One Survey One Hundred Solutions. TLidar in Africa

Transcription

1 TLidar in Africa

2 Africa Geospatial Forum The Survey Profession 35 Years of Change Johannesburg 19 August 2015 Norman Banks

3 Change & Progress! The reasonable man adapts himself to the world; the unreasonable one persists in trying to adapt the world to himself. Therefore all progress depends on the unreasonable man. George Bernard Shaw Progress is made by lazy men looking for easier ways to do things. Robert A. Heinlein

4 Contents The history So what does this mean? So what should we do?

5 In the Beginning (1980) Theodolites & Steel Tapes / EDM Film Cameras Computerised stereoplotters Programmable calculators Landsat 1 (80m pixels) No cell phones!

6 In the Beginning Ground Surveyors Air Aerial Survey Companies Sea Hydrographic Survey

7 Industry Associations Central Council of Land Surveyors ITESSA IMSSA Association of Air Survey Companies GISSA 1984 PLATO 2015 Geomatics Council

8 Ground Survey st EDM Wild DI st total station st GPS in SA st Trignet stations established

9 Aerial Survey st Analytical Plotter st GPS in aircraft st digital large format aerial camera st SGM software st UAVs appear in South Africa st legislation managing UAV operations

10 Hydrographic Survey st Shipborne SONAR sounding 1980s 1 st digital side scan sonar st Airborne Lidar bathymetry

11 Lidar Survey st Airborne Lidar st Airborne Lidar in Africa st terrestrial system st mobile Lidar survey st hand-held Lidar scanners

12 Remote Sensing 1972 Landsat 1 (80m resolution, 4 bands) 1986 Spot 1 (10m resolution, 4 bands) 1991 ERS-1 C-band Radar satellite 1999 Ikonos (1m, 5 bands) 2000 Hyperion (30m resolution, 220 bands) 2014 Worldview 3 (30cm, 16 bands) 2015 Daily revisit constellations

13 Mapping Software <1993 Photogrammetric software suites st Consumer priced SW - Photomodeler 1996 Lidar processing software Terrascan 2015 >50 software suites (Free US$12 000) OS Android, Windows, Linux, OSX, ios

14 Cell Phones st Cell Phone st Cell Phone in SA st Camera Cell Phone st Smart Phone st software to generate a pointcloud in a cell phone

15 So what does this mean? - 1 There is no longer a strong distinction between ground and aerial survey We all generate point clouds, from a terrestrial, mobile or airborne platform, using a camera or a Lidar system. There are now many ways to deliver similar answers.

16 So what does this mean? <10 aerial survey companies 2010 ~2-3 conventional aerial ~5 aerial Lidar 2015 >30 Lidar / conventional / UAV

17 So what does this mean? - 3 Standards are no longer clear System A R UAV, Mini Camera, free SW System B R Twin Aircraft, Lidar, Large Format Camera, Prof SW Can these two systems deliver the same level of answer? Maybe, maybe not.

18 So what does this mean? - 4 Barriers to entry have been lowered Costs of establishment can be <R Survey education unnecessary powerful photogrammetry in a black box solution Anyone can be a surveyor!

19 So what does this mean? - 5 This does not suggest that low cost is bad, or that high cost is good. It means that there are many ways to achieve the same result, but some may be more appropriate than others. It means that the clients need to be educated to ensure that they get what they need.

20 So what should the client ask? 1. What is my actual requirement? Image Resolution Horizontal & Vertical Accuracy Ground Control Vegetation Penetration Volumes Detail Mapping Regular Monitoring

21 So what should the client ask? 2. What are my options to achieve this? Ground Survey Mobile Scanning Aerial Survey Large Format Aerial Survey Lidar Satellite

22 So what should the client ask? 3. Can I achieve what I need from the technology being proposed? Time needed for capture & processing Image resolution Relative and absolute accuracy

23 So what should the client ask? 4. What are the limitations of the proposed technology? Vegetation penetration Building lean Sensor accuracy Sensor stability

24 So what should the client ask? 5. How do I confirm the accuracy & suitability? System calibration reports Check surveys

25 So what should the client ask? 6. Is the solution legal in all aspects? Is the company registered Does the company have the necessary licences Is the technology legal in the country Has it been legally imported Have the aircraft mods been approved by CAA

26 So what should the client ask? 7. What happens if things go wrong? Equipment Insurance Third Party Insurance Professional Indemnity Insurance

27 So what should the client ask? 8. Are the staff registered with a survey body? PLATO / Geomatics Council Will you receive a comprehensive survey report, signed by a registered professional

28 So what is the takeaway? Surveyors need to act as professional consultants, providing the most appropriate solution to their client. Clients need to educate themselves regarding the available options & must find a survey consultant that they can trust.

29 Conclusion The art of progress is to preserve order amid change, and to preserve change amid order. Alfred North Whitehead

30 South Africa Sao Tome / Namibia/ Botswana / Tanzania