Measurement of UV ageing of materials. Petri Kärhä Helsinki University of Technology
|
|
- Grace Lydia Nicholson
- 8 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Measurement of UV ageing of materials Petri Kärhä Helsinki University of Technology 1
2 Contents UVEMA project Ageing effects Non-spectral test methods Spectral test methods TKK flat-field-grating spectrograph Test measurements TKK UV ageing of materials Slide 2
3 UVEMA-project UVEMA = Effects of UV radiation on MAterials 4 year research project coordinated by FMI Research institutes Finnish Meteorological institute, FMI Helsinki University of Technology, Metrology Research Institute, TKK Tampere University of Technology, Laboratory of Plastics and Elastomer Technology, TTY Companies Elastopoli Oy Oy All-Plast Ab Exel Oyj MacGregor (FIN) Oy Nokian Renkaat Oyj Duration: years starting Financing: Tekes, FMI + 5 companies TKK UV ageing of materials Slide 3
4 Why study effects of UV on materials? UV radiation causes harmfull effects on materials and thus shortens life time of products UV effects can be prevented or slowed down - by selecting materials (not always easy) - using additives, stabilizers and coatings -> Increased costs! Present weather tests nature/laboratory time consuming and expensive -> Increaed costs! Reactions caused and indused by UV in materials are complicated and not fully understood Tests performed at different locations are not fully comparable TKK UV ageing of materials Slide 4
5 Which kind of damage UV causes? Visual changes Color changes: Bleeching Yellowing Darkening Others: Loosing gloss Peeling, Flaking, Hilseily Chalking Erosion Mechanical changes Embrittlement Haurastuminen Microcracking Stiffening Jäykistyminen Change of tensile strength TKK UV ageing of materials Slide 5
6 Which materials we study? Company Materials Properties studied Oy All-Plast Ab Plastic-wood composite painted / unpainted surface quality, tensile strength, impact strength Exel Oyj Reinforced plastics for profiles color, surface quality, mechanical durability, hardness, compression, water absorption, surface roughness MacGregor (FIN) Oy EPDM, natural rubber tensile strength Nokian Renkaat Oyj Rubber composites, stretched mechanical properties, cracks TKK UV ageing of materials Slide 6
7 WP1: long-time ageing in nature Exposure to natural UV and climate on 7 European stations: Latitude: 60,8 N 28,5 N Altitude: m (asl) UV-I (max): 5 13 Pollution: low high Humidity: low high Expected result: Knowledge on effects of various ageing parameters and their combinations TKK UV ageing of materials Slide 7
8 WP2: Measurement of action spectra Goals: 1) Construction and building of UVradiator (spectral measurement) 2) Ageing of studied materials 3) -> Action spectrum, damage vs. wavelength Result: Equipment and methodology for measuring action spectra Results will be used to convert results between test sites in WP 1 TKK UV ageing of materials Slide 8
9 WP3: Characterisation of UV properties of commercial accelerated test environment Goals: 1) Spectral measurement of UV properties (old/new lamps, filters, cleaning) -> UVspectrum 2) UV-spectrum x action spectrum -> UV dose rate 3) Radiation model + environmental factors -> comparison/conversion of dose rate to various natural sites in Europe Expected result: Testing environmetnt whose results can be used to predict behavior under natural environment TKK UV ageing of materials Slide 9
10 WP4: Sample analysis and model development Goals: 1) Measurement and analysis of all samples aged naturally or in laboratories 2) Development of model describing effects of various ageing parameters (UV, T, R.H., O 3, ) Expected results: An improved model describing effects of various parameters on changes in samples tutkittava ominaisuus UVdose ave(t) = 10 ave(t) = 20 ave(t) = 30 TKK UV ageing of materials Slide 10
11 What do we gain? We will have Deeper understanding on ageing effects of a) UV radiation b) other environmental parameters, and c) combined cross-effects; New knowledge on spectral behaviour of UV effects; Better characterised (UV) weathering chambers; Reliable knowledge on UV durability of different materials; Method to estimate life time of products in different markets; Commercial UV testing service for needs of industry TKK UV ageing of materials Slide 11
12 Non-spectral Ageing under sun (accelerated or free) UV weather chamber Solar simulator Spectral Bandpass filters (Monochromator) Cut-off filter technique Grating spectrograph UV testing techniques TKK UV ageing of materials Slide 12
13 Ageing under sun Can be accelerated with concentrators UV radiation to be measured to account for seasonal/weather variations TKK UV ageing of materials Slide 13
14 Weather chambers, solar simulators Typically use Xe-lamps (1 kw 5 kw) Spectrum quite close to solar spectrum TKK UV ageing of materials Slide 14
15 NIST: Integrating sphere with bandpass filters 2 m diameter integrating sphere 8400 W metal halide lamps Band pass filters in output produce monochromatic channels Humidity and temperature controlled TKK UV ageing of materials Slide 15
16 Cut-on-filter technique High-pass filters instead of bandpass filters Difference between two consecutive channels yields change in responsivity within narrow band Widely used and standardized Possible to use glass filters! TKK UV ageing of materials Slide 16
17 Action spectra measured using Cut-on-filter technique Aallonpituusalue, jolla suurin aktiivisuus Polymeeri vaurio sanomalehtipaperi kirkastuminen sanomalehtipaperi villa PVC (kiinteä, 0% TiO 2 ) PC (ei stabiloitu) PC (stabiloitu) polystyreeni vaahto polypropyleeni kellastuminen kellastuminen kellastuminen kellastuminen kellastuminen kellastuminen spektroskopia polypropyleeni venyvyys 0 polyetyleeni spektroskopia 1 polyetyleeni venyvyys (puristettu) 2 polyetyleeni venyvyys kalvo 3 ECO kalvo venyvyys 4 Nylon spektroskopia 290nm 310nm 330nm 350nm 370nm TKK UV ageing of materials Slide 17
18 Grating spectrograph Okazaki large Spectrograph (Japan) 30 / 6 kw Xenon lamps (note scale!) Input slit 1-50 * 100 mm Grating 1200 grooves/mm Horse shoe shaped focal plane Automatic TKK UV ageing of materials Slide 18
19 Starting points for TKK device NIST-style integrating sphere too expensive (>1 M ) Okasaki large spectrograph too big, too expensive. Bent focal plane not good for hard samples Filter techniques not challenging enough, stability problems Monochromator too slow We will shrink Okasaki large spectrograph by factor of 20 and straighten the focal plane using flat-field grating TKK UV ageing of materials Slide 19
20 Layout of the setup TKK UV ageing of materials Slide 20
21 Photograph of ready device TKK UV ageing of materials Slide 21
22 Concave grating Combination of grating and concave mirror -> Reduces one optical component in the setup Flat-field technique results in straight focal plane Produced by Holograte JSC (Russia) according to specifications Diameter 100 mm, 1800 grooves/mm TKK UV ageing of materials Slide 22
23 Stray light shielding TKK UV ageing of materials Slide 23
24 Output properties TKK UV ageing of materials Slide 24
25 Output properties Stray light in output <10-4 (Comparable to commercial single monochromators) Irradiance levels tens of times higher than natural sun light in summer in Finland on nice summer days! TKK UV ageing of materials Slide 25
26 Test measurement: Newspaper Action spectrum measured in hours Result: Yellowing in region nm, maximum 320 nm Differs from literature value, yellowing nm TKK UV ageing of materials Slide 26
27 Test measurement: Polystyrene Result in days Sample measured is protected for solar UV! No changes above 290 nm Literature: nm, maximum 319 nm TKK UV ageing of materials Slide 27
28 Project samples TKK UV ageing of materials Slide 28
Application Note (A5)
Application Note (A5) Discrepancies Associated with Using UVA and UVB Meters to Measure Output of Sunlight, Solar Simulators, etc. Revision: A November 1991 Gooch & Housego 4632 36 th Street, Orlando,
More informationA Look at Accelerated Photostability Testing for Packaged Food and Drinks
A Look at Accelerated Photostability Testing for Packaged Food and Drinks By Dr. Oliver Rahäuser and Dr. Artur Schönlein Atlas Material Testing Technology GmbH Vogelsbergstr. 22, 63589 Linsengericht-Altenhaßlau,
More informationFig.1. The DAWN spacecraft
Introduction Optical calibration of the DAWN framing cameras G. Abraham,G. Kovacs, B. Nagy Department of Mechatronics, Optics and Engineering Informatics Budapest University of Technology and Economics
More informationICH Q1B Guideline. Photostability Testing of New Drug Substances and Products
1. 2 ICH Q1B Guideline Photostability Testing of New Drug Substances and Products Comments for its Application ICH Q1B C 32 Preamble The intrinsic photostability characteristics should be evaluated to
More informationReprint (R22) Avoiding Errors in UV Radiation Measurements. By Thomas C. Larason July 2001. Reprinted from Photonics Spectra, Laurin Publishing
Reprint (R22) Avoiding Errors in UV Radiation Measurements By Thomas C. Larason July 2001 Reprinted from Photonics Spectra, Laurin Publishing Gooch & Housego 4632 36 th Street, Orlando, FL 32811 Tel: 1
More informationElectromagnetic Radiation (EMR) and Remote Sensing
Electromagnetic Radiation (EMR) and Remote Sensing 1 Atmosphere Anything missing in between? Electromagnetic Radiation (EMR) is radiated by atomic particles at the source (the Sun), propagates through
More informationSolar energy... ...Solar technology in endurance testing
Solar energy......solar technology in endurance testing Solar & Photovoltaic systems - Environmental testing...... we are your partner Energy generated by the sun (solar energy) is considered forward looking
More information2 Absorbing Solar Energy
2 Absorbing Solar Energy 2.1 Air Mass and the Solar Spectrum Now that we have introduced the solar cell, it is time to introduce the source of the energy the sun. The sun has many properties that could
More informationLaboratory #3 Guide: Optical and Electrical Properties of Transparent Conductors -- September 23, 2014
Laboratory #3 Guide: Optical and Electrical Properties of Transparent Conductors -- September 23, 2014 Introduction Following our previous lab exercises, you now have the skills and understanding to control
More informationArtificial Weathering, Durability Testing, and Fade Resistance. Americhem Inc.
Artificial Weathering, Durability Testing, and Fade Resistance Testing Durability of Synthetic Turf The purpose of presentation Review FIFA & ASTM test procedures Glimpse at the historical background on
More informationENERGY SAVING WINDOW FILMS S LAR CONTROL
ENERGY SAVING WINDOW FILMS S LAR CONTROL Overview Managing Solar Heat Gain - Solar Control Window Film With an ever increasing need to achieve outstanding energy efficiency within buildings without compromising
More informationRadiation Curable Components and Their use in Hard, Scratch Resistant Coating Applications
Radiation Curable Components and Their use in Hard, Scratch Resistant Coating Applications William Schaeffer Steven Tyson Indu Vappala Robert Kensicki Sartomer USA, LLC 502 Thomas Jones Way Exton, PA 19343
More informationClient: RENOLIT Italia Srl. Work completion: 01/10/2008 (or after receipt of the weathered samples) Notes: Preliminary Report
Object: laboratory measurement on alkorplan 35276 Client: RENOLIT Italia Srl Reference person: Prof. Paolo Tartarini Work start: 01/08/2008 Work completion: 01/10/2008 (or after receipt of the weathered
More informationSOLSPEC MEASUREMENT OF THE SOLAR ABSOLUTE SPECTRAL IRRADIANCE FROM 165 to 2900 nm ON BOARD THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION
SOLSPEC MEASUREMENT OF THE SOLAR ABSOLUTE SPECTRAL IRRADIANCE FROM 165 to 2900 nm ON BOARD THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION G. Thuillier1, D. Bolsee2 1 LATMOS-CNRS, France 2 Institut d Aéronomie Spatiale
More informationExperiment #5: Qualitative Absorption Spectroscopy
Experiment #5: Qualitative Absorption Spectroscopy One of the most important areas in the field of analytical chemistry is that of spectroscopy. In general terms, spectroscopy deals with the interactions
More informationIntegrating the Solar Spectrum
Integrating the Solar Spectrum PHYS 4400, Principles and Varieties of Solar Energy Instructor: Randy J. Ellingson The University of Toledo January 24, 203 Pop Quiz Note: quiz does not count toward grade
More information5.5. San Diego (8/22/03 10/4/04)
NSF UV SPECTRORADIOMETER NETWORK 23-24 OPERATIONS REPORT 5.5. San Diego (8/22/3 1/4/4) The 23-24 season at San Diego includes the period 8/22/3 1/4/4. In contrast to other network sites, San Diego serves
More informationAcrylic Coatings: The Perfect Stucco Finish
Acrylic Coatings: The Perfect Stucco Finish By Larry Miller and Joe Miller Whether a stucco surface is new or old, there are many different finish coatings in today s marketplace that are supposedly right
More informationDesign qualification and type approval of PV modules acc. to IEC 61215:2005 / IEC 61646:2008
Design qualification and type approval of PV modules acc. to IEC 61215:2005 / IEC 61646:2008 TÜV Rheinland Immissionsschutz und Energiesysteme GmbH Renewable Energies 2009-01-22 January 2009 Design qualification
More informationDesign qualification and type approval of PV modules
Design qualification and type approval of PV modules TÜV Immissionsschutz und Energiesysteme GmbH Test Centre for Energy technologies May 2003 Design qualification and type approval of PV-modules in accordance
More informationCONSERVATION AND LIGHTING
CONSERVATION AND LIGHTING Light is essential for the examination and enjoyment of collection items. But in a museum light also means damage: dyes and pigments fade or change appearance and the materials
More informationAccelerated Aging and Life Time Prediction for Solar Concentrators
Chart 1 Accelerated Aging and Life Time Prediction for Solar Concentrators CSP Today 2015, Sevilla J. Wette, F. Sutter (DLR) A. Fernandez (CIEMAT) Chart 2 Contents Motivation/Solar mirrors Outdoor testing
More informationProject 2B Building a Solar Cell (2): Solar Cell Performance
April. 15, 2010 Due April. 29, 2010 Project 2B Building a Solar Cell (2): Solar Cell Performance Objective: In this project we are going to experimentally measure the I-V characteristics, energy conversion
More informationApplications. Blue IF 039, Green IF 062, Yellow IF 022, Orange IF 041, Red IF 090,Dark Red IF 091 IR pass IF 092, IF098, IF 093 Surface 1 5/2 0.
Color Filters Blue, Green, Yellow, Orange, Red & NIR Color Filters Blue and Green filters, transmitts wavelength in a corresponding color as seen by the human eye, while yellow, orange and red are long
More informationSpecifying Plasma Deposited Hard Coated Optical Thin Film Filters. Alluxa Engineering Staff
Specifying Plasma Deposited Hard Coated Optical Thin Film Filters. Alluxa Engineering Staff December 2012 Specifying Advanced Plasma Deposited Hard Coated Optical Bandpass and Dichroic Filters. Introduction
More informationReport of the Spectral Irradiance Comparison EURAMET.PR-K1.a.1 between MIKES (Finland) and NIMT (Thailand)
Report of the Spectral Irradiance Comparison EURAMET.PR-K1.a.1 between MIKES (Finland) and NIMT (Thailand) M. Ojanen 1, M. Shpak 1, P. Kärhä 1, R. Leecharoen 2, and E. Ikonen 1,3 1 Helsinki University
More informationDevelopment of the Extreme Ultraviolet Spectrometer: EXCEED
Development of the Extreme Ultraviolet Spectrometer: EXCEED Go Murakami*, Kazuo Yoshioka, Atsushi Yamazaki, Tomoki Kimura Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency
More informationExperience. The Atlas Difference.
XENON TEST INSTRUMENTS Lightfastness Weatherfastness Photostability Experience. The Atlas Difference. WORLD S MOST USED FL ATBED WEATHERING INSTRUMENTS Weathering is the adverse response of a material
More informationILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLE: Given: A = 3 and B = 4 if we now want the value of C=? C = 3 + 4 = 9 + 16 = 25 or 2
Forensic Spectral Anaylysis: Warm up! The study of triangles has been done since ancient times. Many of the early discoveries about triangles are still used today. We will only be concerned with the "right
More informationSideLight Cable Applications notes
SideLight Cable Applications notes How far can you go? The most common question asked about SideLight cable is, "How far can the light be transmitted?" For side-lighting applications, the loss percentage
More informationWe bring quality to light. MAS 40 Mini-Array Spectrometer. light measurement
MAS 40 Mini-Array Spectrometer light measurement Features at a glance Cost-effective and robust CCD spectrometer technology Standard USB interface Compatible with all Instrument Systems measuring adapters
More informationReflectance Measurements of Materials Used in the Solar Industry. Selecting the Appropriate Accessories for UV/Vis/NIR Measurements.
T e c h n i c a l N o t e Reflectance Measurements of Materials Used in the Solar Industry UV/Vis/NIR Author: Dr. Jeffrey L. Taylor PerkinElmer, Inc. 710 Bridgeport Avenue Shelton, CT 06484 USA Selecting
More informationEnvironmental Specifications for the Storage of Library & Archival Materials
Preservation Services Leaflet 1438 West Peachtree Street, Suite 200/Atlanta, GA 30309 Phone: 404-892-0943/Fax: 404-892-7879 Website: Environmental Specifications for the Storage of Library
More informationTypes Name Description. Films Polyethylene 4 and 6 mil Regular UV. Rigid Plastics Fiberglass" Fiber reinforced. "Plexiglass" or equal
Greenhouse Coverings One of the most important parts of a greenhouse facility is the covering. Since sunlight is generally the limiting factor in wintertime greenhouse production, a covering that transmits
More informationOUTDOOR WEATHERING MUST VERIFY ACCELERATED TESTING Michael Crewdson 1 1 Q-Lab Weathering Research Service
OUTDOOR WEATHERING MUST VERIFY ACCELERATED TESTING Michael Crewdson 1 1 Q-Lab Weathering Research Service 1005 SW 18th Avenue Homestead, FL 33034-1725 U.S.A mcrewdson@q-lab.com Keywords: Outdoor Weathering,
More informationEconomic Mass Producible Mirror Panels for Solar Concentrators
Abstract G, G. Burgess, K. Lovegrove and A. Luzzi Centre for Sustainable Energy Systems Australian National University, Canberra 2 Australia E-mail: Glen@faceng.anu.edu.au The Centre for Sustainable Energy
More informationAccelerated Acid Etch for Automotive Clearcoats I
pci0605p72 BASF.job 8/11/05 2:16 PM Page 1 A Joint Research Project Provides Lab and Field Correlation Accelerated Acid Etch for Automotive Clearcoats I n the 1980s, damage to automotive coatings from
More information0.00 18 TO18 0.00 _ nothing special M 0.20 49.00 A UVA 24.00 18ISO90 TO18 6.00 Lens concentr. Lens D 0.50 49.00 B UVB 24.
Basic Information That guide assists you selecting the right ilicon Carbide (ic) based UV photodiode for your application. Basically this selection is between active area, spectral behaviour, packaging
More informationWOOD WEAR TESTING USING TRIBOMETER
WOOD WEAR TESTING USING TRIBOMETER Prepared by Duanjie Li, PhD 6 Morgan, Ste156, Irvine CA 92618 P: 949.461.9292 F: 949.461.9232 nanovea.com Today's standard for tomorrow's materials. 2015 NANOVEA INTRO
More informationTech Bulletin. Understanding Solar Performance
Tech Bulletin Understanding Solar Performance Bekaert solar control window films use advanced technology to benefit consumers with quality solutions that enhance comfort and decrease energy use. By understanding
More informationColor Accurate Digital Photography of Artworks
Color Accurate Digital Photography of Artworks Robin D. Myers Better Light, Inc. 30 October 2000 2000 Better Light, Inc., all rights reserved. Introduction In the world of photography, some colors are
More informationMARTIN TESTING LABORATORIES (MTL) PAINTS AND COATINGS TESTING CAPABILITIES
Liquid Coating Properties Composition VOC Content, ASTM D2369 Water Content, ASTM D4017 Physical Properties Calculating Physical Constants of Coatings, ASTM D5201 Density, ASTM D1475 Flash Point, ASTM
More information3M Scotch-Weld EPX Two-component structural adhesives and applicator guns
M Scotch-Weld EPX Two-component structural adhesives and applicator guns Innovation What is a structural adhesive? M s high-strength structural adhesives are fundamentally load-bearing formulations. Bond
More informationCorrelating Accelerated Laboratory, Field, and Thermal Aging TPO Membranes
Journal of ASTM International, Vol. 8, No. 8 Paper ID JAI103743 Available online at www.astm.org Linlin Xing 1 and Thomas J. Taylor 2 Correlating Accelerated Laboratory, Field, and Thermal Aging TPO Membranes
More informationHellma. Where precision becomes an art. Calibration standards for spectrophotometers. 2008 by Hellma www.hellma-worldwide.com
Hellma. Where precision becomes an art. Calibration standards for spectrophotometers 2008 by Hellma www.hellma-worldwide.com Contents Calibration of spectrophotometers 3 Traceability of the calibration
More informationPERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF WATER-FLOW WINDOW GLAZING
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF WATER-FLOW WINDOW GLAZING LI CHUNYING DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY CITY UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG FEBRUARY 2012 CITY UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG 香 港 城 市 大 學 Performance Evaluation of Water-flow
More information1. Introduction. 2. Components. 3. Optical Specifications. 4. Electric Specifications. 5. Dimension. 6. Operating Environment. 7.
SPECIFICATIONS Super Model: XHS-220S1 Class Solar Simulator 1. Introduction 2. Components 3. Optical Specifications 4. Electric Specifications 5. Dimension 6. Operating Environment 7. Warranty SAN-EI ELECTRIC
More informationGlobal Hybrid Roofing Solutions (Delaware) LLC
Global Hybrid Roofing Solutions (Delaware) LLC Product ing Summary Distributed by: BEST MATERIALS LLC Ph: 800-474-7570, 602-272-8128 Fax: 602-272-8014 Email: sales@bestmaterials.com www.bestmaterials.com
More informationWhat is Solar Control?
A better environment inside and out. Solar, Safety and Security Window Films: Tech Bulletin Understanding Solar Performance Solar Gard solar control window films use advanced technology to benefit consumers
More informationSTABILITY TESTING: PHOTOSTABILITY TESTING OF NEW DRUG SUBSTANCES AND PRODUCTS
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HARMONISATION OF TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR REGISTRATION OF PHARMACEUTICALS FOR HUMAN USE ICH HARMONISED TRIPARTITE GUIDELINE STABILITY TESTING: PHOTOSTABILITY TESTING OF NEW
More informationAP Physics B Ch. 23 and Ch. 24 Geometric Optics and Wave Nature of Light
AP Physics B Ch. 23 and Ch. 24 Geometric Optics and Wave Nature of Light Name: Period: Date: MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) Reflection,
More informationLight and Radiation Techniques for Airbag System Testing Burkhard Severon K.H.Steuernagel Lichttechnik GmbH
Light and Radiation Techniques for Airbag System Testing Burkhard Severon K.H.Steuernagel Lichttechnik GmbH 1. Introduction Tests to accomplish accelerated ageing effects on automotive components are performed
More informationTechnical description of the modulated UV field site in Sodankylä, Hanne Perälä, FMI-ARC
Technical description of the modulated UV field site in Sodankylä, Hanne Perälä, FMI-ARC The first research field for the FUVIRC project was established during the spring 2002 in the Tähtelä area close
More informationSoil degradation monitoring by active and passive remote-sensing means: examples with two degradation processes
Soil degradation monitoring by active and passive remote-sensing means: examples with two degradation processes Naftaly Goldshleger, *Eyal Ben-Dor,* *Ido Livne,* U. Basson***, and R.Ben-Binyamin*Vladimir
More informationSIMULATION OF THE MARS SURFACE SOLAR SPECTRA FOR OPTIMIZED PERFORMANCE OF TRIPLE- JUNCTION SOLAR CELLS
SIMULATION OF THE MARS SURFACE SOLAR SPECTRA FOR OPTIMIZED PERFORMANCE OF TRIPLE- JUNCTION SOLAR CELLS Kenneth M. Edmondson, David E. Joslin, Chris M. Fetzer, Richard R. King, Nasser H. Karam Spectrolab,
More informationASI OEM Outdoor Solar Modules
SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAICS ASI OEM OUTDOOR E ASI OEM Outdoor Solar Modules for innovative autarchic electronic devices More Energy Double-stacked cells Stable performance Reliability and Quality Made in Germany
More informationSolar Cell Parameters and Equivalent Circuit
9 Solar Cell Parameters and Equivalent Circuit 9.1 External solar cell parameters The main parameters that are used to characterise the performance of solar cells are the peak power P max, the short-circuit
More informationAgilent Cary 60 UV-Vis
Agilent Cary 60 UV-Vis Efficient. Accurate. Flexible. Specifications Introduction The Agilent Cary 60 UV-Vis spectrophotometer is efficient, accurate and flexible, and is designed to meet both current
More informationInterested in conducting your own webinar? Email webinars@bnpmedia.com
Interested in conducting your own webinar? Email webinars@bnpmedia.com IR Applications in the Real World Archive www.process-heating.com Add to your favorites IR Applications in the Real World What it
More informationRadiation-Resistant Single-Mode Optical Fibers
Radiation-Resistant Single-Mode Optical Fibers Kazuhiko Aikawa, 1 Katsuaki Izoe, 1 Naoki Shamoto, 1 Manabu Kudoh, 1 and Takashi Tsumanuma 1 Loss of silica-based optical fibers increases when they are exposed
More informationW E B R I N G Q U A L I T Y T O L I G H T. Handbook of LED Metrology
W E B R I N G Q U A L I T Y T O L I G H T. Handbook of LED Metrology LED Metrology Contents Page 1. Introduction 2 2. Terms and Definitions in Photometry and Colorimetry 3 2.1 Radiometric quantities 3
More informationWEATHER STATION FOR SOLAR FARM MONITORING
WEATHER STATION FOR SOLAR FARM MONITORING SOLAR FARM MONITORING SYSTEM: Measures global, horizontal, & background irradiance. Measures wind speed, wind direction, ambient temperature, and relative humidity.
More informationPHYA2. General Certificate of Education Advanced Subsidiary Examination June 2010. Mechanics, Materials and Waves
Centre Number Surname Candidate Number For Examiner s Use Other Names Candidate Signature Examiner s Initials Physics A Unit 2 For this paper you must have: a ruler a calculator a Data and Formulae Booklet.
More informationWAVELENGTH OF LIGHT - DIFFRACTION GRATING
PURPOSE In this experiment we will use the diffraction grating and the spectrometer to measure wavelengths in the mercury spectrum. THEORY A diffraction grating is essentially a series of parallel equidistant
More informationHow To Measure Solar Spectral Irradiance
Accurate Determination of the TOA Solar Spectral NIR Irradiance Using a Primary Standard Source and the Bouguer-Langley Technique. D. Bolsée, N. Pereira, W. Decuyper, D. Gillotay, H. Yu Belgian Institute
More information3M Bumpon Protective Products Molded Shapes - Colored and Clear Series SJ5000 SJ5300 SJ5400 SJ5500 SJ5700 SJ6100
Technical Data July 2015 3M Bumpon Protective Products Molded Shapes - Colored and Clear Series SJ5000 SJ5300 SJ5400 SJ5500 SJ5700 SJ6100 Product Description 3M Bumpon Protective Products Molded Shapes
More informationEXTERIOR LONG GLASS FIBER POLYPROPYLENE SYSTEM FOR AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATIONS. Abstract
EXTERIOR LONG GLASS FIBER POLYPROPYLENE SYSTEM FOR AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATIONS D. Fuller, S. Green, T. Ho, T. Kajdan, R. Lee, M. McKelvy, T. Sutton, T. Traugott The Dow Chemical Company, Dow Automotive Abstract
More informationComparison of steel bridge coatings
NSCC2009 Comparison of steel bridge coatings K. Jyrkäs 1 & T. Harju 2 1 HAMK University of Applied Sciences, Sheet Metal Development Centre, Hämeenlinna, Finland 2 Ruukki Construction, Infrastructure construction,
More informationFTIR Instrumentation
FTIR Instrumentation Adopted from the FTIR lab instruction by H.-N. Hsieh, New Jersey Institute of Technology: http://www-ec.njit.edu/~hsieh/ene669/ftir.html 1. IR Instrumentation Two types of instrumentation
More informationA Kind of Magic. The Formation of Calcium Oxalate During Artificial Weathering of Window Profiles. > > more than additives
A Kind of Magic The Formation of Calcium Oxalate During Artificial Weathering of Window Profiles ing H. Huisman, Dr M. Schiller, Dr B. Pelzl, Dr P. Klaß, Dr P. Wilhelm, Dr B. Chernev Tested Properties
More information3M Bumpon Protective Products
Technical Data November 2012 3M Bumpon Protective Products Product Description 3M Bumpon Protective Products are pressure-sensitive. adhesive-backed polyurethane products. They can be used as feet, stops,
More informationTheremino System Theremino Spectrometer Technology
Theremino System Theremino Spectrometer Technology theremino System - Theremino Spectrometer Technology - August 15, 2014 - Page 1 Operation principles By placing a digital camera with a diffraction grating
More information8001782 Owner s Manual
8001782 Digital Infrared Thermometer Owner s Manual Introduction This instrument is a portable, easy to use compact-size digital thermometer with laser sighting designed for one hand operation. The meter
More informationJanet Machol NOAA National Geophysical Data Center University of Colorado CIRES. Rodney Viereck NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center
Janet Machol NOAA National Geophysical Data Center University of Colorado CIRES Rodney Viereck NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center Andrew Jones University of Colorado LASP Inter-Calibration and Degradation
More informationSELECTIVE GLAZING FOR SUN CONTROL
SUN CONTROL GLAZING SELECTIVE GLAZING FOR SUN CONTROL Sun Factor 1st level performance for direct solar energy Solar energy control Solar control coating Only if the glass is exposed to sun rays! 2nd level
More informationFinnish Marine Research Infrastructure FINMARI
Finnish Marine Research Infrastructure FINMARI Lauri Laakso, Finnish Meteorological Institute Timo Tamminen, Finnish Environment Institute Finnish Meteorological Institute 1. National roadmap for key research
More informationEnergy efficient Indoor Environments- Indoor pilot
Energy efficient Indoor Environments- Indoor pilot Eija Parmes, Kari Rainio, Paula Järvinen, Pekka Siltanen, VTT Teemu Vesanen, Jorma Pietiläinen, Mikko Tuomisto, VTT Harri Hahkala, Jorma Säteri, Metropolia
More informationP R E A M B L E. Facilitated workshop problems for class discussion (1.5 hours)
INSURANCE SCAM OPTICS - LABORATORY INVESTIGATION P R E A M B L E The original form of the problem is an Experimental Group Research Project, undertaken by students organised into small groups working as
More informationDow Corning PROPRIETARY. Dow Corning. A Thermal Modelling Comparison of Typical Curtain Wall Systems
Dow Corning A Thermal Modelling Comparison of Typical Curtain Wall Systems Introduction Today s Aim To understand the meaning of a U value and window energy ratings Discuss the drivers for energy efficiency
More informationPV in the District of tomorrow
PV in the District of tomorrow Tools for determing reliability of advanced materials DAS meeting, Utrecht, November 14, 2013. Zeger Vroon, Ruud Boetes, Charlotte Creussen, George Vervuurt, Michiel Ritzen,
More informationPaint it cool! Pigments for solar heat management in paints
Paint it cool! Pigments for solar heat management in paints Reflection instead of absorption keeps the coated surface cool Of 1 % solar radiation, % are absorbed at the earth s surface. Absorption 25 %
More informationUV/VIS/IR SPECTROSCOPY ANALYSIS OF NANOPARTICLES
UV/VIS/IR SPECTROSCOPY ANALYSIS OF NANOPARTICLES SEPTEMBER 2012, V 1.1 4878 RONSON CT STE K SAN DIEGO, CA 92111 858-565 - 4227 NANOCOMPOSIX.COM Note to the Reader: We at nanocomposix have published this
More informationTHE NATURE OF LIGHT AND COLOR
THE NATURE OF LIGHT AND COLOR THE PHYSICS OF LIGHT Electromagnetic radiation travels through space as electric energy and magnetic energy. At times the energy acts like a wave and at other times it acts
More informationDepartment of Engineering Enzo Ferrari University of Modena and Reggio Emilia
Department of Engineering Enzo Ferrari University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Object: Measurement of solar reflectance, thermal emittance and Solar Reflectance Index Report Reference person: Alberto Muscio
More informationCrime-lite 82 NEW. Infrared model UV-Vis-IR camera Wheeled laboratory cart. foster + freeman
NEW Infrared model UV-Vis-IR camera Wheeled laboratory cart 82 A complete range of high intensity LED light sources for crime scene investigation and forensic laboratory examination The highest output
More informationName of research institute or organization: École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
Name of research institute or organization: École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Title of project: Study of atmospheric ozone by a LIDAR Project leader and team: Dr. Valentin Simeonov, project
More informationCOLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES DIVISION
COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES DIVISION ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH & SAFETY Working Safely with Ultraviolet Radiation Policy and Procedures Purpose: To provide information and guidelines for the safe use
More information3 Single-Coated Foam Tapes
3 Single-Coated Foam Tapes Technical Data May, 2008 Product Description 3M Single-Coated Foam Tapes will adhere to a variety of substrates, including latex-painted wood, lacquered wood, enameled steel,
More informationLight Analysis in lighting technology
Light Analysis in lighting technology by Norbert Unzner 2001 B&S Elektronische Geräte GmbH Table of Contents: Part I 1 Introduction 3 2 Light sources 3 3 Methods of color measurements 4 3.1 Tristimulus
More informationAn Introduction to the MTG-IRS Mission
An Introduction to the MTG-IRS Mission Stefano Gigli, EUMETSAT IRS-NWC Workshop, Eumetsat HQ, 25-0713 Summary 1. Products and Performance 2. Design Overview 3. L1 Data Organisation 2 Part 1 1. Products
More informationNew Cable Tie Type Classifications
1 New Cable Tie Type Classifications UL 62275 United States CSA C22.2 No. 62275 Canada NMX-J-623-ANCE Mexico Technically Equivalent to IEC 62275 All cable ties are not created equal!!! With an increasing
More informationSolar Home System. User Manual. AEH-SHS01-10W2L Solar Home System 2 Lamps
Solar Home System User Manual AEHSHS0110W2L Solar Home System 2 Lamps All rights reserved Specifications subject to change without prior notice 2 Dear Customer, Thank you for purchasing Schneider Electric
More informationDouble Coated Urethane Foam Tapes
3 Double Coated Urethane Foam Tapes 4004 4008 4016 4026 4032 4052 4056 4085 Technical Data April, 2009 Product Description 3M Double Coated Urethane Foam Tapes are conformable foams that offer high shear
More informationEnergy Pathways in Earth s Atmosphere
BRSP - 10 Page 1 Solar radiation reaching Earth s atmosphere includes a wide spectrum of wavelengths. In addition to visible light there is radiation of higher energy and shorter wavelength called ultraviolet
More informationWorking paper: Sky Quality Meter cross-calibration in the BMP project
Working paper: Sky Quality Meter cross-calibration in the BMP project Francesco Giubbilini, Andrea Giacomelli March 2011 Abstract The BMP project (where BMP comes from BuioMetria Partecipativa, i.e. Participatory
More informationCERAMIC XENON LAMPS APPLICATIONS FEATURES & BENEFITS VAC CERAMIC XENON LAMPS
Form No. S-VAC/R-115 CERAMIC XENON LAMPS VAC CERAMIC XENON SERIES VAC CERAMIC XENON LAMPS America, a respected leader in specialty lighting, brings you the latest advancement in lamp technology - our new
More informationSUN SIMULATION AT HIGH FLUX LEVEL
SUN SIMULATION AT HIGH FLUX LEVEL Paul-Eric DUPUIS, Thibault RAVILY, Emmanuel SARAIVA, David LAFFONT, Nicolas GROTTO, Fabien CABARET (1) (1) INTESPACE, 2 rond point Pierre Guillaumat, BP 64356,31029 Toulouse
More informationSCENIC VIEW SV 10 SECTION 08 87 13 SOLAR CONTROL FILMS
PART 1 GENERAL SCENIC VIEW SV 10 SECTION 08 87 13 SOLAR CONTROL FILMS 1.1 SUMMARY A. Optically clear dual reflective, neutral sputtered and aluminum metallized polyester film for solar control. 1.2 RELATED
More information6) How wide must a narrow slit be if the first diffraction minimum occurs at ±12 with laser light of 633 nm?
Test IV Name 1) In a single slit diffraction experiment, the width of the slit is 3.1 10-5 m and the distance from the slit to the screen is 2.2 m. If the beam of light of wavelength 600 nm passes through
More informationSpectral Measurement Solutions for Industry and Research
Spectral Measurement Solutions for Industry and Research Hamamatsu Photonics offers a comprehensive range of products for spectroscopic applications, covering the, Visible and Infrared regions for Industrial,
More information