Homeowners and Renters Insurance

Transcription

1 Homeowners and Renters Insurance HOMEOWNERS INSURANCE EXPENDITURES The average homeowners insurance premium rose by 5.6 percent in 2012, following a 7.7 percent increase in 2011, according to a February 2015 study by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners. The average renters insurance premium was unchanged in 2012, after rising 1.1 percent the previous year. Florida had the highest average homeowners insurance premium in 2012 ($2,084) and Idaho had the lowest ($538). The countrywide average homeowners insurance premium was $1,034 in (See tables in EXPENDITURES FOR HOMEOWNERS AND RENTERS INSURANCE section below). CAUSES OF HOMEOWNERS INSURANCE LOSSES In 2013, 4.8 percent of insured homes had a claim, according to ISO. Property damage, including theft, accounted for 97.0 percent of those claims. Changes in the percentage of each type of homeowners loss from one year to another are partially influenced by large fluctuations in the number and severity of weather-related events such as hurricanes and winter storms. There are two ways of looking at losses: by the average number of claims filed per 100 policies (frequency) and by the average amount paid for each claim (severity). The loss category water damage and freezing includes damage caused by mold, if covered. Every state except Arkansas, New York, North Carolina and Virginia has adopted an ISO mold limitation for homeowners insurance coverage, which allows insurers to exclude the coverage unless the condition results from a covered peril. Jewelry was the top claims category under homeowners policies in 2012, based on the dollar value of contents claims of about 300 insurers analyzed and tracked by inventory services firm, Enservio. The firm s Contents Claims Index (CCI) includes items that are damaged, lost or stolen. Enservio found that jewelry was also the most frequently claimed item. HOME INVENTORIES On average, over the past eight years about half of homeowners said they prepared an inventory of their possessions to help document losses for their insurers, according to polls conducted for the Insurance Information Institute (I.I.I.). Forty-eight percent of homeowners said they had an inventory in a June 2014 I.I.I. survey. The survey showed that homeowners in the South were more likely to have a home inventory (56 percent), followed by homeowners in the Northeast and Midwest (45 percent and 44 percent, respectively). Only 40 percent of homeowners in the West said they had an inventory. SINKHOLE CLAIMS In March 2013 an entire house fell into a huge sinkhole in a suburb of Tampa, Florida, garnering national attention. Although such large, sudden and destructive sinkholes are relatively rare, thousands of small sinkholes appear in the U.S. each year. The most damage from sinkholes occurs in Florida, Texas, Alabama, Missouri, Kentucky, Tennessee and Pennsylvania, according to the U.S. Geological Survey. Most homeowners insurance policies exclude coverage for sinkhole damage. However, homeowners insurance companies in Florida and Tennessee are required to offer the coverage. In Florida catastrophic ground cover collapse is mandatory; comprehensive sinkhole coverage is optional. (Note: For information on the Florida law see For statistics on Florida sinkholes see CONTENTS CLAIM INDEX, HOMEOWNERS INSURANCE, 2012 (1) Jewelry losses were the top claims category based on the value of homeowners contents claims, according to inventory services firm, Enservio. Category Percent of total claims Jewelry 16% Electronics 13 Apparel 13 Furniture 10 House and home 10 Tools 5 Appliances 4 Sporting goods 3 Books and magazines 3 Beds and matresses 2 (1) Top contents categories as compiled from homeowners claims filed with insurers. Ranked by dollar value as a percent of total claims. Dollar value is based on the cost to replace items that are damaged, lost or stolen. The Index includes 300 insurers. Source: Enservio.

2 HOMEOWNERS LOSSES RANKED BY CLAIMS SEVERITY (AVERAGE CLAIM), (1) (Weighted average, ) (1) For homeowners multiple peril policies. Excludes tenants and condominium owners policies. Accident year incurred losses, excluding loss adjustment expenses, i.e., indemnity costs per accident year incurred claims. Excludes Alaska and Texas. (2) Includes vandalism and malicious mischief. (3) Includes coverage for unauthorized use of various cards, forgery, counterfeit money and losses not otherwise classified. Source: ISO, a Verisk Analytics company. HOMEOWNERS LOSSES RANKED BY CLAIMS FREQUENCY, (1) (Weighted average, ) (1) Claims per 100 house years (policies). For homeowners multiple peril policies. Excludes tenants and condominium owners policies. Excludes Alaska and Texas. (2) Includes vandalism and malicious mischief. (3) Includes coverage for unauthorized use of various cards, forgery, counterfeit money and losses not otherwise classified. Source: ISO, a Verisk Analytics company.

3 HOMEOWNERS INSURANCE LOSSES, (1) Total homeowners Total homeowners losses losses In 2013, 4.8 percent of insured homes experienced a claim. Homeowners insurance losses, net of reinsurance, rose to $39.9 billion in 2014 from $35.5 billion in 2013, according to SNL Financial. Year Claim frequency (2) Claim severity (3) Year Claim frequency (2) Claim severity (3) $8, $8, , , ,455 Average (4) 7.02 $8,793 (1) For homeowners multiple peril policies. Excludes tenants and condominium policies. Excludes Alaska and Texas. (2) Claims per 100 house years (policies). (3) Average amount paid per claim; based on accident year incurred losses, excluding loss adjustment expenses, i.e., indemnity costs per accident year incurred claims. (4) Weighted average, Source: ISO, a Verisk Analytics company. HOMEOWNERS INSURANCE LOSSES BY CAUSE, (1) (Percent of losses incurred) Cause of loss Property damage (2) 95.1% 95.2% 97.0% 97.1% 97.0% Fire and lightning Wind and hail Water damage and freezing Theft All other property damage (3) Liability (4) 4.9% 4.8% 3.0% 2.9% 3.0% Bodily injury and property damage Medical payments and other Credit card and other (5) (6) (6) (6) (6) (6) Total 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% (1) For homeowners multiple peril policies. Excludes tenants and condominium owners policies. Excludes Alaska and Texas. (2) First party, i.e., covers damage to policyholder's own property. (3) Includes vandalism and malicious mischief. (4) Payments to others for which policyholder is responsible. (5) Includes coverage for unauthorized use of various cards, forgery, counterfeit money and losses not otherwise classified. (6) Less than 0.1 percent. Source: ISO, a Verisk Analytics company.

4 AVERAGE HOMEOWNERS LOSSES, (1) (Weighted average, ) In the five-year period, , 7.0 percent of insured homes had a claim. Wind and hail accounted for the largest share of claims, with 3.2 percent of insured homes having such a loss. Cause of loss Claim frequency (2) Claim severity (3) Property damage (4) 6.87 $8,668 Fire and lightning ,153 Wind and hail ,741 Water damage and freezing ,479 Theft ,620 All other (5) ,757 Liability (6) 0.16 $14,412 Bodily injury and property ,466 damage Medical payments and ,560 other Credit card and other (7) (8) $592 Average (property damage and liability), $8,793 (1) For homeowners multiple peril policies. Excludes tenants and condominium owners policies. Excludes Alaska and Texas. (2) Claims per 100 house years (policies). (3) Accident year incurred losses, excluding loss adjustment expenses, i.e., indemnity costs per accident year incurred claims. (4) First party, i.e., covers damage to policyholder's own property. (5) Includes vandalism and malicious mischief. (6) Payments to others for which policyholder is responsible. (7) Includes coverage for unauthorized use of various cards, forgery, counterfeit money and losses not otherwise classified. (8) Less than Source: ISO, a Verisk Analytics company. Homeowners Insurance Claims Frequency* Homeowners claims related to wind or hail are the most frequent; the costliest are related to fire and lightning. About one in 15 insured homes has a claim each year. About one in 30 insured homes has a property damage claim related to wind or hail each year. About one in 55 insured homes has a property damage claim caused by water damage or freezing each year. About one in 200 insured homes has a property damage claim due to theft each year. About one in 250 insured homes has a property damage claim related to fire and lightning. About one in 900 homeowners policies has a liability claim related to the cost of lawsuits for bodily injury or property damage that the policyholder or family members cause to others. *I.I.I. calculations, based on ISO, a Verisk Analytics company, data for homeowners insurance claims from (see table above). CONSUMER PRICES The Bureau of Labor Statistics collects the prices of a fixed basket of consumer goods and services every month to compile the consumer price index. The price of all types of insurance is heavily influenced by the cost of goods and services paid by insurers to meet.

5 CONSUMER PRICE INDICES FOR INSURANCE AND RELATED ITEMS AND ANNUAL RATES OF CHANGE, (Base: =100) Used cars and trucks Tenants and household insurance (3), (4) Repair of household items (3), (5) Legal services Existing singlefamily homes Year Index Percent change Index Percent change Index Percent change Index Percent change Median price ($000) Percent change % % % % $ % NA NA NA Percent change % 20.6% 44.1% 31.7% -5.0% (1) December 1996=100. (2) December 1983=100. (3) December 1997=100. (4) Only includes insurance covering rental properties. (5) Includes appliances, reupholstery and inside home maintenance. NA=Data not available. Note: Percent changes after 2007 for consumer price indices and all years for the median price of existing single-family homes calculated from unrounded data. Source: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics; National Association of Realtors. EXPENDITURES HOMEOWNERS AND RENTERS INSURANCE The average homeowners insurance premium rose by 5.6 percent in 2012, following a 7.7 percent increase in 2011, according to a February 2015 study by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners. The average renters insurance premium was unchanged in 2012, after rising 1.1 percent the previous year. AVERAGE PREMIUMS FOR HOMEOWNERS AND RENTERS INSURANCE, UNITED STATES, Year Homeowners (1) Percent change Renters (2) Percent change 2004 $ % $ % (3) , (3) A 2015 Insurance Information Institute poll conducted by ORC International found that 95 percent of homeowners had homeowners insurance but only 40 percent of renters had renters insurance. The U.S. homeownership rate was 63.4 percent in the second quarter of 2015, down from 64.7 percent in the second quarter of 2014 to the lowest rate since 1967, according to the U.S. Census Bureau. The 2010 Census showed that in some of the largest cities renters outnumbered owners, including New York, where 69.0 percent of households were occupied by renters, followed by Los Angeles (61.8 percent), Chicago (55.1 percent) and Houston (54.6 percent). (1) Based on the HO-3 homeowner package policy for owner-occupied dwellings, 1 to 4 family units. Provides all risks coverage (except those specifically excluded in the policy) on buildings and broad named-peril coverage on personal property, and is the most common package written. (2) Based on the HO-4 renters insurance policy for tenants. Includes broad named-peril coverage for the personal property of tenants. (3) Less than 0.1 percent. Source: 2015 National Association of Insurance Commissioners (NAIC). Reprinted with permission. Further reprint or distribution strictly prohibited without written permission of NAIC.

6 AVERAGE PREMIUMS FOR HOMEOWNERS AND RENTERS INSURANCE BY STATE, 2012 (1) Homeowners Renters Homeowners Renters State Average Rank (3) Average Rank (3) State Average Rank (3) Average Rank (3) premium (2) premium (4) premium (2) premium (4) Alabama $1,248 6 $239 3 Montana $ $ Alaska Nebraska 1, Arizona Nevada Arkansas 1, New Hampshire California (5) New Jersey Colorado 1, New Mexico Connecticut 1, New York 1, Delaware North Carolina D.C. 1, North Dakota 1, Florida 2, Ohio Georgia Oklahoma 1, Hawaii Oregon Idaho Pennsylvania Illinois Rhode Island 1, Indiana South Carolina 1, Iowa South Dakota Kansas 1, Tennessee 1, Kentucky Texas (6) 1, Louisiana 1, Utah Maine Vermont Maryland Virginia Massachusetts 1, Washington Michigan West Virginia Minnesota 1, Wisconsin Mississippi 1, Wyoming Missouri 1, United States $1,034 $187 (1) See previous chart for state funds and residual markets included. (2) Based on the HO-3 homeowner package policy for owner-occupied dwellings, 1 to 4 family units. Provides all risks coverage (except those specifically excluded in the policy) on buildings and broad named-peril coverage on personal property, and is the most common package written. (3) Ranked from highest to lowest. States with the same premium receive the same rank. (4) Based on the HO-4 renters insurance policy for tenants. Includes broad named-peril coverage for the personal property of tenants. (5) Data provided by the California Department of Insurance. (6) The Texas Department of Insurance developed home insurance policy forms that are similar but not identical to the standard forms. In addition, due to the Texas Windstorm Association (which writes wind-only policies) classifying HO-1, 2 and 5 premiums as HO-3, the average premium for homeowners insurance is artificially high. Note: Average premium=premiums/exposure per house years. A house year is equal to 365 days of insured coverage for a single dwelling. The NAIC does not rank state average expenditures and does not endorse any conclusions drawn from this data. Source: 2015 National Association of Insurance Commissioners (NAIC). Reprinted with permission. Further reprint or distribution strictly prohibited without written permission of NAIC.

7 AVERAGE HOMEOWNERS INSURANCE PREMIUMS RANKED BY STATE, 2012 (1) Rank (2) State Average premium Rank (2) State Average premium 1 Florida $2, Kentucky $916 2 Louisiana 1, Illinois Texas (3) 1, Montana Oklahoma 1, New Hampshire Mississippi 1, New Mexico Alabama 1, Virginia Rhode Island 1, Indiana Kansas 1, Maryland Connecticut 1, Wyoming New York 1, Pennsylvania Massachusetts 1, Michigan Minnesota 1, South Dakota South Carolina 1, Vermont District Of Columbia 1, Iowa Arkansas 1, West Virginia Missouri 1, Maine Nebraska 1, Ohio Colorado 1, Arizona North Dakota 1, Delaware Tennessee 1, Nevada New Jersey Washington California (4) Wisconsin Georgia Utah Hawaii Oregon Alaska Idaho North Carolina 927 (1) Includes policies written by Citizens Property Insurance Corp. (Florida) and Citizens Property Insurance Corp. (Louisiana), Alabama Insurance Underwriting Association, Mississippi Windstorm Underwriting Association and Residential Property Insurance Underwriting Association, North Carolina Joint Underwriting Association and South Carolina Wind and Hail Underwriting Association. Other southeastern states have wind pools in operation and their data may not be included in this chart. Based on the HO-3 homeowner package policy for owner-occupied dwellings, 1 to 4 family units. Provides all risks coverage (except those specifically excluded in the policy) on buildings and broad named-peril coverage on personal property, and is the most common package written. (2) States with the same premium receive the same rank. (3) The Texas Department of Insurance developed home insurance policy forms that are similar but not identical to the standard forms. In addition, due to the Texas Windstorm Association (which writes wind-only policies) classifying HO-1, 2 and 5 premiums as HO-3, the average premium for homeowners insurance is artificially high. (4) Data provided by the California Department of Insurance. Note: Average premium=premiums/exposure per house years. A house year is equal to 365 days of insured coverage for a single dwelling. The NAIC does not rank state average expenditures and does not endorse any conclusions drawn from this data. Source: 2015 National Association of Insurance Commissioners (NAIC). Reprinted with permission. Further reprint or distribution strictly prohibited without written permission of NAIC. TOP 10 WRITERS OF HOMEOWNERS INSURANCE BY DIRECT PREMIUMS WRITTEN, 2014 ($000) Rank Group/company Direct premiums written (1) Market share (2) 1 State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance $17,631, % 2 Allstate Corp. 7,712, Liberty Mutual 5,712, Farmers Insurance Group of Companies (3) 5,153, USAA Insurance Group 4,696, Travelers Companies Inc. 3,305, Nationwide Mutual Group 3,206, American Family Mutual 2,428, Chubb Corp. 2,049, Erie Insurance Group 1,368, (1) Before reinsurance transactions, includes state funds. (2) Based on U.S. total, includes territories. (3) Data for Farmers Insurance Group of Companies and Zurich Financial Group (which owns Farmers' management company) are reported separately by SNL Financial. Source: SNL Financial LC.

8 HOMEOWNERS INSURANCE INDUSTRY UNDERWRITING EXPENSES, 2014 (1) Expense Percent of premiums LOSSES AND RELATED EXPENSES (2) Loss and loss adjustment expense (LAE) ratio 62.1% Incurred losses 53.0 Defense and cost containment expenses incurred 1.6 Adjusting and other expenses incurred 7.4 OPERATING EXPENSES (3) Expense ratio 29.0% Net commissions and brokerage expenses incurred 12.7 Taxes, licenses and fees 2.6 Other acquisition and field supervision expenses incurred 8.5 General expenses incurred 5.2 DIVIDENDS TO POLICYHOLDERS (2) 0.5% COMBINED RATIO AFTER DIVIDENDS (4) 91.6% (1) After reinsurance transactions. (2) As a percent of net premiums earned ($75.3 billion in 2014). (3) As a percent of net premiums written ($77.9 billion in 2014). (4) Sum of loss and LAE, expense and dividends ratios. Source: SNL Financial LC. HOME INJURIES In 2012, 19.3 million Americans, or one in 16 people, experienced an unintentional injury in the home that required aid from a medical professional, according to an analysis by the National Safety Council (NSC). Injuries requiring medical attention occur more often at home than in public places, the workplace and motor vehicle crashes combined, according to the NSC. There were 63,000 deaths from unintentional home injuries in Despite population growth and a corresponding rise in the number of fatal injuries, the rate of fatal home injuries has declined dramatically over the past 100 years, falling by 28 percent to 20.1 deaths per 100,000 people in 2012 from 28 deaths per 100,000 people in However, the number and rate of unintentional home injury deaths has been steadily rising since 2000, largely due to increases in unintentional poisonings and falls. UNINTENTIONAL HOME DEATHS AND INJURIES, 2013 Deaths 66,000 Medically consulted injuries 19,900,000 Death rate per 100,000 population 20.9 Costs $226.1 billion Source: National Safety Council. (2015). Injury Facts, 2015 Edition. Itasca, IL. PRINCIPAL TYPES OF HOME UNINTENTIONAL INJURY DEATHS, 2013 Falls are the leading cause of hospital-treated unintentional injuries, according to the Home Safety Council. (1) Inhalation and ingestion of food or other object that obstructs breathing. Source: National Safety Council. (2015). Injury Facts, 2015 Edition. Itasca, IL. HIGH-RISK MARKETS A myriad of different programs in place across the United States provide insurance to high risk policyholders who may have difficulty obtaining coverage from the standard market. So called residual, shared or involuntary market programs make basic

9 insurance coverage more readily available. Today, property insurance from the residual market is provided by Fair Access to Insurance Requirements (FAIR) Plans, Beach and Windstorm Plans, and two state-run insurance companies in Florida and Louisiana: Florida Citizens Property Insurance Company (CPIC) and Louisiana Citizens Property Insurance Corporation (Louisiana Citizens). Established in the late 1960s to ensure the continued provision of insurance in urban areas, FAIR Plans often provide property insurance in both urban and coastal areas, while Beach and Windstorm Plans cover predominantly wind-only risks in designated coastal areas. Hybrid plans like Florida and Louisiana s CPIC, provide property insurance throughout those states. It is important to note that in addition to windstorm risk, these plans routinely cover a range of other exposures, such as vandalism and fire. RENTERS AND HOMEOWNERS DEMOGRAPHICS In 2013, 63.5 percent of housing units were owner occupied and 36.5 percent were renter occupied, according to the latest U.S. Census figures. In 2013, 29 percent of owner-occupied units housed people age 65 and over. The same year, 14 percent of rental units housed people over age 65. The nation's homeowners paid a median of $934 in monthly housing costs in 2013, compared with $850 for renters, according to the latest American Housing Survey from the Census. However, renters usually paid a higher percentage of their household income on these costs than did owners, 33 percent compared with 19 percent. PERCENT OF OCCUPIED HOUSING UNITS THAT ARE OWNER OCCUPIED, 2013 State Percent Rank (1) State Percent Rank Alabama 68.0% 14 Montana 66.9% 20 Alaska Nebraska Arizona Nevada Arkansas New Hampshire (1) California New Jersey Colorado New Mexico Connecticut New York Delaware North Carolina D.C North Dakota Florida Ohio Georgia Oklahoma Hawaii Oregon Idaho Pennsylvania Illinois Rhode Island Indiana South Carolina Iowa South Dakota Kansas Tennessee Kentucky Texas Louisiana Utah Maine Vermont Maryland Virginia Massachusetts Washington Michigan West Virginia Minnesota Wisconsin Mississippi Wyoming Missouri United States 63.5% In 2013 West Virginia, Delaware, Minnesota and Vermont had the highest percentage of owner-occupied housing units. The District of Columbia had the lowest percentage of owner-occupied units, followed by New York, California, Nevada and Hawaii. (1) States with the same percentages receive the same rank. Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau; American Community Survey.

10 PERCENT OF HOUSEHOLD INCOME SPENT ON HOME OWNERSHIP COSTS, 2013 State Percent (1) Rank (2) State Percent (1) Rank (2) Alabama 26.3% 38 Montana 28.9% 28 Alaska Nebraska Arizona Nevada Arkansas New Hampshire California New Jersey Colorado New Mexico Connecticut New York Delaware North Carolina D.C North Dakota Florida Ohio Georgia Oklahoma Hawaii Oregon Idaho Pennsylvania Illinois Rhode Island Indiana South Carolina Iowa South Dakota Kansas Tennessee Kentucky Texas Louisiana Utah Maine Vermont Maryland Virginia Massachusetts Washington Michigan West Virginia Minnesota Wisconsin Mississippi Wyoming Missouri United States 31.6% In 2013, Hawaii, California and New Jersey had the highest homeownership costs, based on the percentage of homes in which owners spent 30 percent or more of their income on homeownerownership related expenses. North Dakota, Iowa and South Dakota had the lowest costs, based on the percentage of homes in which owners spent 30 percent of more of their income on homeowner-ownership expenses. (1) Percent of mortgaged owner-occupied housing units spending 30 percent or more of household income on selected owner costs such as all mortgage payments (first mortgage, home equity loans, etc.), real estate taxes, property insurance, utilities, fuel and condominium fees if applicable. (2) States with the same percentages receive the same rank. Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau; American Community Survey.

11 HOUSEHOLD INCOME SPENT ON RENT AND UTILITIES, 2013 State Percent (1) Rank (2) State Percent (1) Rank (2) Alabama 43.6% 36 Montana 42.5% 40 Alaska Nebraska Arizona Nevada Arkansas New Hampshire California New Jersey Colorado New Mexico Connecticut New York Delaware North Carolina D.C North Dakota Florida Ohio Georgia Oklahoma Hawaii Oregon Idaho Pennsylvania Illinois Rhode Island Indiana South Carolina Iowa South Dakota Kansas Tennessee Kentucky Texas Louisiana Utah Maine Vermont Maryland Virginia Massachusetts Washington Michigan West Virginia Minnesota Wisconsin Mississippi Wyoming Missouri United States 47.6% Nationwide, 47.6 percent of renters spent at least 30 percent of their household income on rent and utilities in In 2013 South Dakota, Wyoming, West Virginia, North Dakota and Iowa had the lowest percentage of rental units in which occupants spent 30 percent or more of their income on rent. California, Florida, New Jersey, Hawaii and New York had the highest percentage. (1) Percent of renter-occupied units spending 30 percent or more on rent and utilities such as electric, gas, water and sewer, and fuel (oil, coal, etc.) if paid by the renter. (2) States with the same percentages receive the same rank. Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau; American Community Survey. RELATED LINKS Floaters and Endorsements: Special Coverage for Valuables