Welsh Government Housing Policy - Regulation
|
|
|
- Rosalyn Copeland
- 10 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Welsh Government Housing Policy - Regulation Financial Viability Judgement March 2014
2 Financial Viability Judgement The Welsh Ministers have powers under the Housing Act 1996 to regulate Registered Social Landlords (RSLs) in Wales in relation to the provision of housing and matters relating to governance and financial management. Part 1 of the 1996 Act is amended by Part 2 of the Housing (Wales) Measure 2011 ( The Measure ) and provides the Welsh Ministers with enhanced regulatory and intervention powers concerning the provision of housing by registered social landlords and the enforcement action that may be taken against them. The Welsh Ministers are publishing this financial viability judgement under section 35 of the Housing Act This report sets out the Welsh Government s financial viability judgement and is designed to provide the RSL, its tenants, service users and other stakeholders with an understanding of the RSL s financial viability. The term Association has been used throughout the report to refer to Registered Social Landlords (RSLs). Housing Regulation Team Welsh Government Housing Division Merthyr Tydfil Office Rhydycar CF48 1UZ e mail: [email protected] WG20492 Crown Copyright 2014
3 Description of the Association Merthyr Valleys Homes Limited (Merthyr Valleys Homes) is registered as an Industrial and Provident Society and has charitable rules. It was created following a large scale voluntary transfer from Merthyr Tydfil County Borough Council on 30 March The Association owns and manages around 4,000 general needs homes, 200 sheltered homes and 34 commercial units. It also provides services to around 300 homeowners. The current focus of Merthyr Valleys Homes is the investment in its existing housing stock to meet the requirements of the Welsh Housing Quality Standard during For the year ending 31 March 2013, the Association s turnover was 14.1m (2012: 13.5m), its retained surplus was 2.6m (2012: 1.1m) and it employed 186 staff (2012: 178). 1
4 Overall Conclusion Our judgement of the Association s financial viability remains unchanged from last year. As at 31 March 2014, the judgement is: Pass The Association has adequate resources to meet its current and forecasted future business and financial commitments. Our judgement is explained as follows: 1. The 30 year financial forecast has been prepared using a reasonable set of assumptions and it shows the Association continuing to meet its lenders covenants. 2. The Association has adequate secured loan facilities in place in order to fund its forecasted spending on property maintenance and improvements, and it has sufficient income generating ability to service and repay such borrowings. The Association has 80% of its debt at a fixed rate of interest, thereby ensuring that it has a high level of certainty in relation to this cost. The assumptions made in relation to the debt at a variable rate of interest are reasonable. 3. The Association s 30 year forecast shows that it should continue to operate well within the lenders covenants under most scenarios. 4. The level of costs included in the forecast appears reasonable in order to deliver the Welsh Housing Quality Standard by the Association s target date of The Association s financial results to date and its 30 year forecast demonstrates that it does not rely on property sales and commercial activities to fund its operations. 6. During 2013/14 the impact of the UK Government s Welfare Reforms has been within the expectations of the Association. The Association has assumed that their current bad debt provision of 5% for 2014 & 2015, reducing back to 3% long term (increased from 1% in 2012/13) will be sufficient to accommodate the impact of the UK Government s Universal Credit provisions. We are satisfied that the assumptions made by the Association are reasonable given its current experience. 7. The Association receives 2.9m per year dowry funding from the Welsh Government. The Welsh Ministers currently intend to offer financial assistance for 30 years from the date of transfer (subject to the terms and conditions set out in the offer letter) and acknowledge that the Association s 30 year business plan is predicated on the assumption that financial assistance will continue to be offered for that period. 2
5 Sources of information and regulatory activity The following information is received from Associations and reviewed by the Welsh Government: Audited annual accounts, including the internal controls assurance statement; External auditors management letter; 30 year financial forecasts; Quarterly management accounts; Private finance returns; 5 year business plans; Welfare Reform data collection; Internal Audit reports; Board papers, as requested; Financial and risk management information collected through undertaking regulatory engagement. This is in addition to regulatory engagement with the Association. Basis of financial viability judgement This judgement is based on information submitted by the RSL and our accumulated knowledge and experience of the RSL, its management and the RSL sector as a whole. In preparing this report, the Welsh Ministers have relied on the information supplied by or on behalf of the RSL. The Board and the Directors of the RSL remain responsible for the completeness and accuracy of such information. This report has been prepared for the RSL as a regulatory assessment. It must not be relied upon by any other party or for any other purpose. Any other parties are responsible for making their own investigations or enquiries. The financial element of the regulatory assessment is undertaken throughout the year and culminates in a financial viability judgement which is issued to each housing association at the end of March each year. There are three categories of financial viability judgement: pass, pass with closer regulatory monitoring, or fail. Where the judgement is pass with closer regulatory monitoring, the Welsh Ministers are of the view that additional work and/or scrutiny, is required to provide stronger assurance on financial viability. Where a judgement of fail applies, the Welsh Ministers will have already been working closely with the association to address the underlying issues. 3
6 Annex 1: Glossary Gearing is defined as the level of a company s debt compared to its equity capital, usually expressed in percentage form. For housing associations this is typically calculated as debt divided by net assets and capital grants. Most associations have gearing covenants that they need to comply with as part of their loan agreements. Interest cover is defined as the ability of a company to pay its interest cost on its outstanding debt. This is typically calculated as earnings before interest divided by interest payment. This is another common covenant that associations need to comply with as part of their loan agreements. 4
Housing Association Regulatory Assessment
Welsh Government Housing Directorate - Regulation Housing Association Regulatory Assessment Melin Homes Limited Registration number: L110 Date of publication: 20 December 2013 Welsh Government Housing
Memorandum of Understanding
Memorandum of Understanding between the Welsh Ministers and the Chief Inspector of the Care and Social Services Inspectorate Wales and the Chief Executive of Healthcare Inspectorate Wales December 2014
Regulatory Standards of Governance and Financial Management
Regulatory Standards of Governance and Financial Management 5. Regulatory Standards of Governance and Financial Management Introduction 5.1. This section sets out our Regulatory Standards of Governance
Regulation of Social Housing in Scotland. Our Framework
Regulation of Social Housing in Scotland Our Framework Contents Chair s Foreword 2 1. The Scottish Housing Regulator 3 2. How we regulate 6 3. Monitoring the Scottish Social Housing Charter 15 4. The
JOINT STATEMENT BY THE CHAIR AND DIRECTOR OF BRIDGEWATER HOUSING ASSOCIATION LTD
Scottish Charity Number: SC 035819 Bridgewater Housing Association Newsletter for Tenants Summer 2013 www.bridgewaterha.org.uk JOINT STATEMENT BY THE CHAIR AND DIRECTOR OF BRIDGEWATER HOUSING ASSOCIATION
Registrar of Community Housing 5. Financial Viability
5. Financial Viability Version 2.0 WWW.RCH.NSW.GOV.AU The Registration Process 1 Published by The 2010 This work is copyright. It may be produced in whole or in part for study or training purposes subject
HIGH PEAK BOROUGH COUNCIL. Report to the Corporate Select Committee. 19th January 2016
AGENDA ITEM 5 HIGH PEAK BOROUGH COUNCIL Report to the Corporate Select Committee 19th January 2016 TITLE: EXECUTIVE COUNCILLOR: CONTACT OFFICER: WARDS INVOLVED: Housing Revenue Account (HRA) Business Plan
Page 69. Sutton Living Business Plan and Loan Agreement. Mary Morrissey, Strategic Director of Environment, Housing and Regeneration
Page 69 Agenda Item 5b Report to: Opportunity Sutton Limited Sub- Committee Date: 4 August 2015 Report title: Report from: Ward/Areas affected: Chair of Committee/Lead Member: Author(s)/Contact Number(s):
Consultation Document. Retained Firefighters pension settlement: A consultation to provide access to a modified pension scheme in Wales
Number: WG19518 Welsh Government Consultation Document Retained Firefighters pension settlement: A consultation to provide access to a modified pension scheme in Wales Date of issue: 23 August 2013 Action
Higher audit threshold for charities
Higher audit threshold for charities In March 2015, the government announced changes to charity law that allow more charities to become audit exempt. The changes apply to financial years ending on or after
Financial Guidelines for Long-Term Care Home Licensing Applications
Financial Guidelines for Long-Term Care Home Licensing Applications Performance Improvement and Compliance Branch, Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care Revised: June 2015 Table of Contents Introduction...
Residential mortgages general information
Residential mortgages general information Residential mortgages general information 2 Contents Who we are and what we do 2 Forms of security 2 Representative Example 2 Indication of possible further costs
Badger BC. Investments Ltd. Business Plan 2014 2017. A wholly owned subsidiary of Broxbourne Borough Council
Badger BC Investments Ltd Business Plan 2014 2017 A wholly owned subsidiary of Broxbourne Borough Council Contents Summary 3 Governance and management structure 4 Rights, obligations and decision making
By Alister Steele September 2012
A New Role for Housing Associations By Alister Steele September 2012 Introduction Housing association s core role is providing housing for those in greatest need underpinned by traditionally high levels
Safe, Warm & Secure. Home Improvement Loan Scheme. Application Form for Owner-Occupiers
Safe, Warm & Secure Home Improvement Loan Scheme Application Form for Owner-Occupiers Your completed application form, with contractors estimates, and an up-to-date statement of your existing mortgage,
SCARBOROUGH BOROUGH COUNCIL
SCARBOROUGH BOROUGH COUNCIL CABINET 26 JULY 2005 AGENDA ITEM NO REPORT OF THE HEAD OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SERVICES HEHS/05/43 on THE NORTH YORKSHIRE 'WISH' PURPOSE OF REPORT This report outlines the progress
Contents. 04 Mission statement. 05 Introduction. 06 Look Ahead s vision and values. 07 Strategic objectives and priorities
Business Plan 2015 Business Plan 2015 Contents 04 Mission statement 05 Introduction 06 Look Ahead s vision and values 07 Strategic objectives and priorities 08 Key performance indicators 09 Annual plan
GlaxoSmithKline Capital plc
Issued: 29 July 2015, London, U.K. GlaxoSmithKline Capital plc Results announcement and interim management report for the half year ended Performance GlaxoSmithKline Capital plc (the "Company"), a wholly
Solicitors Professional Liability Proposal 2013-14
Solicitors Professional Liability Proposal 2013-14 Proposer Details Practice Title(s) (including service companies) Principal Address line one Principal Address line two City and postcode Telephone number
A GUIDE TO LEGAL FORMS FOR BUSINESS NOVEMBER 2011
A GUIDE TO LEGAL FORMS FOR BUSINESS NOVEMBER 2011 Guide to Legal Forms Unincorporated legal forms: The distinguishing feature of unincorporated forms is that they have no separate legal personality. There
Nicola Greenfield, Deputy Director of Finance. Approve Adopt Receive for information. Finance Revenue & Capital X Equality & Diversity
Board of Directors Agenda Item Date: 26 th September 2013 Title of Report Monitor s revised Risk Assessment Framework for 2013/14 Purpose of the report and the key issues for consideration / decision Presented
GOLDSMITHS University of London COUNCIL. FINANCE AND RESOURCES COMMITTEE 18 March 2014
GOLDSMITHS University of London CNCL/96 14-101 G TREASURY MANAGEMENT OPERATIONS 1 Background COUNCIL FINANCE AND RESOURCES COMMITTEE 18 March 2014 Goldsmiths Treasury Management Policy was last extensively
REPUBLIC OF KENYA COUNTY GOVERNMENT OF LAIKIPIA MEDIUM TERM DEBT MANAGEMENT STRATEGY 2013/14-2017/18
REPUBLIC OF KENYA COUNTY GOVERNMENT OF LAIKIPIA MEDIUM TERM DEBT MANAGEMENT STRATEGY 2013/14-2017/18 COUNTY EXECUTIVE MEMBER, FINANCE, PLANNING AND COUNTY DEVELOPMENT LAIKIPIA COUNTY February 2014 i EXECUTIVE
Shared Equity Schemes and Scottish Government
Partial Business and Regulatory Impact Assessment Title of Proposal Partial Business and Regulatory Impact Assessment Proposals to Exempt Certain Heritable Securities from the 20 Year Security Rule Purpose
Going concern assumption for NHS foundation trust accounts
Going concern assumption for NHS foundation trust accounts Briefing note March 2011 Purpose This briefing note provides guidance to assist the directors of NHS foundation trusts in understanding their
Chapter 7: Financing Community Interest Companies
Office of the Regulator of Community Interest Companies: Information and guidance notes Chapter 7: Financing Community Interest Companies OCTOBER 2014 Contents 7.1. Financing: Companies limited by guarantee
Long Term Financial Planning
Long Term Financial Planning Framework and Guidelines Long Term Financial Planning Framework and Guidelines for Western Australian Local Governments p1. Contents Foreword 4 1. Introduction 7 2. Purpose
Provision of a Corporate Asset Management Software System
MERTHYR TYDFIL COUNTY BOROUGH COUNCIL Civic Centre, Castle Street, Merthyr Tydfil, CF47 8AN Main Tel: 01685 725000 To: Chairman, Ladies and Gentlemen CABINET REPORT www.merthyr.gov.uk Date Written 7 th
Housing Research Summary
HRS 1/05 February 2005 Housing Research Summary Social housing rents in Wales Background The Centre for Housing and Planning Research at Cambridge University was commissioned by the Welsh Assembly Government
Guidance Note on Credit and Credit Control for Credit Unions. October 2007. Office of the Registrar of Credit Unions
Guidance Note on Credit and Credit Control for Credit Unions October 2007 Office of the Registrar of Credit Unions Contents Page Introduction 2 1. The Board of Directors 3 2. Credit Policy 5 3. Credit
STELLENBOSCH MUNICIPALITY
STELLENBOSCH MUNICIPALITY APPENDIX 9 BORROWING POLICY 203/204 TABLE OF CONTENTS. PURPOSE... 3 2. OBJECTIVES... 3 3. DEFINITIONS... 3 4. SCOPE OF THE POLICY... 4 5. LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK AND DELEGATION
Approved by Management Committee 24/03/11 Strategy Document
ELHA POLICY Date Issued May 2007 Last Revised March 2011 Department Asset Management Title Asset Management Strategy Objective To outline the Association s strategy for managing its assets Responsible
2015 No. 1646 LANDLORD AND TENANT, ENGLAND. The Assured Shorthold Tenancy Notices and Prescribed Requirements (England) Regulations 2015
S T A T U T O R Y I N S T R U M E N T S 2015 No. 1646 LANDLORD AND TENANT, ENGLAND The Assured Shorthold Tenancy Notices and Prescribed Requirements (England) Regulations 2015 Made - - - - 7th September
c. Researcher: A researcher is someone using West Glamorgan Archive Service for research, including potential and future researchers.
ACCESS POLICY 1. Context West Glamorgan Archive Service is the joint archive service for the councils of the City and County of Swansea and Neath Port Talbot County Borough, acting through the West Glamorgan
Policy Response Buy to Let Tax Relief
Savills World Research Policy Response Buy to Let Tax Relief Autumn 215 savills.co.uk/research In his May budget the Chancellor announced a limit on mortgage interest relief for buy to let investors in
Ministry of Advanced Education Training Completions Fund. Financial Statements for 2014-15. saskatchewan.ca
Ministry of Advanced Education Training Completions Fund Financial Statements for 2014-15 saskatchewan.ca Table of Contents Letters of Transmittal... 1 2014-15 Financial Overview... 2 Financial Results...
LOCAL GOVERNMENT AUDIT SERVICE. Statutory Audit Report. to the. Members of Limerick City Council. for the
LOCAL GOVERNMENT AUDIT SERVICE Statutory Audit Report to the Members of Limerick City Council for the Year Ended 31 December 2013 CONTENTS Paragraph Introduction 1 Financial Standing 2 Summary of Major
WEYBRIDGE FINANCIAL SERVICES EQUITY RELEASE QUESTIONNAIRE
WEYBRIDGE FINANCIAL SERVICES EQUITY RELEASE QUESTIONNAIRE PERSONAL DETAILS Title: Mr/Mrs/Miss/Ms/Other Surname First Name(s) Date of Birth Nationality Marital Status Previous/Former (e.g. Maiden) Name
Large Company Limited. Report and Accounts. 31 December 2009
Registered number 123456 Large Company Limited Report and Accounts 31 December 2009 Report and accounts Contents Page Company information 1 Directors' report 2 Statement of directors' responsibilities
VOTE Accident Insurance
VOTE Accident Insurance B.7 Vol.I 1 Terms and Definitions Used ACC Accident Compensation Corporation Footnotes Note 1 Appropriation numbers in Part B are inclusive of GST (where applicable). Note 2 Expenses
Student Loan Scheme Amendment Bill (No 2) A briefing note prepared for the Finance and Expenditure Committee
Student Loan Scheme Amendment Bill (No 2) A briefing note prepared for the Finance and Expenditure Committee Policy Advice Division, Inland Revenue 13 November 2012 Student Loan Scheme Amendment Bill (No
DEFINITION of TRANSNATIONAL AUDIT
TAC Guidance Statement 1 Revised June 2010 DEFINITION of TRANSNATIONAL AUDIT This guidance statement, issued by the Transnational Auditors Committee (TAC), is designed to provide guidance to assist members
Deduction of income tax from interest: peer-topeer
Deduction of income tax from interest: peer-topeer lending Consultation document Publication date: 15 July 2015 Closing date for comments: 18 September 2015 Subject of this consultation: Scope of this
How To Manage School Performance
Performance management for teachers Revised performance management arrangements 2012 Guidance Guidance document no: 073/2012 Date of issue: May 2012 Performance management for teachers Audience Local authorities,
An offer to extend Right to Buy discounts to housing association tenants
An offer to extend Right to Buy discounts to housing association tenants This document sets out the terms of an offer the National Housing Federation has made to the Government for a potential agreement
Houses into Homes Empty Property Loan Scheme. Georgina Wayman Environmental Health Officer Private Sector Housing
Houses into Homes Empty Property Loan Scheme Georgina Wayman Environmental Health Officer Private Sector Housing Houses into Homes Loan Scheme In 2012, Welsh Government committed a 10 million recyclable
Care Act 2014 CHAPTER 23. Explanatory Notes have been produced to assist in the understanding of this Act and are available separately
Care Act 2014 CHAPTER 23 Explanatory Notes have been produced to assist in the understanding of this Act and are available separately 23. 25 Care Act 2014 CHAPTER 23 CONTENTS PART 1 CARE AND SUPPORT General
The Help to Buy equity loan scheme
Report by the Comptroller and Auditor General Department for Communities and Local Government The Help to Buy equity loan scheme HC 1099 SESSION 2013-14 6 MARCH 2014 4 Key facts The Help to Buy equity
Nova Scotia Fisheries and Aquaculture Loan Board. Financial Statements March 31, 2015 (in thousands of dollars)
Nova Scotia Fisheries and Aquaculture Loan Board Financial Statements March 31, 2015 June 25, 2015 Independent Auditor s Report To the Members of the Legislative Assembly and to the Minister of Fisheries
Guide to Funding a Major Adaptation
Guide to Funding a Major Adaptation August 2010 Contents Contents... 1 Introduction... 1 Chapter 1: Policy and funding framework... 2 The importance of tenure... 2 The policy framework... 2 Overview of
MEMORANDUM TO THE BUSINESS, INNOVATION AND SKILLS SELECT COMMITTEE. Post-Legislative Assessment of the Further Education and Training Act 2007
MEMORANDUM TO THE BUSINESS, INNOVATION AND SKILLS SELECT COMMITTEE Post-Legislative Assessment of the Further Education and Training Act 2007 Presented to Parliament by the Secretary of State for Business,
Dumfries & Galloway Council
Dumfries & Galloway Council Audit of housing and council tax benefit Risk assessment report Prepared for Dumfries & Galloway Council May 2013 Audit Scotland is a statutory body set up in April 2000 under
Appendix 5 Oadby and Wigston Borough Council: HRA self-financing business plan model
Appendix 5 Oadby and Wigston Borough Council: HRA self-financing business plan model As we enter the final quarter of 2013/14, the HRA business plan model has been updated to reflect activity in 2013/14
Financial Services Authority. FSA CP13/7: High-level proposals for an FCA regime for consumer credit. A Response by Credit Action
Financial Services Authority FSA CP13/7: High-level proposals for an FCA regime for consumer credit A Response by Credit Action Background Credit Action is a national financial capability charity (registered
Small Company Limited. Report and Accounts. 31 December 2007
Registered number 123456 Small Company Limited Report and Accounts 31 December 2007 Report and accounts Contents Page Company information 1 Directors' report 2 Accountants' report 3 Profit and loss account
Unofficial Consolidation
CENTRAL BANK (SUPERVISION AND ENFORCEMENT) ACT 2013 (SECTION 48) (LENDING TO SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES) REGULATIONS 2015 (S.I. No. 585 of 2015) Unofficial Consolidation This document is an unofficial
Published by the National Regulatory System for Community Housing Directorate. Document Identification: 003-04-13/NRSD. Publication date: January 2014
Evidence guidelines Published by the National Regulatory System for Community Housing Directorate. Document Identification: 003-04-13/NRSD Publication date: January 2014 Supported by the Commonwealth Government
Schroders Investment and Corporate Governance: Schroders Policy
January 2013 Schroders Investment and Corporate Governance: Schroders Policy Contents Investment and Corporate Governance: Schroders Policy 2 Corporate Governance: The Role and Objectives of Schroders
Pre-Action Protocol for Possession Claims based on Mortgage or Home Purchase Plan Arrears in Respect of Residential Property
Pre-Action Protocol for Possession Claims based on Mortgage or Home Purchase Plan Arrears in Respect of Residential Property PROTOCOLS Contents I INTRODUCTION 1 Preamble 2 Aims 3 Scope 4 Definitions II
BUSINESS PLAN NOVA SCOTIA FISHERIES AND AQUACULTURE LOAN BOARD
BUSINESS PLAN NOVA SCOTIA FISHERIES AND AQUACULTURE LOAN BOARD TABLE OF CONTENTS Message from the Minister, Associate Deputy Minister and Board.......................3 Mission Statement...4 Corporate Mandate...4
Empty Properties Strategy 2012-2015
Empty Properties Strategy 2012-2015 Contents Introduction 3 Achievements 4 Context 4 Regional Policy 4 Aims of the London Housing Strategy 5 Empty Homes in Redbridge 5 Strategic Aims 6 Enabling Action
council s Budget and Financial Planning Framework
Basildon District Council Financial Planning Framework 1. Introduction The Financial Planning Framework underpins the Council s Medium Term Financial Strategy and sets out the financial planning processes
IFRS industry insights
IFRS Global Office Issue 2, June 2011 IFRS industry insights Joint arrangements in the energy and resources industry The most significant change will likely be the removal of the option to proportionately
CONTENTS. Appendix 1 - Glossary of Terms 21 Appendix 2 Prudential Code Indicator Glossary 28
2015/16 Strategy 1516 (Published).docx 1 of 31 CONTENTS Page No Foreword 3 Treasury Management 4 Treasury Management Strategy: 4 The Treasury Position 5 Economic background and prospects for interest rates
Guidance for handling arrears and possession sales of shared ownership properties
Guidance for handling arrears and possession sales of shared ownership properties Contents Guidance notes Aim Status Co-ordination and communication Scope: the lender/ha relationship Lender/HA contact
Paper F9. Financial Management. Fundamentals Pilot Paper Skills module. The Association of Chartered Certified Accountants
Fundamentals Pilot Paper Skills module Financial Management Time allowed Reading and planning: Writing: 15 minutes 3 hours ALL FOUR questions are compulsory and MUST be attempted. Do NOT open this paper
Dumfries Mutual Insurance Company Financial Statements For the year ended December 31, 2010
Dumfries Mutual Insurance Company Financial Statements For the year ended December 31, 2010 Contents Independent Auditors' Report 2 Financial Statements Balance Sheet 3 Statement of Operations and Unappropriated
Electricity Market Reform:
Electricity Market Reform: Consultation on Low Carbon Contracts Company s and Electricity Settlements Company s operational costs 2015/16 Government Response January 2015 Crown copyright 2015 URN 15D/001
MINISTRY OF SOCIAL SERVICES VALLEY VIEW CENTRE RESIDENTS' TRUST ACCOUNT FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
MINISTRY OF SOCIAL SERVICES FINANCIAL STATEMENTS For the year ended March 31, 2015 PROVINCIAL AUDITOR of Saskatchewan INDEPENDENT AUDITOR'S REPORT To: The Members of the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan
Reserving Requirements for Non-Life Insurers and Non-Life and Life Reinsurers
2014 Reserving Requirements for Non-Life Insurers and Non-Life and Life Reinsurers 1 Reserving Requirements for Non-Life Insurers and Non-Life and Life Reinsurers Contents Introduction... 3 Definitions...
