How can Open Data enhance the fight against corruption? Insights from the African continent

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "How can Open Data enhance the fight against corruption? Insights from the African continent"

Byron Fox
8 years ago
Views:

1 How can Open Data enhance the fight against corruption? Insights from the African continent Special Event at the 6th Session of the CoSP, Saint Peterburg, 4 November 2015

2 Outline of the Presentation 1) OGP/EITI/FITI 2) Access to information legislation 3) Asset disclosure in West/Central Africa 4) Investigative journalism 5) Beneficial ownership of companies 6) Case law of corruption cases 7) Data on anti corruption authorities 8) Open data in the security and defence sector

journalism 5) Beneficial ownership of companies 6) Case law of corruption

3 Open Government Partnership (OGP)

4 Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI)

5 FITI Fishery Industry Transparency Initiative Launched in January 2015 at a Conference on Extractive Industries in Nouakchott, Mauritania Founded and chaired by Peter Eigen, Founder of Transparency International 1st International Advisory Group meeting took place in July 2015, 2 nd meeting in October st Global Conference to be held in December 2015 in Mauritania Contributes to SDG Goal 14: Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development.

Group meeting took place in July 2015, 2 nd meeting in October 2015.

6 Access to information legislation (article 10 / article 13 UNCAC)

7 Asset Disclosure Regional Conference for West and Central Africa DAKAR, SENEGAL, May 2014

9 International standards/obligations in Africa African Union Convention on Preventing and Combatting Corruption Article 7.1 States Parties commit themselves to: Require all or designated public officials to declare their assets at the time of assumption of office, during and after their term of office in the public service ECOWAS Protocole Article 5 g: Each State Party shall take measures to establish and consolidate: (g) policies that oblige public officials to disclose assets, liabilities and copies of their income tax returns. The disclosure rules should be extended to at least the spouses and dependent children of the public officials.

their term of office in the public service ECOWAS Protocole Article 5 g: Each State Party shall take measures to establish and consolidate: (g) policies that

10 WHO should declare? DECLARANTS: Declarants should include all civil and military high level authorities, public officials having financial responsibilities, public officials having a decision making power and public officials particularly exposed to corruption risks, including judges, prosecutors, parliamentarians, elected officials, local authorities, chief executives of public and para public companies, members of anticorruption authorities, commanders of security forces, authorizing officers, public accountants, and all managers of organisations significantly subsidized by the state. Excerpt from the Dakar Declaration on Asset Disclosure (May 2014)

decision making power and public officials particularly exposed to corruption risks, including judges, prosecutors, parliamentarians, elected officials, local

12 Number of declarants

13 Declare WHAT? ASSETS TO DECLARE: The assets to declare should include real estate, tangible and intangible movable property, incomes of any kind, sponsored trips, debts, gifts, life insurances, local and foreign bank account assets, shares in companies, inheritances, livestock, and unexplained variations, etc., that affected the assets of the declarant. Excerpt from the Dakar Declaration on Asset Disclosure (May 2014)

property, incomes of any kind, sponsored trips, debts, gifts, life insurances, local and foreign bank

14 Declare WHEN? FREQUENCY: Asset declarations should be submitted on a regular periodical basis, including during the mandate of the public official, so the real and current situation can be monitored, as well as the substantial variations of asset. Excerpt from the Dakar Declaration on Asset Disclosure (May 2014)

basis, including during the mandate of the public official, so the real and

16 How collect? TECHNOLOGY: The institutions in charge of asset declarations should invest in the development and the ability to handle new technologies in order to enhance the effectiveness of their system. Excerpt from the Dakar Declaration on Asset Disclosure (May 2014)

19 Public access? TRANSPARENCY: Asset declarations should be accessible to the public subject to compliance with the right to privacy and the protection of personal data. Excerpt from the Dakar Declaration on Asset Disclosure (May 2014)

20 Public access

21 Good practice: Niger niger.org

22 Good practice: Niger niger.org

23 Next step: In Georgia, you can submit or search asset declarations using smartphones

24 Using open data Investigative journalism ANCIR: African Network of Centres for Investigative Reporting (South Africa) CENOZO: Norbert Zongo Cell for Investigative Journalism in West Africa (est. July 2015 in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso)

25 Transparency in beneficial ownership of corporate entities (Article 12 c )

26 Case law of corruption cases

27 Data on anti corruption authorities in West Africa Bénin Burkina Faso Cabo Verde Côte d'ivoire Ghana Guinée Guinée-Bissau Liberia Mali Niger Nigeria Sénégal Sierra Leone Togo Autorité Nationale de Lutte contre la Corruption (ANLC) Autorité Supérieure de Contrôle d'etat (ASCE) Procuradoria-General da Republica Haute Autorité pour la Bonne Gouvernance Commission on Human Rights and Administrative Justice (CHRAJ) Agence Nationale de Lutte contre la Corruption et de promotion de la bonne gouvernance (ANLC) Inspeção Superior Contra a Corrupção (ISCC) Liberia Anti-Corruption Commission (LACC) Bureau du Vérificateur Général (BVG) Haute Autorité de Lutte contre la Corruption et les Infractions Assimilées (HALCIA) Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) Office National de Lutte contre la Fraude et la Corruption (OFNAC) Anti-Corruption Commission (ACC) Commission Nationale de Lutte contre la Corruption et le Sabotage Economique (CNLCSE)

28 Network of Anti Corruption Institutions in West Africa (NACIWA) in 2015

29 Funding for ACAs Annual Budgets 2014 in $US Budget in $US in 2014 Population size in 2013 Funding per citizen in $US Funding per citizen in FCFA Nigeria (EFCC + ICPC) 90,000, ,600, Sierra Leone (ACC) 7,782,000 6,092, Mali (BVG) 6,930,000 15,300, Ghana (CHRAJ) 4,304,000 25,900, Côte d'ivoire (HABG) 2,252,000 20,320, Liberia (LACC) 2,141,000 4,292, Sénégal (OFNAC) 2,078,000 14,130, Burkina Faso (ASCE) 1,888,000 16,930, Niger (HALCIA) 1,734,000 17,830, Bénin (ANLC) 693,000 10,320, Guinée Bissau (ISCC) 135,000 1,704, Guinée (ANLC) ,750, Togo (CNLCSE) 34,000 6,817, Average 9,238,077 24,998, Source: Survey administered to NACIWA members, February 2015

30 Statistics as of February 2015 Case handling from creation of the institution till Feb # of complaints # of investigations # of prosecutions # of convictions Nigeria (EFCC) Sierra Leone (ACC) Mali (BVG) Togo (CNLCSE) Guinée Bissau (ISCC) Burkina Faso (ASCE) Guinée (ANLC) Bénin (ANLC) Côte d'ivoire (HABG) Ghana (CHRAJ) Liberia (LACC) Niger (HALCIA) Sénégal (OFNAC)

31 Launch of the NACIWA Anti Corruption Academy for West Africa in Abuja, Nigeria, in 2015

32 Terrorist threat in West Africa 2015 AQIM ISIS Macina Liberation Movement Ansar Dine Boko Haram IS Based on UNODC ROSEN Research Section, 2015

33 Open data in the police

34 Transparency in public procurement and national budgets (Article 9 UNCAC) Source: Transparency International, Regional Results, Middle East and North Africa, Government Defence Anti Corruption Index

35 Thank you

ECOWAS COUNTER-TERRORISM STRATEGY AND IMPLEMENTATION PLAN Draft Dr Deo Barakamfitiye

ECOWAS COUNTER-TERRORISM STRATEGY AND IMPLEMENTATION PLAN Draft Dr Deo Barakamfitiye Director, ISS Regional Office for West Africa dbarakamfitiye@issafrica.org 0 www.issafrica.org OUTLINE Historical Overview