Challenges of training for renewable energy in Russia at times of the reform of education system

Transcription

1 Challenges of training for renewable energy in Russia at times of the reform of education system Elistratov V.V. Dr.Sc.(Eng.), Professor, Honoured Power Engineer of the Russian Federation Saint Petersburg State Polytechnical University October, 2013 Moscow, Russia First International Forum Renewable Energy: towards Raising Energy and Economic Efficiencies

2 Challenges of education of renewable energy experts in modern Russia Since 2010 there is no enrollment for engineering programs (specialist). Instead we have a two-tier Bachelor-Master system. It is claimed that upon receiving Bachelor s degree one is an expert with full-fledged higher education. Virtually it means a decline in expertise of a graduate with Bachelor s degree that applies for a position in modern engineering. We are witnesses of a destruction of a long-established shoos of engineering education in fields of hydropower engineering and renewable energy that trained experts in a cross-disciplinary educational space. Unfortunately, new Federal State Educational Standards (FSES) unified by field do not use the experience, authority and expertise of the teachers of said school in the University in this field. A course aimed at unification and standardization of education, large training groups, lectures delivered to several groups simultaneously, distance learning that do not support the development of the way of thinking specific to engineer based on fundamental as well as profound special training. There are no contracts for specialist training from industry, developers and operators as well as no recruitment offers on their behalf. There also are no long-term plan for renewable energy experts as well as no modern qualification requirements provided 2 by potential employers for future specialist.

3 The Reform of Renewable Energy Education in the last 20 years 1992 introduction of a multi-tier education system Bachelor- Engineer-Master, new State Educational Standards (SES) since 1992 new SES left no chance for lead higher education institutes of the country to change their syllabi in accordance with the requests from the corporate consumers consolidation of the specialties nomenclature (Hydro Power Engineering merged with Unconventional and Renewable Energy Sources); a four-year syllabus developed for students training. Students receive a Bachelor s degree after the 4 th year (practically, the level of a technician); significant redistribution of the training capacity between humanities, general professional and specialist disciplines in favour of the former two. since educational practice introduced of a three-tier training since 2010 enrollment for two-tier training only, after four years of training the graduate with a Bachelor s degree can enroll in Master program on a competitive basis introduction of new Federal State Educational Standards of 3 rd generation: work program of a discipline instead of specific content, 3 list of competences, regional component share extended.

4 IHE licensed for RE Education Higher Education Institution Bachelor s, Master s degree, Field of Study State-financed enrolment/graduation in RE Department Moscow Power Engineering Institute (MPEI) Power Engineering 25 Unconventional and Renewable Energy Sources Bauman Moscow State Technical University (BMSTU) /2-3 Last graduation in 2013 Gas Turbine and Unconventional Power Plants Dubna International University for Nature, Society and Man (Dubna University) ? Energy and Environment (no current data) Saint Petersburg State Polytechnical University (SPbSPU) Water and Hydraulic Engineering Construction Kuban State Agrarian University (KubSAU) Power supply of agricultural sector, specialization: Renewable Energy 12 Electric and Thermal Engineering and Renewable Energy Sources Moscow State University (Renewable Energy Sources Lab) (MSU) Environment and Natural Resource Management, Sp.: RE /3-5 Renewable Energy Sources Lab Ural Federal University (UrFU) Nuclear Power Stations 4

5 Master s programs for Renewable Energy in various higher education institution of Russia SPbSPU Master s Program Design and Construction of Hydro Power and Renewable Energy Structures Master s Program «Unconventional and Renewable Energy Sources» Master s Program «Hydro Power and Renewable Energy Structures: Design, Construction, Management and Inspection». MPEI Master s Program «Renewable energy power stations» UrFU Master s Program «Energy Conservation. Energy audit and Energy Efficiency Enhancement of Enterprises and Organizations», specialization: Renewable Energy KSTU Master s Program «Power Plants», specialization: Renewable Energy Power Stations In KubSAU, MSU, Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University "LETI, Moscow State Agro-Engineering University, Chelyabinsk State University Altai State University teach disciplines related to renewable energy sources for bachelor and master students, work on master theses under the guidance of lead scientists in the field of renewable energy, of which many are present in this room.

6 Types of activities in renewable energy and degree programs by type Research and Development Unconventional and Renewable Energy Sources Electrification and Mechanization of Agricultural Sector Projects Unconventional and Renewable Energy Sources Hydraulic Engineering Hydro Power Plants Design, Construction and Management of RE Facilities Construction and Assemblage Hydraulic Engineering Design, Construction and Management of RE Facilities Operation Unconventional and Renewable Energy Sources Hydro Power Plants Electric Power Plants Electrification and Mechanization of Agricultural Sector Electric Power Supply RE Facilities Management and Business Development Unconventional and Renewable Energy Sources Design, Construction and Management of RE Facilities Economics and Company Management 6

7 Total enrolment for Renewable Energy and Hydro Power Engineering in Russia amounts to 150 people a year Of which graduate 75-80% In Russia, yearly graduation of engineers and masters amounts to (including specialization) 7

8 Education for renewable energy expert: strategic principles Educational process as part of higher professional education (renewable energy) should be organized as interdisciplinary innovative education space based upon unique educational solutions and scientific research results (within the framework of Russian Academy of Sciences, sectoral research institutes, lead technical universities) This approach to cross-disciplinary education provides structured and integrated chain of knowledge received by the student at every level of education by groups of disciplines humanities, general professional and specialist disciplines. That in turn ensures the presence of systematic knowledge upon approaching the subject of renewable energy. Due to the fact that the subject of renewable energy represents a unique technical and natural complex, the engineer working in the field of renewable energy must receive a broad polytechnic education that allows one to combine training in Physics and Mathematics, technical and engineering disciplines, knowledge in field of electric power industry as construction, as well as economics and ecology. 8

9 Subspaces of Integrated Educational Space for RE Experts Education 7. Regulations and Strategic Decisions 1. Renewable Energy Resource Assessment: Research and Evaluation 6. Environmental Solutions and Harmonization with Environment Integrated Educational Space for Renewable Energy 2. Technical and Technological Solutions for Unconventional and Renewable Energy 5. Managerial Decisions and Integration into Power/Power Supply System 3. Design and Engineering Solutions and Ecosystem connections 4. Social and Economic Grounding and Solutions 9

10 Tutorial and methodological materials (TMM) for main educational program in RE: algorithm of development TMM for General Education Program Operational syllabi Forms of education Annual operational syllabi Full-time Evening classes Externship Disciplines TMM Tutorial and Methodological Materials Practice TMM TMM for Master Thesis Logistic Support (Laboratories, Centres) Educational Material Multimedia and computers State Exams Docs of Final State Academic Assessment Graduation Thesis Thesis Defense 10

11 Saint Petersburg State Polytechnical University Faculty of Construction Engineering The Department of Renewable Energy Sources and Hydro Power Engineering THE PROJECT OF DALNEVOSTOCHNAYA WIND POWER PLANT (DVWPP) CONSTRUCTION 11 Saint Petersburg 2010 Prepared by: student of 6013/ group: Novikova N.I. Advisor Cand.Sc., associate professor Panfilov A.A.

12 Site Selection and Site Validation for DVWPP 12

13 NASA Satellite (Merra) Map for the Wind Specific Energy at 90 m Ozerki Meteorological Station Vyborg Meteorological Station 7700 kwh/m 2 /year 5600 kwh/m 2 /year kwh/m 2 /year 6

14 Based on the data on natural wind power potential in the coastal area of Primorsk, were developed: Wind Chart Wind Speed Distribution Map based on Vyborg weather station and NASA satellite data Wind Distribution Bar Chart 7

15 Core Equipment Selection Gale Speed 59.5 / 70 m/s JSW J82-2 Enercon E-82 Sinovel SL1500/77 Suzlon S Subaru S80 Temperature Range -30ºC to +40ºC Country Japan Germany China India Japan Capacity 2 MW 2 MW 1.5 MW 2.1 MW 2 MW Height, m 65/ / /70/ Generator Synchronous, permanent magnets Synchronous Asynchronous, with doublecurrent Asynchronous Asynchronous, with doublecurrent 15

16 Wind Power Unit Choice Validation 16

17 Wind Power Unit General Layout 17

18 Nacelle Components of the WPU 18

19 Foundation of the WPU 19

20 Circuit Diagram of the DVWPP 20

21 DVWPP Site Plan 21

22 Construction 22

23 Electricity Cost Value, RUR/kWh WPU Model (axis height) Arrangement 1 (1а) Arrangement 3 (3а) Arrangement 4 (4а) JSW J (80 m) Enercon Е-82 (98.3 m) Sinovel SL 1500/77 (80 m) Suzlon S (79 m) Subaru S 80 (80 m)

24 Efficiency assessment Capital Investment 2,805,625 thousand RUR; Specific Capital Investment 74.2 thousand RUR/kWh; Electricity cost value 1.83 RUR/kWh; Expel fuel volume 31.8 thousand tons of reference fuel; Equipment life-time 20 years; Simple pay-back period, electricity rate 2.3 RUR/kWh 28 years; Efficiency indicators, electricity rate 7.5 RUR/kWh: Simple pay-back period 5.5 years; Discounted pay-back period 8.5 years; Net present value 1,559,852 thousand RUR; Profitability index 0.56; Internal rate of return 17.5 %. 24

25 Large part in educational process of energy experts should play the laboratory research involving working experimental installations, test facilities and physical models. In SPbSPU, in 2006 as part of the Federal Target Program Human Resources there was organized a Science and Education Centre Renewable Energy Sources where Master s degree students as well as postgraduate students have the opportunity to use equipment and systems of conversion of various renewable energy sources such as solar, landfill bioenergy, low grade heat of near-surface soil, wind and hydraulic energy for educational, research and demonstration purposes. Upon the launch of the Centre the R&D has amounted to more that 35 M RUR, more that 20 students received their Master s degree and 8 Candidates of Science defended their theses. It is only reasonable to provide support for this kind of successfully working Science and Education Centres in the field of Renewable Energy within the framework of the Federal Target Program newly developed by the Ministry of Education and Science that will take place of the old Human Resources Program. 25

26 Autonomous energy complex, part of the 2kW solar photovoltaic plant and 2kW wind power plant with horizontal rotation axis and monitoring, accumulation and standby power supply system

27 Learning&demo heat supply system with 5 kw heat pump, low grade heat source simulator and heat storage system

28 Learning&demo heat supply system with solar system with and heat accumulation system with vacuumized heat collectors and heat storage system

29 Learning lab facility for examination of photovoltaic modules of various types with solar radiation simulator

30 Learning lab facility micro hydro power plant Basic technical specifications of the energy unit: Generated capacity kw Generator capacity 11 kw Wheel diameter m Rotation speed 1500 min -1 Net head - Max 10 m - Min 4 m Runoff m 3 /h

31 Electric cart with power supply from on-board photovoltaic modules Engine capacity 3 kw Maximum speed 40 km/h General specifications: Accumulator batteries capacity 100 Ah

32 Charging the vehicle from external solar array 32

33 It is crucial to provide top-qualification specialists along with the graduates of higher education institutions The specialty in the list of Higher Attestation Commission (VAK) «Renewable energy power plants». The specialty is open in a number of universities and organizations SPbSPU, MPEI, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGASU), All-Russian Research Institute of Agricultural Sector Electrification, Institute of Power Engineering, Joint Institute for High Temperatures of the Russian Academy of Sciences etc. Merit rating and cancellation of Thesis Boards conducted now by VAK must under no circumstances lead to liquidation of the Boards for this specialty 33

34 Demand for RE Experts by 2020 for implementation of the Government Decree 861 Indicator 2020 No of experts, ppl/mw Total for the Program by 2020, ppl Small Hydro MW Wind power plants MW Solar photovoltaic plants MW Distributed generation MW Share of renewable energy in power generation % 2.5 Total We need 7,000 graduates a year, whereas now we only have !!! 34

35 Thank you for your attention! Elistratov V.V. Phone: +7 (812)