, intolerance, or nonhypersensitivity contraindication to the use of Modafinil (note: Nuvigil is contraindicated in individuals that have hypersensitivity to Modafinil or its inactive Individual is not receiving other drugs known to cause or contribute to sleepiness Page 7 of 8

8 Amended initial criteria statement to as follows: Nuvigil is considered medically necessary for individuals 17 years of age and older. Criteria added for use in Multiple sclerosis Resources: Nuvigil. Package Insert, October Reviewed on 01/02/2013 Nuvigil. Package Insert, revised by manufacturer on Reviewed on 10/12/2015 FDA-approved indication and dosage: Indication To improve wakefulness in patients with excessive sleepiness associated with obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome, narcolepsy and shift work sleep disorder. In OSAHS, NUVIGIL is indicated as an adjunct to standard treatment(s) for the underlying obstruction. If continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the treatment of choice for a patient, a maximal effort to treat with CPAP for an adequate period of time should be made prior to initiating NUVIGIL. If NUVIGIL is used adjunctively with CPAP, the encouragement of and periodic assessment of CPAP compliance is necessary. In all cases, careful attention to the diagnosis and treatment of the underlying sleep disorder(s) is of utmost importance. Prescribers should be aware that some patients may have more than one sleep disorder contributing to their excessive sleepiness. The effectiveness of NUVIGIL in long-term use (greater than 12 weeks) has not been systematically evaluated in placebo-controlled trials. The physician who elects to prescribe NUVIGIL for an extended time in patients should periodically re-evaluate long term usefulness for the individual patient. Recommended Dose The recommended dose of NUVIGIL for patients with OSAHS or narcolepsy is 150 mg or 250 mg given as a single dose in the morning. In patients with OSAHS, doses up to 250 mg/day, given as a single dose, have been well tolerated, but there is no consistent evidence that this dose confers additional benefit beyond that of the 150 mg/day dose. The recommended dose of NUVIGIL for patients with SWSD is 150 mg given daily approximately 1 hour prior to the start of their work shift. Consider use of lower doses in the elderly patients and in patients with severe hepatic impairment. Page 8 of 8