Aspects for regulation and public policy in the mobile information society - Frequency Open Policy in n Japan -

Transcription

1 Aspects for regulation and public policy in the mobile information society - Frequency Open Policy in n Japan - March 2004 Ministry of of Public Management, Home Affairs, Posts and Telecommunications

2 Overview of the Radio Policy Vision (Report of the Telecommunications Council) Basic roles of radio spectrum use Quality Quality of of life life Industrial/economic Industrial/economic activities activities safe safe and and secure secure society/country society/country Local Local economy economy Mid- and long-term Outlook of Spectrum Use Realization of a wireless broadband environment - More spectrum uses in Home, Business, Medicine/Welfare, Security Expansion of Radio-Related Industry Mid- and long-term Outlook of Radio Policy Mid- to long-term goals (in 5 to 10 years) Realization of a ubiquitous network society Ensuring National Security through Diversified Networks Fostering Competitive Wireless ICT Industry Desirable Radio Policy I. I. Dynamic Dynamic review review of of spectrum spectrum allocation allocation II. II. Policies Policies for for frequency frequency refarming refarmingand and spectrum spectrum use use III. III. Reform Reform of of Spectrum Spectrum User User Fee Fee IV. IV. Promotion Promotion of of R&D R&D V. V. Facilitating Facilitating smooth smooth prevalence prevalence of of radio radio equipment equipment VI. VI. Enhancing Enhancing international international strategy strategy VII. VII. Building Building a safer safer and and securer securer environment environment for for radio radio spectrum spectrum use use Realization of a ubiquitous network society through construction of wireless broadband environment 1

3 Trains Impact: Construction of Wireless Broadband Environment Public Facilities - Ubuiquitous Network Society - Ticket gate Education You can check information on anything you cannot understand right here. Public Transportation Change lanes Accident 500m ahead Data exchanges via vehicleto-vehicle communications You are too close. Boarding procedures using wireless terminals Daily Lives Comprehensiv e learning utilizing cameras, GPS, etc. Use of mobile terminals in education Wireless vehicle-to-vehicle communications Business New products this year! Keyless door locks Microwave oven TV (in aircraft) It s realistic and easy to understand! Coffee maker Wireless-controlled home security Table lamp Let s confirm the schedule using my cellular telephone via VPN. Well I ll check s before arrival. Umm, finish the rest of today s work at the Hot Spot (service area of public wireless access). Wireless office 2

4 New Frequency for the Advancement of RFID RFID Tag Current Common Frequencies For RFID Frequency bands where RFID can be used Inventory Management System Japan 135 khz MHz 800/900MHz 2.45 GHz 135 khz MHz 800/900MHz 2.45 GHz Europe 135 khz MHz 800/900MHz 2.45 GHz U.S. RFID Tag Air Baggage Tracing System Demonstrative experiment is promoted for practical use on 800/900 MHz where new demand is appearing A single Tag might be used on-worldwide worldwide-basis! RFID Tag Multifunctional IC Card 3

5 4 MPHPT,JAPAN Review of the Allocations to Wireless LAN (NWA) in the 5 GHz Band 2.4 GHz band 97 MHz bandwidth Radio LAN (for indoor and outdoor use) Industry, science, and medical equipments (e.g. microwave ovens) MHz bandwidth Radio LAN (for indoor and outdoor use) Industry, science, and medical equipment (e.g. microwave ovens) [MHz] [MHz] 100 MHz bandwidth Radio LAN (for indoor use) Satellite communications Radar Radar, レーダ etc. 等 MHz bandwidth Radio LAN (for indoor use) Radio LAN (for indoor use)* 5 GHz band New allocations for Radio LAN on a worldwide basis 355 MHz bandwidth Satellite communications Radar Radar, etc. Radio LAN (for indoor and outdoor use) * Limited outdoor applications are possible. [MHz] Currently Under Study in Telecommunications Telecommunications under Study in Council Council [MHz] Major frequency bands being used now - The frequency band that can be used for outdoor applications has been greatly expanded. More users are able to use faster communications. -Common frequency bands that can be used on a worldwide basis have been expanded. Users can benefit from improved convenience and less expensive equipment.

6 Spectrum Open Policy 5 Target Spectrum Identification for for future needs Solution Dynamic Dynamic review review of of frequency allocation allocation (Spectrum refarming refarmingpolicy) Rapid frequency refarming in in order to to accomodate wireless broadband systems Introduction of of compensation scheme scheme for for rapid rapid frequency refarming refarming Facilitation of of flexible business promotion Partial Partial introduction of of a registration scheme scheme with with simplified simplified process process

7 Process of Spectrum Reform Radio Policy Vision Study on on Effective Use Use of of Radio Spectrum Telecommunications Telecommunications Council Council Aug. Aug. '02 '02 Consultation of of Radio Policy Jun. Jun. '03 '03Public Comment to to Report Jul. Jul. '03 '03 Report Study Study Group Group on on Effective Effective Use Use of of Spectrum Spectrum Policy Policy Jan. Jan. '02 '02 Start Dec. Dec. '02 '02 1st 1st Report Introduction Introduction of of Compensation Compensation Scheme Scheme Sep. Sep. '03 '03 2nd 2nd Report Introduction Introduction of of Registration Registration Dec. Dec. '03 '03 3rd 3rd Report Assignment Assignment of of Spectrum Spectrum refarming refarming Oct. Oct. '03 '03 the the Guidelines for for Spectrum Refarming published Feb. Feb. '04 '04 Draft Revised Radio Law Law submitted to to the the Diet Diet 6

8 Dynamic Review of Frequency Allocation It is necessary to dynamically review radio spectrum allocation in order to facilitate the introduction of radio systems required for the world s most advanced Wireless Broadband Environment (1) dynamic review of of radio spectrum allocation in in all frequency bands including those assigned to to the national government and public corporations. (2) Encourage licensees to to return redundant spectrum not being used efficiently. (3) refarming of of radio spectrum, which are used for radio systems actually replaceable with fiber-optic cables etc., to to other radio systems such as mobile communications, for which radio spectrum use is is indispensable. (4) Rapid refarming of of radio spectrum to to new radio systems with higher demand. Mobile Communication Systems (below 5-6GHz) Wireless LAN (mainly in 5GHz band) Terrestrial Digital Television RFID (Electronic Tag) ITS, HEO * 3, UWB Expansion of usage in the future * 1 Large increase in demands for radio spectrum (based on forecast methods developed by ITU) MHz bandwidth (current status) MHz bandwidth (5 years later) - 1,060-1,380 MHz bandwidth (10 years later) Large increase in demands for radio spectrum (based on forecast methods developed by ITU) MHz bandwidth (current status) - Max. 480 MHz bandwidth (5 years later) - Max. 740 MHz bandwidth (10 years later) Smooth penetration and development of digitalization Advanced utilization of electronic tags will evolve in diversified fields such as physical distribution. Development of these radio systems will progress. Concepts for addressing radio spectrum demands Based upon results of survey on actual radio spectrum usage including those in the public sector, (1) Create radio spectrum for new use, through efficient use of radio spectrum and transition to fiber-optic cables (2) Rapid refarming of radio spectrum (3) Shared-use with other radio systems - Smooth implementation of measures for conversions of current TV frequencies for digitalization. - Radio spectrum vacated by the termination of conversion process (analog/digital simulcasting) will be used for mobile communications, etc. 135 khz, 13.5 MHz, 2.4 GHz bands are currently in use. Clarification of available frequency bands, necessary bandwidths, etc. based on considerations concerning trends in R&D, sharing conditions. *1 The figures of the bandwidths of Mobile Communication Systems and Wireless LAN are round numbers. *2 MCA: Multi-Channel Access (a trunked radio system.) *3 HEO : Highly Elliptical Orbit satellite system used for satellite communication, radiodetermination etc. Measures to be taken for promotion Examples of major candidates for additional frequency bands for mobile communication systems - 800MHz band, 1.5 GHz band (currently in use for MCA)* GHz band (currently in use for fixed communications) - 4 GHz / 5 GHz bands (currently in use for fixed communications) Examples of major candidates for additional frequency bands for Wireless LANs GHz band (currently in use for fixed communications) GHz band (currently in use for radars) GHz band (currently in use for radars) - Frequency assignment for facilitating nationwide deployment of digital broadcasting - The UHF band except those used for digital TV will be used for mobile communications after 2012; the VHF band will be used for radio systems with high demand after Consideration of available frequency bands, based on concrete images of applications using RFID. Implementation of domestic frequency assignment, considering international spectrum allocation and international harmonization. 7

9 Ensuring Transparency of Spectrum Usage - Survey, Publication and Evaluation System - Survey Items 〇 Number of radio stations 〇 Traffic 〇 Years in use of radio facilities 〇 Replaceability with other means of telecommunications such as fiber-optic cables etc. Surveys on on Radio Spectrum Usage All of the radio spectrum is divided into the following three sections. 1Below 770MHz 2Above 770MHz/below 3.4GHz 3Above 3.4GHz Publication Publication of of the the Survey Survey Results Results Evaluation of of efficiency in in spectrum usage on on each frequency band Public Public Comments Comments For For example; example; New New spectrum spectrum required required for for emerging emerging needs needs Important Important to to keep keep the the current current use use Consultation Consultation to to the the Radio Radio Regulatory Regulatory Council Council Publication Publication of of the the Evaluation Evaluation Results Results For For example; example; Current Current spectrum spectrum use use is is efficient efficient Appropriate Appropriate to to compress compress the the bandwidth bandwidth Should Should be be substituted substituted by by optical optical fiber fiber links links etc. etc. Surveys on on economic impacts on on existing licensees Reflection Modification of of Frequency Assignment Plan 8

10 Compensation Scheme for Rapid Spectrum Refarming Internet New Spectrum Users <A new entry is possible on vacated frequencies> RLAN, etc. New entry Restaurants Incumbent Licensees <Station for fixed microwave links> Base stations of Telecommunications Carriers Hotel Intelligent Home Appliances Economic Costs to Incumbent Licensees (Salvage Value, Removal Cost and so on) Withdrawal - No alternative frequencies - Shorter transition period within 3 years (10 years for the existing scheme) Need for Compensation of Compensation Provision of Economic benefits to new spectrum users Collection of of additional Spectrum User User Fee Fee from from new new spectrum users users 9

11 Outline of Registration System 10 <Bandwidth Guaranteed Type> Broadcasting stations, Cellular Phones, etc. <Current System> License System No No license license required required for for Small Small Power Power or or Limited Limited Bandwidth Bandwidth Background:Technological Development, etc. Introduction (planned) <Shared Use Type> Best Effort systems such as High Power Out-door Radio LAN Ex-ante Checking (License System) High High Power Power Exclusive Use Use Ex-post Checking (Registration System) Higher Power Power than than License-free systems Same operation rules rules applied applied (Coping (Coping with with Interference, Interference, limited limited term term permission, permission, etc.) etc.) To Promote Multiple Use of Radio Spectrum

12 Substantial Deregulation for Experimental Stations 11 Issue Early Development of Technologies New Systems for Efficient Spectrum Use 1Outline of Specific measures <Process of License Application> Application Examination Pre-license Equipment Completion Test Measure Foster, Application Process for Experimental Stations Introduction of New Specific Experimental Station license Operation Effect Contribution to Anti- Spectrum Congestion Industry Revitalization Under certain conditions; To Simplifying process To Shorten the process period <Certain Conditions (For Protection from Interference, etc.)> Usable Region, Frequency, Antenna Power is presented in advance Coordination of Operation among the Specific Experimental Stations 1 to 2 year license period 2Major Effects <Less Economic Burden> Instant License = No Equipment Completion Test Required Less burden due to the abolishment of various Test Fees Acceleration of Product R&D in Manufacturers (Laboratories, Factories)

13 Estimation of Market Sizes of Radio-related Industries * Radio-related Amounts 12 (Trillion Yen) Tri. Yen Tri. Yen Tri. Yen Industries Industries Potentially Potentially Using Using Radio Radio ** distributors, education, medical/nursing care/welfare services, games, etc. Industries Industries Using Using Radio Radio ** Security service, Airline, Maritime, Railway and Automobile transportation services etc. Core Core Radio-based Radio-based Industries Industries Cellular Operators, Broadcasters, Related manufacturers, Contents creaters,, mobile EC etc.

14 Policies and Regulations for Radio-Radiation Radiation Protection From human exposure to EMF Radio-Radiation Protection Regulations a. Radio-Radiation Protection Guidelines(1990,1997) Guidelines established for human exposure to EMF in consideration of sufficient safety factors b. Stipulations of RF emission limits at broadcasting, base stations etc. (1999 enforced) Obligation of installing safety facilities established in order not to allow general persons physically entering places where electromagnetic field strength exceeds limit values c. Stipulations of SAR limits on cellular terminals (2002 enforced) Establishment of SAR limit based on Radio-Radiation Protection Guidelines Investigation of the effects of radio waves on the human body In order to investigate the possible effects of radio waves, Committee to promote research on the possible biological effects of electromagnetic fields was established in 1997, and this committee has been conducting studies on the effects of the radio waves to eyeballs and epidemiological research on relationship between use of cellular phones and brain tumor. Interim report (Published Jan. 2001) a. No evidence found that radio-radiation less than the value defined in the Guidelines cause bad effect to the health b. Not necessary to particularly care the use of cellular phone c. Not necessary to immediately revise the Radio-Regulation Protection Regulations etc. Confirmation that radio-radiation from cellular phone does not cause bad effect on learning and memory (Nov. 2002) Confirmation that long-term use of cellular phone does not have relationship to the outbreak of brain tumor (Oct. 2003) SAR measurement using PHANTOM 13

15 Current Status of Broadband Penetration in Japan - Number of Subscribers - 2,000,000 0,000,000 8,000,000 6,000,000 - The number of broadband subscribers in Japan, especially those of DSL has grown extensively recent years. (Number of broadband subscribers is around 13 million as of the end of December 2003.) - Japan was first to introduce FTTH services for residences in March , , , , , ,000 Subscribers: 300,000 Approx.33,000 Operators: , (End-Nov. 2003) ,000 Optical Fiber (for general users) Subscribers:894,259 Operators: 12 (End-Dec. 2003) Wireless 894,259 33,000 DSL Subscribers:10,272,052 Operators: 44 (End-Dec. 2003) 10,272,052 4,000, ,000,000 0 Cable Internet Subscribers: Approx. 2,475,000 Operators: 304 (End-Nov. 2003) 2,475,

16 Trend of cellular internet service in Japan - Number of Subscribers -! The number of subscribers: 67.8million => 85% of whole cellular subscribers (=79.8million) also subscribes internet service (Million) 80.0 not available internet available <Service Launch> NTT Docomo (i-mode) KDDI,Tu-Ka (EZweb) J-Phone (J-Sky) /03 99/06 99/09 99/12 00/03 00/06 00/09 00/12 01/03 01/06 01/09 01/12 02/03 02/06 02/09 02/12 03/03 03/06 03/09 03/

17 Towards Realization of Ubiquitous Network Society Telephone line (ADSL, CATV) Usable No. of line: 35 mil actual use: 13.1 mil <Wire> mil mil Broadband Broadband users users Optical fiber Usable No. of line: 16.8 mil actual use: 0.9 mil <Wireless> Wireless Broadband No. of subscribers using internet via cellular: 67.8 mil Mature Mature market market for for wireless wireless narrowband narrowband Frequency Open Policy guidelines for frequency refarming expansion of frequency for Broadband flexible use of radio spectrum environment Broadband Convergence of of Wire Wire & Wireless Advent of of Ubiquitous Society Creation of New Industry (Infrastructure & Users industry) Creation of Applications the world s most advanced wireless Network Rebirth of Economy Hopeful, affluent society Visible existence of Japan 16