Preface Acknowledgments Acronyms

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Barnaby Hunt
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1 Contents Preface Acknowledgments Acronyms xi xiii xv 1 Introduction The history of Antennas and Antenna Analysis Antenna Synthesis Approximate Antenna Modeling Organization of the Book Summary 12 References 13 2 Intravascular MR Antennas: Loops and Solenoids Introduction MRI Magnetic Properties of Atomic Nuclei Signal Detection Intravascular MR Antennas Antenna Designs for Tracking 28

4 Organization of the Book 9 1.5 Summary 12 References 13 2 Intravascular MR Antennas: Loops and Solenoids 19 2.

2 vi CONTENTS Antenna Designs for Imaging MR Antenna Model Admittance of a Loop Sensitivity Biot Savart Law Model Verification Antenna Evaluation Antennas for Active Tracking Antennas for Intravascular Imaging Antenna Rotation In Vitro Testing Sensitivity Pattern Tracking Antenna Synthesis Genetic-Algorithm Optimization Safety Aspects Static Magnetic Fields and Spatial Gradients Pulsed Gradient Magnetic Fields Pulsed RF Fields and Heating Conclusions 89 Appendix 2.A. Biot Savart Law for Quasi-Static Situation 90 References 92 3 PCB Antennas: Printed Monopoles Introduction Printed UWB Antennas Ultrawideband Antennas Two-Penny Dipole Antenna PCB UWB Antenna Design Band-Stop Filter Printed Strip Monopole Antennas Model of an Imperfectly Conducting Dipole Antenna Dipole Antenna with Magnetic Coating Generalization of the Concept of Equivalent Radius Equivalent Dipole with Magnetic Coating Validation 125

7 Antenna Synthesis 80 2.7.1 Genetic-Algorithm Optimization 80 2.8 Safety Aspects 86 2.8.1 Static Magnetic Fields and Spatial Gradients 87 2.8.2 Pulsed Gradient Magnetic Fields 88 2.8.3 Pulsed RF Fields and Heating 88 2.

3 CONTENTS vii Microstrip-Excited Planar Strip Monopole Antenna Conclusions 135 References RFID Antennas: Folded Dipoles Introduction Wire Folded-Dipole Antennas Symmetric Folded-Dipole Antenna Asymmetric Folded-Dipole Antenna Impedance Control Power Waves Short Circuits Parasitic Elements Asymmetric Coplanar-Strip Folded-Dipole Antenna on a Dielectric Slab Lampe Model Asymmetric Coplanar-Strip Transmission Line Dipole Mode Analysis Folded-Dipole Array Antennas Reentrant Folded-Dipole Antenna Series-Fed Linear Array of Folded Dipoles Model Verification Inclusion of Effects of Mutual Coupling Verification of Modeling of Mutual Coupling Conclusions 178 References Rectennas: Microstrip Patch Antennas Introduction Rectenna Design Improvements Analytical Models Model of Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna Model of Rectifying Circuit Model Verification Wireless Battery Single Rectenna Characterization of Rectenna Cascaded Rectennas 204

4 Asymmetric Coplanar-Strip Folded-Dipole Antenna on a Dielectric Slab 153 4.4.1 Lampe Model 155 4.4.2 Asymmetric Coplanar-Strip Transmission Line 157 4.4.3 Dipole Mode Analysis 166 4.

4 viii CONTENTS 5.6 Power and Data Transfer RF Energy Scavenging GSM and WLAN Power Density Levels GSM Mobile Phone as RF Source Conclusions 216 References Large Array Antennas: Open-Ended Rectangular-Waveguide Radiators Introduction Mode Matching and Generalized Scattering Matrices Waveguide Fields TE Modes TM Modes Transverse Field Components Unit Cell Fields TE Modes TM Modes Transverse Field Components Cross-Sectional Step in a Rectangular Waveguide Boundary Conditions Across the Interface Creation of a Finite System of Linear Equations Matrix Formulation and GSM Derivation Junction Between a Rectangular Waveguide and a Unit Cell GSM Derivation Dielectric Step in a Unit Cell GSM Derivation Finite-Length Transmission Line GSM Derivation Overall GSM of a Cascaded Rectangular-Waveguide Structure Validation Initial Choice of Modes Relative Convergence and Choice of Modes Filter Structures Array Antenna Structures Conclusions 272

2 Waveguide Fields 224 6.2.1 TE Modes 227 6.2.2 TM Modes 228 6.2.3 Transverse Field Components 229 6.3 Unit Cell Fields 231 6.3.1 TE Modes 232 6.3.2 TM Modes 234 6.3.3 Transverse Field Components 234 6.

5 CONTENTS ix Appendix 6.A. Waveguide Mode Orthogonality and Normalization Functions 273 Appendix 6.B. Mode-Coupling Integrals for Waveguide-to-Waveguide Junction 277 Appendix 6.C. Unit Cell Mode Orthogonality and Normalization Functions 281 Appendix 6.D. Mode-Coupling Integrals for Rectangular-Waveguide-to-Unit-Cell Junction 282 References Summary and Conclusions Full-Wave and Approximate Antenna Analysis Intravascular MR Antennas: Loops and Solenoids PCB Antennas: Printed Monopoles RFID Antennas: Folded Dipoles Rectennas: Microstrip Patch Antennas Large Array Antennas: Open-Ended Rectangular- Waveguide Radiators 299 References 299 Index 301

Mode-Coupling Integrals for Rectangular-Waveguide-to-Unit-Cell Junction 282 References 288 7 Summary and Conclusions 293 7.1 Full-Wave and Approximate Antenna Analysis 293 7.

for Communication Systems Protection EMI CD-ROM INCLUDED

for Communication Systems Protection EMI CD-ROM INCLUDED Krešimir Malarić EMI Protection for Communication Systems CD-ROM INCLUDED Contents Preface xiii CHAPTER 1 Communications Systems 1 1.1 Components of Communications Systems 1 1.2 Transmitter Systems 2 1.2.1