Table of Contents Foreword CRA Chairman Acknowledgements Introduction iii List of Abbreviations Description of the Data and their Sources

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2 DECEMBER 0

3 Table of Contents Foreword by CRA Chairman i Acknowledgements ii Introduction iii List of Abbreviations iv Description of the Data and their Sources v What does the Data say? vii County Fact Sheets 1. Baringo County 1. Bomet County. Bungoma County 4. Busia County 4. Elgeyo-Marakwet County. Embu County 7. Garissa County 7. Homa Bay County. Isiolo County. Kajiado County. Kakamega County. Kericho County 1. Kiambu County 1. Kilifi County. Kirinyaga County. Kisii County. Kisumu County. Kitui County 1. Kwale County 1 0. Laikipia County 0 1. Lamu County 1. Machakos County. Makueni County. Mandera County. Marsabit County. Meru County. Migori County. Mombasa County. Murang a County 0. Nairobi County 0 1. Nakuru County 1. Nandi County. Narok County

4 4. Nyamira County 4. Nyandarua County. Nyeri County. Samburu County. Siaya County. Taita Taveta County 40. Tana River County 40. Tharaka Nithi County 4. Trans Nzoia County 4 4. Turkana County 4. Uasin Gishu County 4. Vihiga County 4 4. Wajir County West Pokot County 47

5 Foreword by CRA Chairman The Commission on Revenue Allocation is a new institution created by the Constitution of Kenya. The principal function of the Commission is to make recommendations on the basis of equitable sharing of revenue raised nationally between the national government and the county governments and among the county governments. It has other several functions enumerated in Article of the Constitution. Reliable data is the cornerstone of firm policy decisions. We take this opportunity to launch this first edition of the County Facts Sheets. At a glance, the Fact Sheets provide important summary information of each county, such as, population, health, education and infrastructure. This document carries vital data on each of the 47 counties which should be useful to many stakeholders, including those who are aspiring to join the counties either in elective or appointive offices. It will also be useful to development partners, academic institutions and the civil servants in both national and county governments. This document is part of a series of other publications which are being launched by our Commission. The objective of the publications is to educate Kenyans on the role of the Commission, and the funding arrangements for Kenya s new system of devolved government. Every effort has been made to ensure the facts in this document are accurate. We would however, request anyone who spots a major error to point it out to us through our contacts indicated at the back cover of this booklet. Micah Cheserem Chairman, Commission on Revenue Allocation i

6 Acknowledgements CRA acknowledges the contribution and support of several key partners in the preparation of this inaugural version of the Kenya County Fact Sheets. First, the Commission acknowledges the contribution of the Kenya National Bureau of Statistics (KNBS), which is the official source of most data appearing in these Fact Sheets. Contributions from KNBS signal the beginning of a long term partnership in the generation and dissemination of comprehensive county-level data, and its application towards the formulation of sound policy decisions not only by the CRA, but also by other government and non-governmental organizations. Secondly, CRA acknowledges support from the World Bank s Fiscal Decentralization Knowledge Program (FDKP). Launched in November 0 with financial assistance from the Australian Agency for International Development (AusAid), FDKP is supporting the Kenya s Government to develop and implement the public finance provisions of the new Constitution. FDKP s main objective is to share evidence-based knowledge with Kenyan policy makers, consisting of international experiences with decentralization and also of data analysis on Kenya. To all our other partners, we also say a hearty THANK YOU, and we look forward to your continued support and partnership. ii

7 Introduction Immediately after the next General Elections, forty-seven County Governments will replace the Provincial and Local Government administration systems, which were created at independence. However, most of the data that is collected and compiled in Kenya today can be mapped to either districts or provinces, and very little has been done to date to re-map these data to the county level. The Kenya County Fact Sheets seek precisely to fill this void and to start fleshing out the demographic, socioeconomic and administrative contours of Kenya s future counties. Anticipated users of these Fact Sheets include: a) Public sector organizations that are now accelerating their planning for the transition and formulation of post-devolution policies; b) Civil society organizations the public, media, businesses who need to engage knowledgeably with the National and the County Governments; and, c) Development partners who will need to refocus their strategies and programs to the new administrative and service delivery environment. Among other uses, the Fact Sheets will enable readers to (i) get a full picture of the main characteristics of each of Kenya s counties, and (ii) compare their performance across a wide range of indicators to the national average, or to the situation in other counties. This knowledge, ideally will guide policy, from the targeting of policies across space and interventions to laying the foundations of a county performance monitoring system. The reader will find that the Fact Sheets reveal significant disparities across counties on many fronts health and education outcomes, funding per capita and access to infrastructure and to services. In highlighting these disparities, the Fact Sheets might help to identify each county s immediate-, medium- and longer-term priorities for economic development and poverty reduction. They also constitute a useful baseline against which progress can be measured, as Counties come into existence and start taking increasing responsibility for service delivery at the local level. Obviously, from the point of view of the CRA, this information will be a key input into our recommendations to Parliament on a revenue sharing formula, which will need to be transparent, rule-based and grounded into a solid assessment of county needs. It is our hope that the Fact Sheets will inform public discourse and contribute to improved policy coordination between National and County Governments, among county governments and with non-governmental stake holders. iii

8 List of Abbreviations CDF CRA DDP DRC FDKP GoK KIHBS KNBS KRB KURA LA LATF MoH REPLF RMLF SBP TFDG WB Constituency Development Fund Commission on Revenue Allocation District Development Plan District Roads Committee Fiscal Decentralization Knowledge Program Government of Kenya Kenya Integrated Household Budget Survey Kenya National Bureau of Statistics Kenya Roads Board Kenya Urban Roads Authority Local Authority Local Authority Transfer Fund Ministry of Health Rural Electrification Programme Levy Fund Road Maintenance Levy Fund Single Business Permit Task Force on Devolved Government World Bank iv

9 Description of the Data and their Sources DATA / VARIABLE Surface area and density DESCRIPTION AND SOURCE The data on population and number of households are from the 00 Kenya and Housing Census Report published in August 0, by the Kenya National Bureau of Statistics (KNBS). Each Fact Sheet contains a map showing population density variations within each county, based on the number of districts in existence in December 00. The information on density is based on the 00 Census. Poverty rate Urban population Health data Education data Constituency Development Fund Local Authority Transfer Fund (LATF), Road Maintenance Levy Fund (RMLF), Single Business County poverty data have been computed based on the Kenya Integrated Household Baseline Survey (KIHBS) district poverty estimates of 00/0. County poverty rates are derived simply by dividing the total number of poor people in each county in 00/0 by the total population in each county. This information is based on 00 Census data and includes core urban and peri-urban residents within towns having at least,000 inhabitants. Data on immunization and on diseases i.e. malaria, TB and HIV have been obtained from the Division of Health Management Information Systems (HMIS). The data includes routine information collected on a monthly and annual basis from health facilities throughout the country. Health statistics shown in these Fact Sheets have been computed as follows: Fully-immunized population under 1 year This is the number of fully immunized children below the age of 1 year as a proportion of the overall population of children below the age of 1 year. Malaria (as % of all first outpatient visits) This computation reflects the malaria burden. It is based on confirmed malaria cases (not clinical malaria ) as a percentage of total first out-patient diseases (OPD) attendances at health facilities. TB in every,000 people This figure is the record of new cases of tuberculosis (TB) detected in every,000 people. HIV-positive ante-natal care clients This is the percentage of ante-natal care (ANC) clients tested for HIV at designated testing sites, whose results turn out to be positive. The proportion of population with primary and secondary education is based on the 00 Census. These data are CDF actual allocations (00/04 00/0) and estimates (00/) for each of the constituencies, which in turn are mapped to county boundaries. The data have been obtained from the CDF Board Website Information on actual CDF spending or audited financial data was not available. These data have been obtained from LATF Annual Report and Review of Local Authority Financial Performance for the fiscal years 007/0 and 00/0. Taken together, LATF, SBP and Property taxes have constituted the lion s share of resources available to Kenya s Local Authorities. While the latter two might be taken as a rough indicator of the core of future v

10 DATA / VARIABLE Permit (SBP) and property rates Rural Electrification Programme Levy Fund (REPLF) Access to improved water, improved sanitation and electricity Road Network Service coverage and proportion of nationally registered voters in each constituency DESCRIPTION AND SOURCE county own-source revenue streams, LATF might be used as an indicator of future needs of urban areas, and of the partial costs that could be faced by counties in delivering services. Data come from the Rural Electrification Authority (REA) and relate to approved (not actual) spending on rural electrification programmes for the period 00/04 00/0. These data are generated from the 00 Census, and present the proportion of Kenya households with access. Definitions for access to improved water and sanitation are based on the Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) for Water Supply and Sanitation by the World Health Organization (WHO) and UNICEF. Accordingly, improved water sources include well/borehole, piped and rain-harvested water; while, improved sanitation includes connection to a main sewer, septic tank and cesspool as well as ventilated improved pit (VIP) latrine and covered pit latrine. This data is generated from District Development Plans (DDP), and reflects the proportion of Kenya s classified road network that is paved, and in good or fair maintenance condition. These estimates are generated based on the Kenya Integrated Household Budget Survey (KIHBS). 00/0. This is the proportion of children between the ages of 0 0 months who were reported to have been born in a health center i.e. hospital, clinic or maternity home. This is the proportion of children between the ages of 0 0 months whose births were assisted by a qualified medical personnel i.e. a doctor, midwife or nurse. This is the proportion of children between the ages of 0 months who had had all necessary vaccinations, specifically BCG, any dose of polio, any dose of DPT and measles. This is the proportion of children between the ages of 0 months who were not below the adequate or recommended height for their respective ages. This is the proportion of children between the ages of years who could read and write. This is the proportion of children between the ages of years who were attending school (irrespective of the level) at the time of the survey. Following promulgation of the current Constitution, the number of constituencies is to increase from to 0. Since the process of distributing the 0 constituencies among the 47 counties has not been finalized, the constituency distribution shown in these Fact Sheets is based on the current constituencies. Constituency populations are based on the 00 Census, while county proportions of nationally registered voters is based on Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission (IEBC) records as per the 0 Constitutional Referendum. vi

11 What does the Data say? These Fact Sheets testify to inter-county variations on several fronts, and it is important for the reader to consider implications of these differences. For example, the demographic data presented in the first part of the Fact Sheets reveal extensive variations in county populations and densities. Both population and density will determine the cost of delivering services in the counties and therefore should drive the allocation of future transfers from the center to the sub-national units. The socio-economic profile of these populations and hence, the social fabric of Kenya s counties is also heterogeneous. While Kenya is urbanizing rapidly -- much faster than the overall population growth rate -- the Fact Sheets show that most counties are still predominantly rural. Only five counties are more than 0% urban and majority of counties have at least 0% of their populations residing in rural areas. (See figure 1). This is important from a political economy point of view. In Kenya s future County Assemblies, most members will be representing rural constituencies: the challenge will be to protect service delivery in urban areas, which are poles of economic development (thanks to agglomerations effects) and will generate the bulk of future county own revenues. Like urbanization, the distribution of poverty will have important implications for the design of fiscal transfers to counties. Besides highlighting the wide disparities in the distribution of poverty across Kenya, the Fact Sheets point to a connection between county poverty rates and other variables such as access to social services, urbanization or infrastructure development. To assess the performance of Kenya s counties in meeting the service and development needs of their population, it will be vital to develop systems for tracking the evolution of these key indicators at the county level over time. A major limitation in preparing the Fact Sheets has been the absence of current fiscal information revenues and expenditures at sub national level. In particular it has been impossible to date to assess the geographic allocation of deconcentrated spending by the central government, and therefore to develop a complete and clear picture of financial flows at the local level. Still, the Local Authority data displayed 0% Figure 1: Only five counties are more than 0% urban 0% 0% % 0% 0% 40% 0% 0% % 0% Nairobi Mombasa Kiambu Kisumu Machakos Nakuru Isiolo Kajiado U. Gishu Migori Vihiga Kericho Kilifi Laikipia Nyeri Garissa Taita Taveta Marsabit Bungoma Kisii Trans Nzoia Lamu Nyandarua Bomet Kwale Mandera Samburu Busia Murang'a Embu Kirinyaga Kakamega Tana River Wajir Elgeyo Marakwet Homa Bay Turkana Nyamira Kitui Nandi Meru Makueni Baringo Siaya Pokot Narok Tharaka Nithi Data Source: KNBS Urban Rural vii

12 in the Fact Sheets provide some interesting insights into, the types of urban service and infrastructure development costs that counties will be inheriting,as well as the own-revenue sources that counties will require to finance them. With specific reference to Local Authorities, transfers from the central government previously comprised of approximately 40% of local incomes, with property rates and business permits making up the biggest components of own-source revenues, especially for urban authorities. Rural authorities generally relied almost 0% on transfers, except in regions with touristic resources (e.g. game parks). The important point here is that, depending on their characteristics, counties will have varying capacity to generate revenue from their own resources (see figure ). With county functions increasing vastly over the next years, county own revenue sources are likely to remain comparable to what LAs collected, the importance of transfers will be major. Designing them in a way that provides appropriate funding for counties to meet their functions while taking into account own-revenue potential is a key challenge. Consistent with its mandate, the CRA will work with county governments to identify and enhance own source revenues. This is essential to minimize dependence by counties on transfers. The focus of county governments should therefore be on wealth creation, which will no doubt have multiplier effects within and across counties. The data on education and health, water and sanitation, access to electricity and the road network all tell the story of historical inequities and to some extent of the failure of the state to equalize opportunities for all Kenyans (see figure ). Kenyans have embraced devolution with such passion because they expect that it will help fill these service delivery gaps. Again, tracking county performance over time on these indicators will provide a good measure of the extent to which the constitutional promise has been met. In addition identifying good performers among Kenya s counties will generate lessons for others to emulate. Identifying good performance requires credible county-level statistics, a major motivation for these Fact Sheets. 0% Figure : Counties will have varying capacity to meet service delivery costs from their own revenue 0% 0% % 0% 0% 40% 0% 0% % 0% Strong dependence on transfers Strong own revenue base Nyamira Garissa Turkana Wajir West Pokot Mandera Makueni Homa Bay Siaya Vihiga Nandi Tana River Kisii Kakamega Bomet Bungoma Migori Trans Nzoia Marakwet Tharaka Baringo Kitui Meru Kwale Kisumu Lamu Busia Marsabit Nyandarua Kilifi Nakuru Kirinyaga Murang'a Kericho Kajiado Mombasa Nyeri Uasin Gishu Embu Taita Taveta Machakos Kiambu Laikipia Nairobi Samburu Isiolo Narok Data Source: LATF Annual Report for 00/0 Transfers Own revenues viii

13 Figure : County pattern of infrastructure development Roads, electricity & water Source: World Bank (0). Infrastructure for Shared Growth in Kenya A Bumpy Ride to Prosperity, August 0 ix

14 As stated in the Foreword, data is the cornerstone of firm policy decisions, and the CRA will work with all relevant agencies, particularly the Kenya National Bureau of Statistics (KNBS) to ensure that under Kenya s new system of devolved government, decisions on the equitable sharing of revenue are evidence-based, objective, trusted and predictable. In collaboration with the KNBS and other agencies, the CRA will also ensure that data definitions and norms are standardized, and that data collection and reporting mechanisms are synchronized across all counties. Especially, it will be the goal of the CRA to establish consensus around baseline data. To this end, data that will be used by the CRA in formulating its revenue-sharing recommendations will need to be accurate, regularly updated, independent and free of any local manipulation. These Fact Sheets are obviously incomplete. Perhaps the most glaring omission is information on county contributions to Kenya s Gross Domestic Product (GDP), which to date has not been disaggregated below the national level. Nonetheless, the CRA has settled on the option of quickly releasing this work-in-progress version of the Fact Sheets, so that the information therein might contribute to the finalization of critical devolution-related policy decisions and public debate. The Kenya County Fact Sheets will be updated periodically, as part of what must become a regular exercise of data collection and performance tracking at the local level. The CRA invites all readers to submit their suggestions for future publications. x

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17 BARINGO COUNTY - Kabarnet - Eldama Ravine - Marigat - Maji Mazuri - Mogotio - Timboroa Baringo,1, ,4,7,1 4,,1,0 Rank Kenya with primary education (%) with secondary education (%) Baringo Baringo Baringo Baringo Constituency and County Voter Statistics Baringo Central 7 1 Baringo East Eldama Ravine 4 Baringo North 1.% 1 Mogo o 0 00/04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 Source: Rural Electrification Authority. 00/04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/ Source: CDF Board Website. Source: Ministry of Medical Services. 1

18 BOMET COUNTY - Bomet - Sotik Bomet 7,, ,7, 1 with primary education (%) with secondary education (%) Bomet Bomet Bomet Bomet Constituency and County Voter Statistics % 1 Bomet So k Chepalungu Konoin /04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 Source: Rural Electrification Authority. 0 00/04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/ Source: CDF Board Website. Source: Ministry of Medical Services.

19 BUNGOMA COUNTY - Kimilili - Bungoma - Webuye - Malakisi - Chwele - Kapsokwony - Cheptais - Tongaren Bungoma 1,0,4, ,,7,,0 7,0,,, with primary education (%) with secondary education (%) Bungoma Bungoma Bungoma Bungoma Constituency and County Voter Statistics % Kimilili Amagoro Sirisia Webuye Kanduyi Bumula Mt. Elgon /04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 Source: Rural Electrification Authority. 00/04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/ Source: CDF Board Website. Source: Ministry of Medical Services.

20 BUSIA COUNTY - Busia - Malaba - Port Victoria - Nambale - Bumala Busia 4,07 1, ,1 1,477,1 4,, with primary education (%) with secondary education (%) Busia Busia ,0 Busia Busia Constituency and County Voter Statistics 0 1 Nambale Butula Funyula Budalangi 4 1.% /04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 Source: Rural Electrification Authority. 00/04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/ Source: CDF Board Website. Source: Ministry of Medical Services. 4

21 ELGEYO MARAKWET COUNTY - Iten/Tambach - Kapsowar - Kapcherop E. Marakwet,, , 4,4, with primary education (%) with secondary education (%) E. Marakwet E. Marakwet 4 1 E. Marakwet E. Marakwet Constituency and County Voter Statistics 7 1.0% Keiyo South Marakwet West Marakwet East Keiyo North /04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 Source: Rural Electrification Authority. 00/04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/ Source: CDF Board Website. Source: Ministry of Medical Services.

22 EMBU COUNTY - Embu - Runyenjes - Siakago Embu,, ,7 1,, with primary education (%) with secondary education (%) 0 74 Embu Embu 7-74 Embu Embu Constituency and County Voter Statistics 1.% Manya a Runyenjes Gachoka Siakago /04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 Source: Rural Electrification Authority. 00/04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/ Source: CDF Board Website. Source: Ministry of Medical Services.

23 GARISSA COUNTY - Garissa - Masalani - Daadab Garissa,00, 4..,,0, with primary education (%) with secondary education (%) 7 4 Garissa Garissa 1 4 Garissa Unavailable Garissa Constituency and County Voter Statistics 0.% Lagdera Dujis Fafi Ijara /04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 Source: Rural Electrification Authority. 00/04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/ Source: CDF Board Website. Source: Ministry of Medical Services. 7

24 HOMA BAY COUNTY - Homa Bay - Awendo - Mbita Point - Sindo Homa Bay,71, 1.1.,,,, 1 with primary education (%) with secondary education (%) Homa Bay Homa Bay 4 4 Homa Bay Homa Bay Constituency and County Voter Statistics 1 KASIPUL KABONDO 7 0.% RONGO RANGWE NDHIWA GWASI KARACHUONYO /04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 Source: Rural Electrification Authority. 00/04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/ Source: CDF Board Website. Source: Ministry of Medical Services.

25 ISIOLO COUNTY - Isiolo - Merti - Kinna - Garbatulla Isiolo,4, 7. 4,, 4,7, with primary education (%) with secondary education (%) 1 Isiolo Isiolo 1-1,01 Isiolo Isiolo Constituency and County Voter Statistics 0 Isiolo North 0.4% 4 Isiolo South /04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 Source: Rural Electrification Authority. 00/04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/ Source: CDF Board Website. Source: Ministry of Medical Services.

26 KAJIADO COUNTY - Ngong - Kitengela - Ongata Rongai - Kiserian - Kajiado - Loitokitok - Namanga - Isinya - Sultan Hamud - Bissil Kajiado 7, 1, ,1,7 40,,0,0,04,0,,, with primary education (%) with secondary education (%) 7 Kajiado Kajiado Kajiado Kajiado Constituency and County Voter Statistics 7 1.% 1 Kajiado North Kajiado Central Kajiado South /04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 Source: Rural Electrification Authority. 00/04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/ Source: CDF Board Website. Source: Ministry of Medical Services.

27 KAKAMEGA COUNTY - Mumias - Kakamega - Butere - Lumakanda - Malava Kakamega 1,0,1,01.0.,7 1,7,70,0 4,0 7 4 with primary education (%) with secondary education (%) Kakamega Kakamega Kakamega Kakamega Constituency and County Voter Statistics % Butere Ikolomani Khwisero Lugari Lurambi Malava Matungu Mumias Shinyalu /04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 Source: Rural Electrification Authority. 00/04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/ Source: CDF Board Website. Source: Ministry of Medical Services.

28 KERICHO COUNTY - Kericho - Kipkelion - Londiani - Litein - Kabuti Kericho 7,, ,0 4,70 4,, 4, with primary education (%) with secondary education (%) Kericho Kericho 1 74 Kericho Kericho Constituency and County Voter Statistics 07 0.% Kipkelion Belgut Ainamoi Buret /04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 Source: Rural Electrification Authority. 00/04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/ Source: CDF Board Website. Source: Ministry of Medical Services.

29 KIAMBU COUNTY - Ruiru - Kikuyu - Thika - Karuri - Kiambu - Limuru - Juja - Githunguri - Gatundu Kiambu 1,,,4. 0.,,1 1, 7,7 4, 7,1 40,,007, with primary education (%) with secondary education (%) 7 Kiambu Kiambu Kiambu Kiambu Constituency and County Voter Statistics % Juja Kabete Kiambaa Githunguri Limuru Lari Gatundu South 47 1 Gatundu North /04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 Source: Rural Electrification Authority. 00/04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/ Source: CDF Board Website. Source: Ministry of Medical Services. 1

30 KILIFI COUNTY - Malindi - Kilifi - Mtwapa - Mariakani - Watamu - Majengo - Mazeras - Magarini - Njabini - Marereni - Kaloleni Kilifi 1,,7, ,,,,0,00 7,7,,01,04,4, with primary education (%) with secondary education (%) Kilifi Kilifi 1 7 Kilifi Kilifi Constituency and County Voter Statistics 1.% 1 Bahari Kaloleni Malindi Magarini Ganze /04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 Source: Rural Electrification Authority. 00/04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/ Source: CDF Board Website. Source: Ministry of Medical Services.

31 KIRINYAGA COUNTY - Wanguru - Kerugoya/Kutus - Sagana - Kagumo - Kagio Kirinyaga,04 1,47 7.., 1,4,1,, with primary education (%) with secondary education (%) Kirinyaga Kirinyaga Kirinyaga Kirinyaga Constituency and County Voter Statistics 11.0% 0 Mwea Gichugu Kerugoya/kutus Ndia /04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 Source: Rural Electrification Authority. 00/04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/ Source: CDF Board Website. Source: Ministry of Medical Services.

32 KISII COUNTY - Kisii - Suneka - Keroka - Tabaka - Ogembo - Mogonga Kisii 1,,4, ,01 0,,4,1,47, with primary education (%) with secondary education (%) Kisii Kisii Kisii Kisii Constituency and County Voter Statistics Kuria Kitutu Chache 01 Bomachoge Bobasi South Mugirango.% Nyaribari Chache 1 Nyaribari Masaba Bonchari 00/04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 Source: Rural Electrification Authority. 00/04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/ Source: CDF Board Website. Source: Ministry of Medical Services.

33 KISUMU COUNTY - Kisumu - Awasi - Ahero - Oyugis - Muhoroni - Kendu Bay - Chemelil - Maseno Kisumu,0, ,, 0,70,41 4,47,747 7,, with primary education (%) with secondary education (%) 0 Kisumu Kisumu 00 Kisumu Kisumu Constituency and County Voter Statistics 4 Kisumu Town East Muhoroni.7% Kisumu Rural Nyando Kisumu Town West Nyakach /04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 Source: Rural Electrification Authority. 00/04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/ Source: CDF Board Website. Source: Ministry of Medical Services.

34 KITUI COUNTY - Kitui - Mwingi Kitui 1,0, 0,4. 1.,, with primary education (%) with secondary education (%) 1 Kitui Kitui Kitui Kitui Constituency and County Voter Statistics 0 Mwingi North 0 Mwingi South Kitui Central 1.% 7 Kitui South Kitui West Mu to 1 00/04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/ Source: Rural Electrification Authority. Source: CDF Board Website. Source: Ministry of Medical Services.

35 KWALE COUNTY - Ukunda - Kwale - Msambweni - Kinango - Lunga Lunga Kwale 4,1, , 1,0, 7,, with primary education (%) with secondary education (%) Kwale Kwale 7 0 Kwale..... Kwale Constituency and County Voter Statistics 1.% Msambweni Kinango Matuga /04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 Source: Rural Electrification Authority. 00/04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/ Source: CDF Board Website. Source: Ministry of Medical Services. 1

36 LAIKIPIA COUNTY - Nanyuki - Nyahururu - Rumuruti - Kinamba Laikipia,7, ,1,40,04, with primary education (%) with secondary education (%) 40 4 Laikipia Laikipia 7 7 Laikipia Laikipia Constituency and County Voter Statistics Laikipia West 1.% Laikipia East 00/04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/ Source: Rural Electrification Authority. Source: CDF Board Website. Source: Ministry of Medical Services. 0

37 LAMU COUNTY - Lamu Lamu 1,,.7 1., with primary education (%) with secondary education (%) 1 Lamu.. Lamu Unavailable Lamu 77 1,0 -,0 Lamu Constituency and County Voter Statistics Lamu West 0.% 1 Lamu East /04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/ Source: Rural Electrification Authority. Source: CDF Board Website. Source: Ministry of Medical Services. 1

38 MACHAKOS COUNTY - Kangundo-Tala - Machakos - Mavoko - Kathiani - Masii Machakos 1,0,4,0 7..0,7 0,0 1,,,01 with primary education (%) with secondary education (%) Machakos Machakos 1 0 Machakos Machakos Constituency and County Voter Statistics Kathiani Kangundo Machakos Town.% 1 Mwala Ya a Masinga /04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/ Source: Rural Electrification Authority. Source: CDF Board Website. Source: Ministry of Medical Services.

39 MAKUENI COUNTY - Wote - Makindu - Emali - Kibwezi - Mtito Andei - Machinery Makueni 4,, ,7,1 7,0,71 4,0, with primary education (%) with secondary education (%) Makueni Makueni - 0 Makueni Makueni Constituency and County Voter Statistics.4% 0 Kibwezi Makueni Mbooni Kai Kilome /04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/ Source: Rural Electrification Authority. Source: CDF Board Website. Source: Ministry of Medical Services.

40 MANDERA COUNTY - Mandera - Rhamu - Elwak - Takaba Mandera 1,0,7, ,,7, 1, with primary education (%) with secondary education (%) Mandera Mandera 11 0 Mandera Mandera Constituency and County Voter Statistics % Mandera Central Mandera West Mandera East /04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 Source: Rural Electrification Authority. 00/04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/ Source: CDF Board Website. Source: Ministry of Medical Services.

41 MARSABIT COUNTY - Moyale - Marsabit - Sololo - Loiyangalani - Laisamis Marsabit 1,1,1 4..0,7,07,4 4,0, with primary education (%) with secondary education (%) 1 Marsabit Marsabit Marsabit Marsabit Constituency and County Voter Statistics % Moyale North Horr Laisamis Saku /04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/ Source: Rural Electrification Authority. Source: CDF Board Website. Source: Ministry of Medical Services.

42 MERU COUNTY - Meru - Chuka - Chogoria - Maua - Timau - Nkubu - Kinna - Lare - Mitunguu Meru 1,,01, 1..0, 4,4,4,, 7,1 4,7 4,, with primary education (%) with secondary education (%) 0 Meru Meru Meru Meru Constituency and County Voter Statistics North Imen Igembe Ntonyiri South Imen 7 Tigania East.% 1 Central Imen Tigania West /04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/ Source: Rural Electrification Authority. Source: CDF Board Website. Source: Ministry of Medical Services.

43 MIGORI COUNTY - Rongo - Migori - Kehancha - Sori - Muhuru Bay Migori,0 1, ,0,0 0,,4, with primary education (%) with secondary education (%) Migori Migori 4 4 1,0 Migori Migori Constituency and County Voter Statistics 11.0% 1 Migori Nya ke Uriri Mbita /04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/ Source: Rural Electrification Authority. Source: CDF Board Website. Source: Ministry of Medical Services.

44 MOMBASA COUNTY - Mombasa Mombasa, 1 4, 0.0,11 47 with primary education (%) with secondary education (%) Mombasa Mombasa , Mombasa Mombasa Constituency and County Voter Statistics 40.% Kisauni Changamwe Likoni Mvita /04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 Source: Rural Electrification Authority. 00/04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/ Source: CDF Board Website. Source: Ministry of Medical Services.

45 MURANG A COUNTY - Makuyu - Murang a - Maragua - Kabati - Kangari - Kiria-ini Murang a 4,1,.,007,77,4,,, with primary education (%) with secondary education (%) 1 1 Murang a Murang a Murang a Murang a Constituency and County Voter Statistics % Kiharu Gatanga Kandara Maragwa Kigumo Mathioya Kangema /04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 Source: Rural Electrification Authority. 00/04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/ Source: CDF Board Website. Source: Ministry of Medical Services.

46 NAIROBI COUNTY - Nairobi Nairobi,1, 4,. 0.0,1, with primary education (%) with secondary education (%) 0 Nairobi Nairobi - 1,477 Nairobi Unavailable Unavailable Nairobi Constituency and County Voter Statistics % 7 Embakasi Kasarani Lang'ata Dagore Starehe Kamukunji Westlands Makadara /04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 Source: Rural Electrification Authority. 4 00/04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/ Source: CDF Board Website. Source: Ministry of Medical Services. 0

47 NAKURU COUNTY - Nakuru - Naivasha - Molo - Gilgil - Njoro - Mai Mahiu - Subukia - Dundori - Salgaa - Mau Narok - Bahati - Rongai - Olenguruone Nakuru 1,0, 7, ,0, 40,1,,1,0 7,0,1 4,740 4,7,,, with primary education (%) with secondary education (%) Nakuru Nakuru Nakuru Nakuru Constituency and County Voter Statistics Naivasha 0 0 Nakuru Town 4.7% 4 Molo Kuresoi Subukia Rongai /04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/ Source: Rural Electrification Authority. Source: CDF Board Website. Source: Ministry of Medical Services. 1

48 NANDI COUNTY - Kapsabet - Nandi Hills Nandi 7,, ,0, with primary education (%) with secondary education (%) Nandi Nandi 0 Nandi Nandi Constituency and County Voter Statistics % Emgwen Tinderet Mosop Aldai /04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/ Source: Rural Electrification Authority. Source: CDF Board Website. Source: Ministry of Medical Services.

49 NAROK COUNTY - Narok - Kilgoris - Nairagie Enkare - Lolgorian Narok 0,0, 47..,,,07, with primary education (%) with secondary education (%) Narok Narok - Narok Narok Constituency and County Voter Statistics 1.7% Narok South Kilgoris Narok North /04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/ Source: Rural Electrification Authority. Source: CDF Board Website. Source: Ministry of Medical Services.

50 NYAMIRA COUNTY - Nyamira - Nyansiongo Nyamira,.1.0,, with primary education (%) with secondary education (%) 7 1 Nyamira Nyamira 1 Nyamira Nyamira Constituency and County Voter Statistics 1 1.% 0 North Mugirango Kitutu Masaba West Mugirango 0 00/04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/ Source: Rural Electrification Authority. Source: CDF Board Website. Source: Ministry of Medical Services. 4

51 NYANDARUA COUNTY - Ol Kalou - Mairo-inya - Engineer Nyandarua,, 4 4..,0,, with primary education (%) with secondary education (%) Nyandarua Nyandarua 1 Nyandarua Nyandarua Constituency and County Voter Statistics 1 1.% Ol Kalou Kinangop Kipipiri Ndaragwa /04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/ Source: Rural Electrification Authority. Source: CDF Board Website. Source: Ministry of Medical Services.

52 NYERI COUNTY - Nyeri - Karatina - Naro Moru - Othaya - Mweiga - Endarasha Nyeri,,7 0.7.,,4,0,1,, with primary education (%) with secondary education (%) 4 Nyeri Nyeri 4 4 Nyeri Nyeri Constituency and County Voter Statistics.% 7 4 Kieni Mathira Nyeri Town Othaya Mukurwe -Ini Tetu /04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/ Source: Rural Electrification Authority. Source: CDF Board Website. Source: Ministry of Medical Services.

53 SAMBURU COUNTY - Maralal - Baragoi - Archers Post - Wamba Samburu,47 1,0 7.0.,0 7,,, with primary education (%) with secondary education (%) 1 Samburu Samburu Samburu Unavailable 0. 4 Samburu Constituency and County Voter Statistics Samburu East 0.% Samburu West /04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/ Source: Rural Electrification Authority. Source: CDF Board Website. Source: Ministry of Medical Services.

54 SIAYA COUNTY - Bondo - Siaya - Usenge - Ugunja - Yala - Ukwala - Ndori Siaya 4,04,0..,4,,0 7,,4,7, with primary education (%) with secondary education (%) Siaya Siaya Siaya Siaya Constituency and County Voter Statistics % 1 1 Ugenya Alego Gem Bondo Rarieda 00/04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 Source: Rural Electrification Authority. 00/04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/ Source: CDF Board Website. Source: Ministry of Medical Services.

55 TAITA TAVETA COUNTY - Wundanyi - Taveta - Voi - Mwatate Taita Taveta 4,7,04 4..,404 1,,, with primary education (%) with secondary education (%) Taita Taveta Taita Taveta 0 1,11 Taita Taveta Taita Taveta Constituency and County Voter Statistics 7 0.% Voi Mwatate Taveta Wundanyi /04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/ Source: Rural Electrification Authority. Source: CDF Board Website. Source: Ministry of Medical Services.

56 TANA RIVER COUNTY - Hola - Madogo - Garsen Tana River 0,07,4 7..0,7,, with primary education (%) with secondary education (%) 1 Tana River Tana River Tana River Tana River Constituency and County Voter Statistics 7 0.% Garsen Bura Galole /04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/ Source: Rural Electrification Authority. Source: CDF Board Website. Source: Ministry of Medical Services. 40

57 THARAKA-NITHI COUNTY Tharaka-N.,0, with primary education (%) with secondary education (%) 7 Tharaka-N Tharaka-N. 1 Tharaka-N Tharaka-N Constituency and County Voter Statistics Nithi 1.% Tharaka /04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/ Source: Rural Electrification Authority. Source: CDF Board Website. Source: Ministry of Medical Services.

58 TRANS NZOIA COUNTY - Kitale - Kiminini Trans Nzoia,77, ,7, with primary education (%) with secondary education (%) 4 0 Trans Nzoia Trans Nzoia Trans Nzoia Trans Nzoia Constituency and County Voter Statistics 7 1.% 1 Sabo Kwanza Cheranganyi 1 00/04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/ Source: Rural Electrification Authority. Source: CDF Board Website. Source: Ministry of Medical Services. 4

59 TURKANA COUNTY - Lodwar - Kakuma - Lokichogio TTurkana,, ,,7, with primary education (%) with secondary education (%) Turkana Turkana Turkana Turkana Constituency and County Voter Statistics 4 0.% Turkana North Turkana Central Turkana South /04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 Source: Rural Electrification Authority. 00/04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/ Source: CDF Board Website. Source: Ministry of Medical Services. 4

60 UASIN GISHU COUNTY - Eldoret - Moi s Bridge - Matunda - Burnt Forest - Jua Kali - Turbo Uasin Gishu 4,, ,0,,01 4,,4, with primary education (%) with secondary education (%) Uasin Gishu Uasin Gishu Uasin Gishu Uasin Gishu Constituency and County Voter Statistics 1.4% 1 Eldoret North Eldoret South Eldoret East /04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/ Source: Rural Electrification Authority. Source: CDF Board Website. Source: Ministry of Medical Services.

61 VIHIGA COUNTY - Vihiga - Luanda Vihiga 4, 1 1, , 4, with primary education (%) with secondary education (%) 7 Vihiga Vihiga 1 0 Vihiga Vihiga Constituency and County Voter Statistics 1 1.% Emuhaya Hamisi Saba a Vihiga /04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/ Source: Rural Electrification Authority. Source: CDF Board Website. Source: Ministry of Medical Services. 4

62 WAJIR COUNTY - Wajir - Habaswein Wajir 1,, 4.0.,00, with primary education (%) with secondary education (%) 7 Wajir Wajir 40 Wajir Wajir Constituency and County Voter Statistics 0.% 1 Wajir East Wajir West Wajir North Wajir South /04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/ Source: Rural Electrification Authority. Source: CDF Board Website. Source: Ministry of Medical Services. 4

63 WEST POKOT COUNTY - Kapenguria West Pokot,0,.. 4, with primary education (%) with secondary education (%) 1 West Pokot West Pokot West Pokot West Pokot Constituency and County Voter Statistics 1 0.% Kapenguria Sigor Kacheliba /04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/04 004/0 00/0 00/07 007/0 00/0 00/ Source: Rural Electrification Authority. Source: CDF Board Website. Source: Ministry of Medical Services. 47

64 CRA FUNCTIONS AS PER THE CONSTITUTION CRA FUNCTIONS AS PER THE CONSTITUTION 1. Recommend the basis of equitable sharing of revenue raised na onally between Na onal and County Governments (Art. ) (1) (b). Recommend the basis of equitable sharing of revenue raised by Na onal Government among County Governments (Art. )(1)(b). Recommend on ma ers concerning the financing of both County and Na onal Governments (Art. )() 4. Recommend on ma ers concerning financial management of both the County and Na onal Governments (Art. )(). Define and enhance revenue sources of Na onal Government (Art. )()(b). Define and enhance revenue sources of County Governments (Art. ()(b) 7. Encourage fiscal responsibility by Na onal Government (Art. ()(c). Encourage fiscal responsibility by County Governments (Art. ()(c). Be consulted and recommenda ons be considered before Parliament passes any Bill appropria ng money out of the Equaliza on Fund (Art. 04 (4)). Be consulted on any Bill that includes provisions dealing with sharing of revenue (Art. 0). Be consulted on any Bill that includes provisions dealing with any financial ma er concerning County Governments (Art. 0). Publish and review the policy that sets out criteria for iden fying marginal areas in actualiza on of the Equaliza on Fund (Art. 0) 1. A CRA commissioner to par cipate, but shall not vote, in the mee ngs of the Commission for Implementa on of Cons tu on (Schedule part (). CRA shall be consulted and their recommenda ons considered by Parliament for all laws being enacted rela ng to Devolved Government (schedule part (1) Note: Recommenda ons are submi ed to Senate, the Na onal Assembly, the Na onal Execu ve, County Assembly and County Execu ve (Art. )

65 P. O. BOX NAIROBI TEL: info@crakenya.org WEBSITE: THE WORLD BANK Fiscal Decentralization Knowledge Program (FDKP) Australian High Commission P. O. Box - 00 Nairobi, Kenya Telephone: Fax: Treasury Building, Harambee Avenue P. O. Box Nairobi, Kenya Telephone: Fax: Hill Park, Upper Hill Road P. O. Box Nairobi, Kenya Telephone: Fax: Design by Robert Waiharo