Offshoring The Silicon Valley Trend Zinnov Research Team

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1 W H I T E P A P E R Zinnov Research Team. info@zinnov.com Fax Phone (US) , (INDIA)

2 Overview Overview The multinational giants around the world see India as a cost effective offshore destination. Such organizations especially the Silicon Valley companies are utilizing the various services of outsourcing vendors or their own subsidiaries in India. The services range from product documentation, product testing to product conceptualization and design. Altera Corporation (SV 50 Company) setup a research laboratory with the Indian Institute of science in Bangalore for the research in System-on-programmable-a-chip (SOPC) solution. The outsourcing trend of the Silicon Valley companies can be studied using the Silicon Valley 150 index based on the revenues generated by these companies. The index is maintained by Silliconvalley.com ( The companies which belong to this index have brought key innovations in areas of technology, operational optimization and even created whole new industries. The list of Silicon Valley 150 companies can be accessed here. Approach At Zinnov, we conducted an informal study on outsourcing trend of top 50 companies from the Silicon Valley 150 list and their utilization of offshoring services. We selected the top 50 companies so that the results can assist other organizations in defining and executing their outsourcing strategy. Zinnov leveraged our extensive research network for collecting and validating the data. Zinnov Research Network *India Development Center (IDC) Forum is a platform where senior management teams Clients IDC Forum* Zinnov from product engineering companies based IT/BPO in India meet to network, discuss and share Vendors their experiences about their operations in Research India. Service Industry Providers Network Events Co-hosted by Zinnov, this forum meets once Government Agencies a quarter in Bangalore, India. Classification The Silicon Valley 50 (SV-50) companies can be classified into the following three major categories: Software Technology Developers (Software) Hardware Technology Developers (Hardware) Conventional Industries (Conventional)

3 3 Classifications Definitions Distribution in SV50 Software E.g. Oracle, Symantec etc The prime area of focus is software development The nature of operation primarily on new 15 product development 3 Hardware E.g. Intel, Sanmina-SCI etc The prime area of focus is hardware development and manufacturing The nature of operation can also include custom design of hardware 7 Conventional The prime area of focus is conventional manufacturing and operations E.g. Calpine, Franklin Resources etc The nature of operation can be on any domains other than Information Technology Distribution of SV 50 Conventional Software 15 Hardware 7 Though broadly classified as Hardware companies, HP, Cisco etc. have extensive operations for developing software technologies in India Apple has very recently pulled back their captive center from India, hence we have not included that into the analysis SV50- The Offshoring Initiatives and Trends The offshoring initiatives of the SV50 have a definitive trend in the Indian context. 33 of 50 companies have India operations Following is an overview of the analysis. For simplicity we have distinguished between the 3 classifications mentioned above.

4 Analysis Analysis For the purpose of analysis key parameters are identified which forms a pattern with respect to the outsourcing initiatives. The parameters are Nature of Engagement Captive Presence These parameters can be evaluated individually and collectively to understand the dependence of one pattern to the other. Hence the parameters; location preference, nature of engagement, nature of operations and vendor relationship has been studied one relating to the other. The individual relationships can be represented as follows. Software Companies Among the 3 classifications, Software industry clearly leads the outsourcing trend in India. With an exception to one company, all the other 1 have operations in India and vast majority of those have captive centers 9 % (15 of 1) companies have (93%) 1 out of 15 India operations companies have operations in India Captive Vendor Multiple engagement of the 15 companies use multiple-engagements (Captive & vendor partners for their India operations). Many companies are using their captive centers for offshoring their core competency such as R&D while leveraging their vendor partners for outsourcing their non-critical activities /services Companies are also leveraging their vendor partners for flexibility in size and for quick ramp up. In certain instances, vendor partners are able to staff the team while the captive operations build the organization slowly The size of these captive centers varies from 30 to 9,000

5 Software Companies 5 Analysis of vendor relationships Multiple Vendors is fast becoming the norm for large companies due to their varying needs. 5 No Vendor, Multiple Multiple Vendors Vendor, (7) Few relationships are exclusive (e.g. one vendor gets product development and the other gets customer support.) In others, vendors compete for every individual projects/activity. Single, 1 Single Vendor () Companies that do not have vendor relationships are typically engaged in developing/maintaining IP intensive core products in India Analysis of Location Bangalore is the clear winner (which is true for the 1 entire ISV industry) of 15 companies have Bangalore operations. 0 Bangalore 3 X Delhi Others Even companies such as Oracle (HQ: Hyderabad), have major presence in Bangalore. Delhi, Hyderabad, Pune are other cities where SV 50 have captive presence. Only captive centers have been considered for location analysis. Companies which have offices in more than one city have been counted that many times The presence of the software companies in SV50 in a substantial level in India emphasize the growing adoption for offshoring the in the industry. Many of these operations have matured over time and have evolved to be the critical delivery/support centers. Also this trend is seen as a motivation for the other organizations that would like to achieve the competitive advantage by offshoring the suitable operations. Hardware Technology Developers The hardware manufacturing companies present in the SV50 have their offshore operations concentrated mainly in the manufacturing units of China, Taiwan and Malaysia. The availability of raw materials along with the cheap skilled laborers can be cited as the major reasons for this preference in that region. Hardware manufacturers such as Texas Instruments and Motorola had been the pioneers of offshoring to India. Recently many large and small semi-conductor and chip design companies have established their design centers in cities such as Bangalore.

6 Software Companies But hardware manufacturing is yet to gather momentum due to the lack of infrastructure Here is the overview of the analysis on hardware manufacturers operations in India. Companies such as Intel have large design centers Software, IT groups of these companies constitute a large chuck of the resources Companies with operations in India 3% (17 of 7) companies have operations in India Captive Vendor Multi Engagement Analysis of vendor operations No Vendors (1) Vendors (13) Companies leverage their outsourcing partners for non-core activities such as IT, Infrastructure management and maintenance etc. System software and embedded systems are other areas where many companies utilize their vendor partner s expertise Couple of companies researched have dedicated ODC (Offshore development centers) for R & D with vendor partners. Vendors (10) Only captive centers have been considered for location analysis. Companies which have offices in more than one city have been counted that many times Location Analysis Bangalore Other As with software, Bangalore dominates in the hardware sector as well. 15 of the 19 SV 50 captive centers are based in Bangalore Few companies have additional design cen ters in cities such as Hyderabad, Chennai.

7 Conclusion 7 Conventional Industries 7 71% do not have India operations of 7 have India operations The conventional industries which are part of the Silicon Valley 50 have taken a more conservative approach towards offshoring. Only of the 7 companies have (excluding sales and marketing) operations in India. Most of the companies have their sales offices or their distribution networks in India instead of large scale operations. As these relationships progress, the future of the trend can be promising with a lot of scope and potential. Conclusion 100% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% Softw are Hardw are Conventional Have India Operations No India Operations The trends in SV50 clearly indicate the high level of adoption for offshoring by the leading technology companies. Many of these companies have successfully leveraged their India operations to deliver high end products and services to their global clients. Though offshoring has its share of challenges, the competitive advantages gained by these organizations such as access to talent pool, lower cost, shortened delivery cycles etc. can not be overlooked.

8 Conclusion Zinnov is a leading offshore research and consulting firm assisting companies in their offshoring strategy, setup and operations compliance. Zinnov s end-to-end solutions, best practices and methodologies have provided immense benefits to the clients sourcing needs. With a solid offshore and onsite presence, Zinnov is able to conduct systematic and objective research on sourcing topics concerning the industry. Zinnov clients include Fortune 1000 companies and SMB across business domains. For additional information, visit or send mail to info@zinnov.com Zinnov Locations 9/, 3 Rd Floor H M Strafford 7 th cross, Vasanth Nagar Bangalore 5005 India Phone: / 575 N Pastoria Ave Sunnyvale CA Phone: , South Queenscliff Cir The Woodlands TX-773 Phone: