Animal Reproduction. Male Reproduction. # lectures for cumulative test # 02 book 12. Reproductive cyclicity: terminology and basic concepts

Transcription

1 Animal Reproduction JP Advis DVM, Ph.D. Bartlett Hall, Animal Sciences, Cook, (732) , 17 Course website: rci.rutgers.edu/~advis Material to be covered: About lecture Meetings 01-02: Introduction to Animal Reproduction (2) Meetings 03-04: Reproductive Structures and their Functions (2) Meetings 05-07: The HPG axis and its Liposoluble and Watersoluble Hormones (3) Meetings 08-09: The Neuroendocrine Control of Male and Female Puberty Onset (2) Meetings 10-11: REVIEW AND TEST #1 Meetings 12-17: Female and Male Reproduction and Techniques for their Control (6) Meetings 18-19: REVIEW AND TEST #2 Meetings 20-21: Reproductive Behavior and the Spermatozoa in the Female Tract (2) Meetings 22-23: Embryogenesis, Placentation, Parturition and Lactation (3) Meetings 24-25: Puerperium, Lactation and Reproductive Ageing (2) Meeting 26 Reproductive Pathology and Case Studies (1) Meetings 27-28: REVIEW AND TEST #3 AND TEST #4 slides: There are not intended to be the sole source for studying the course material!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Slides are good to review the course material after you have study your course textbook Slides are a good indicator of the relative importance of lecture topics (see slide # per topic) Group slides by titles when using them to review course material. Match lectures and text. Male Reproduction # lectures for cumulative test # 02 book 12 Reproductive cyclicity: terminology and basic concepts Reproductive cyclicity: the follicular phase Reproductive cyclicity: the luteal phase Reproductive cyclicity: techniques for controlling female reproductive processes 16 Endocrinology of the male and the spermatogenesis process Endocrinology of the male and techniques to control male reproductive processes 18 REVIEW material from lecture # 12 through lecture # EXAM # 02 - material from lecture # 01 through lecture # Page 1

2 GnRH FSH LH T The hormonal control of male reproductive function Reproductive Techniques GnRH FSH LH T & The hormonal control of male reproductive function Page 2

3 GnRH FSH LH T The hormonal control of male reproductive function Reproductive Techniques A = herd members in heat and inseminated (%) B = inseminator efficiency (%) C = fertility level of the herd (%) D = semen fertility level (%) A 95% 60% B 100% 100% C 90% 90% D 81% 51% (heat detection / synchronization and % of pregnancy resulting from AI) Page 3

4 FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE CYCLE average activity range 18 in standing heat 6-30 (hours) 14 ovulation after heat 6-18 ends (hours) 21 heat cycle (days) 280 gestation period (days) Reproductive Techniques WHEN TO INSEMINATE breeding range 6 18 h ovulation 27.6 h 8 h ova viability 24 h sperm viability Page 4

5 mounting / riding EARLY mounts other cows MIDDLE stands to be ridden, does not mount others LATE do not stand but mount others SIGNS TO LOOK FOR DURING AN 18h PERIOD behavior bawling, fence walking spooky, butts/ trails others, very nervous complacent, friendly, trails/ licks others, does not eat, still restless all signs of nervousness, trail/head butting dissapears external genitalia lips of vulva red and slightly swollen lips of vulva red & swollen vaginal wall moist and glistening swelling decreased mucus very little and watery, will see quantity when mounting others abundant and clear, copious in amount Decreased in amount and very sticky & rubbery in consistency bloody discharge none seldom ovservable 1-3 days after all signs of riding ceased hair on tail/ head ruffled & matted no, but may be on cows mounted by animal coming in heat slightly to very most pronounced at any time mounting / riding behavior external genitalia mucus bloody discharge hair on tail / head ruffled and matted EARLY mounts other cows MIDDLE stands to be ridden, does not mount others LATE do not stand but mount others bawling, fence walking spooky, butts/ trails others, very nervous complacent, friendly, trails/ licks others, does not eat, still restless all signs of nervousness, trail/head butting dissapears lips of vulva red and slightly swollen lips of vulva red & swollen vaginal wall moist and glistening swelling decreased very little and watery, will see quantity when mounting others abundant and clear, copious in amount Decreased in amount and very sticky & rubbery in consistency none seldom ovservable 1-3 days after all signs of riding ceased no, but may be on cows mounted by animal coming in heat slightly to very most pronounced at any time Page 5

6 Reproductive Techniques Page 6

7 Page 7

8 (MGA, melengestrol acetate, a progestin) Page 8

9 (MGA, melengestrol acetate, a progestin) Reproductive Techniques Page 9

10 Crater Defect Tapered Head Raffled Acrosome Knobbed Acrosome Coiled Tail Double Midpiece Folded Tail Detached Head Reproductive Techniques GOOD SEMINAL EXTENDERS: Must be isotonic Must be good buffers Must minimize cold damage Must provide appropiate nutrients Must prevent microbial growth Must maintain sperm viability Must be relatively low in cost Page 10

11 Reproductive Techniques Page 11

12 Reproductive Techniques Page 12

13 Insemination into the uterine horns can reduce sperm loss Page 13

14 Page 14

15 OFFSPRING RATIOS OF SPERMATOZOA SORTED FOR THE X AND Y CHROMOSOME SORTED FOR Y % MALE % FEMALE CATTLE RABBIT SWINE SORTED FOR X % MALE % FEMALE CATTLE RABBIT SWINE Reproductive Techniques Condoms, withdrawal, vasectomy, and castration are main male contraceptives Page 15

16 A research goal is to develop oral contraceptive pills for males, similar to those available for women Page 16

17 Q7 Comments on your weekly questions Page 17

18 Page 18