Ipomoea horsfalliae (prince's vine)

Transcription

1 Australia/New Zealand Weed Risk Assessment adapted for Florida. Data used for analysis published in: Gordon, D.R., D.A. Onderdonk, A.M. Fox, R.K. Stocker, and C. Gantz. 28. Predicting Invasive Plants in Florida using the Australian Weed Risk Assessment. Invasive Plant Science and Management : Ipomoea horsfalliae (prince's vine) Question number Question Answer Score. Is the species highly domesticated? n.2 Has the species become naturalised where grown?.3 Does the species have weedy races? 2. Species suited to Florida's USDA climate zones (-low; -intermediate; 2-high) Quality of climate match data (-low; -intermediate; 2-high) Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility) 2.4 Native or naturalized in habitats with periodic inundation 2.5 Does the species have a history of repeated introductions outside its natural y range? 3. Naturalized beyond native range? 3.2 Garden/amenity/disturbance weed n 3.3 Weed of agriculture n 3.4 Environmental weed n 3.5 Congeneric weed y 4. Produces spines, thorns or burrs n 4.2 Allelopathic n 4.3 Parasitic n 4.4 Unpalatable to grazing animals 4.5 Toxic to animals n 4.6 Host for recognised pests and pathogens y 4.7 Causes allergies or is otherwise toxic to humans n 4.8 Creates a fire hazard in natural ecosystems n 4.9 Is a shade tolerant plant at some stage of its life cycle n 4. Grows on infertile soils (oligotrophic, limerock, or excessively draining soils)? 4. Climbing or smothering growth habit y 4.2 Forms dense thickets n 5. Aquatic n

2 5.2 Grass n 5.3 Nitrogen fixing woody plant n 5.4 Geophyte y 6. Evidence of substantial reproductive failure in native habitat 6.2 Produces viable seed y 6.3 Hybridizes naturally 6.4 Self-compatible or apomictic 6.5 Requires specialist pollinators 6.6 Reproduction by vegetative fragmentation y 6.7 Minimum generative time (years) 7. Propagules likely to be dispersed unintentionally (plants growing in heavily trafficked areas) 7.2 Propagules dispersed intentionally by people y 7.3 Propagules likely to disperse as a produce contaminant n 7.4 Propagules adapted to wind dispersal y 7.5 Propagules water dispersed n 7.6 Propagules bird dispersed n 7.7 Propagules dispersed by other animals (externally) n 7.8 Propagules dispersed by other animals (internally) n 8. Prolific seed production n 8.2 Evidence that a persistent propagule bank is formed (> yr) Well controlled by herbicides 8.4 Tolerates, or benefits from, mutilation or cultivation y 8.5 Effective natural enemies present in Florida, or east of the continental divide Total Score 4 Outcome Accept* *Used secondary screen from: Daehler, C. C., J.L. Denslow, S. Ansari, and H. Kuo. 24. A risk assessment system for screening out harmful invasive pest plants from Hawaii s and other Pacific islands. Conserv. Biol. 8:

3 section # questions answered satisfy minimum? A 5 yes B yes C 5 yes total 3 yes Data collected Question number Reference Source data. used horticulturally, but no evidence for selection of reduced weediness Whistler (2) Tropical Ornamentals: a Guide. 2. Adams, CD (972) 3.. USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland ( 2. Whistler (2) Tropical Ornamentals: a Guide. Timber Press, Portland. 3. USDA, NRCS. 25. The PLANTS Database, Version 3.5 ( Data compiled from various sources by Mark W. Skinner. National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA no evidence 3.3 no evidence 3.4 no evidence 3.5 Weber (23) Invasive Plant Species of the World. CABI Publishing.. "Ipomoea horsfalliae, prince's vine, is native to the West Indies but is widely if not commonly cultivated in the tropics for its crimson or, rarely, pink flowers." 2. "widely introduced into into other tropical countries". Native in Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela, and Brazil; naturalized in Jamaica and elsewhere. BUT 2. "Ipomoea horsfalliae, prince's vine, is native to the West Indies". 3. considered native to Puerto Rico [unclear whether it is native or naturalized in the Caribbean] I. aquatica considered an environmental weed in the southeastern US; I. cairica considered an environmental weed in Australia; and I. indica considered an environmental weed in southern Europe, southern 3

4 Africa, Australia, and New Zealand. 4. Whistler (2) Tropical Ornamentals: a Guide. no description of these traits 4.2 no evidence 4.3 Whistler (2) Tropical Ornamentals: a Guide. no description of this no evidence 4.6 Muruvanda, DA, JW Beardsley, and WC Mitchell (986) Additional alternate hosts of the sweet-potato weevils Cylas formicarius elegantulus and Euscepes postfasciatus (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) in Hawaii, I. horsfalliae was found to be a new Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological host for the sweet potato weevil Society 26: Cylas formicarius elegantulus. 4.7 no evidence 4.8 no evidence 4.9. Black, RJ (2) Vines for Florida. University of Florida, IFAS Extension, Circular 86 ( 2. Logee's Greenhouses, Ltd. ( 3. Burke's Backyard ( _archives/in_the_garden/flowering_plants_and_s 4. Whistler (2) Tropical Ornamentals: a Guide. 4.. Whistler (2) Tropical Ornamentals: a Guide. 2. Burke's Backyard ( _archives/in_the_garden/flowering_plants_and_s 4.. Whistler (2) Tropical Ornamentals: a Guide. 2. Adams, CD (972). full sun 2. full sun 3. prefers full sun 4. "sunny to partially shaded places are preferred". "fertile, moist, but well-drained soils are preferred" 2. "It prefers a rich, well-drained soil".. vine 2. "Twiner to m. high" 4.2 no evidence 5. terrestrial 5.2 USDA, NRCS. 25. The PLANTS Database, Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA Convolvulaceae 5.3 USDA, NRCS. 25. The PLANTS Database, Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA Convolvulaceae 5.4 Burke's Backyard ( _archives/in_the_garden/flowering_plants_and_s "can form a tuber with age (this becomes a problem if you try to dig the plant out, as it will sucker from the tuber" Whistler (2) Tropical Ornamentals: a Guide. propagate by seeds 4

5 Burke's Backyard ( _archives/in_the_garden/flowering_plants_and_s Whistler (2) Tropical Ornamentals: a Guide. 2. Adams, CD (972) 7.3 no evidence 7.4. Adams, CD (972) Flowering Plants of Jamaica. University of the West 2. USDA, NRCS. 25. The PLANTS Database, Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA no evidence 7.6 wind dispersed 7.7. Whistler (2) Tropical Ornamentals: a Guide. 2. Adams, CD (972) "can form a tuber with age (this becomes a problem if you try to dig the plant out, as it will sucker from the tuber". "widely if not commonly cultivated in the tropics for its crimson or, rarely, pink flowers." 2. "widely introduced into into other tropical countries". "seeds dark brown, 6-7 mm. long, with tawny-silky marginal hairs up to mm. long" 2. photo of seeds shows they have many long, soft hairs around the margin. "fruit a subglobose capsule" 2. "capsule abruptly pointed, 3-6 mm. long; seeds dark brown, 6-7 mm. long, with tawny-silky marginal hairs up to mm. long" [no evidence of any means of attachment - has hairs on seeds, but they are soft] 7.8 wind dispersed 8. Whistler (2) Tropical Ornamentals: a Guide. fruit "infrequently formed in cultivation" Logee's Greenhouses, Ltd. ( "it can be pruned hard after flowering", "a strong and resilient plant" 8.5 5